REGISTRATION NO. 333-119957 AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON MAY 13, 2005. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 --------------------- AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO FORM S-11 FOR REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OF SECURITIES OF CERTAIN REAL ESTATE COMPANIES --------------------- MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its governing instruments) 1000 URBAN CENTER DRIVE, SUITE 501, BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 35242 (205) 969-3755 (Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices) EDWARD K. ALDAG, JR. CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. 1000 URBAN CENTER DRIVE, SUITE 501, BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 35242 (205) 969-3755 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) WITH A COPY TO:
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We cannot sell any of the securities described in this prospectus until the registration statement that we have filed to cover the securities has become effective under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. This prospectus is not an offer to sell the securities, nor is it a solicitation of an offer to buy the securities, in any state where an offer or sale of the securities is not permitted. SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED MAY 13, 2005 PROSPECTUS SHARES OF COMMON STOCK (MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST LOGO) We are a self-advised real estate company that acquires, develops and net-leases healthcare facilities. We expect to qualify as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for federal income tax purposes and will elect to be taxed as a REIT under the federal income tax laws. This is our initial public offering of common stock. No public market currently exists for our common stock. We are offering shares of common stock and shares of common stock are being offered by the selling stockholders described in this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock by the selling stockholders. We expect the initial public offering price to be between $ and $ per share. We have applied to list our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "MPW." SEE "RISK FACTORS" BEGINNING ON PAGE 17 OF THIS PROSPECTUS FOR THE MOST SIGNIFICANT RISKS RELEVANT TO AN INVESTMENT IN OUR COMMON STOCK, INCLUDING, AMONG OTHERS: - We were formed in August 2003 and have a limited operating history; our management has a limited history of operating a REIT and a public company and may therefore have difficulty in successfully and profitably operating our business. - We may be unable to acquire or develop the facilities we have under letter of commitment or contract or facilities we have identified as potential candidates for acquisition or development as quickly as we expect or at all, which could harm our future operating results and adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Our real estate investments will be concentrated in net-leased healthcare facilities, making us more vulnerable economically than if our investments were more diversified across several industries or property types. - Our facilities are currently leased to three tenants, two of which were recently organized and have limited or no operating histories, and the failure of any of these tenants to meet its obligations to us, including payment of rent, payment of loan commitment fees and repayment of loans we have made or intend to make to them, would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Development and construction risks, including delays in construction, exceeding original estimates and failure to obtain financing, could adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Reductions in reimbursement from third-party payors, including Medicare and Medicaid, could adversely affect the profitability of our tenants and hinder their ability to make rent or loan payments to us. - The healthcare industry is heavily regulated and existing and new laws or regulations, changes to existing laws or regulations, loss of licensure or certification or failure to obtain licensure or certification could result in the inability of our tenants to make lease or loan payments to us. - Failure to obtain or loss of our tax status as a REIT would have significant adverse consequences to us and the value of our common stock. - Our loans to Vibra could be recharacterized as equity, in which case our rental income from Vibra would not be qualifying income under the REIT rules and we could lose our REIT status. - Common stock eligible for future sale, including up to shares that may be resold by our existing stockholders upon effectiveness of our resale registration statement, may result in increased selling which may have an adverse effect on our stock price. - If you purchase common stock in this offering, you will experience immediate dilution of approximately $ in net tangible book value per share. ---------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY The following summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the entire prospectus, including "Risk Factors" and our financial statements and pro forma financial information and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, before making a decision to invest in our common stock. In this prospectus, unless the context suggests otherwise, references to "MPT," "the company," "we," "us" and "our" mean Medical Properties Trust, Inc., including our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., its general partner and our wholly-owned limited liability company, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, as well as our other direct and indirect subsidiaries. Unless otherwise indicated, the information included in this prospectus assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock and that the common stock to be sold in this offering is sold at $ per share, which is the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. OUR COMPANY We are a self-advised real estate company that acquires, develops and leases healthcare facilities providing state-of-the-art healthcare services. We lease our facilities to healthcare operators pursuant to long-term net-leases, which require the tenant to bear most of the costs associated with the property. From time to time, we also make loans to our tenants. We were formed in August 2003 and completed a private placement of our common stock in April 2004 in which we raised net proceeds of approximately $233.5 million. Shortly after completion of our private placement, we began to acquire our current portfolio of nine facilities, consisting of seven facilities that are in operation and two facilities that are under development. We acquired six operating facilities in July and August of 2004 for an aggregate purchase price of $127.4 million, including acquisition costs, from Care Ventures, Inc. We also made loans of approximately $49.1 million to the new tenant of these facilities. One of the loans has been repaid and the remaining loan has a principal balance of approximately $41.4 million. We acquired one operating facility in February 2005 for a purchase price of $28.0 million from Prime A Investments, LLC. We focus on acquiring and developing rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, regional and community hospitals, women's and children's hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers as well as other specialized single-discipline and ancillary facilities. We believe that these types of facilities will capture an increasing share of expenditures for healthcare services. We believe that our strategy for acquisition and development of these types of net-leased facilities, which generally require a physician's order for patient admission, distinguishes us as a unique investment alternative among real estate investment trusts, or REITs. We believe that the U.S. healthcare delivery system is becoming decentralized and is evolving away from the traditional "one stop," large-scale acute care hospital. We believe that this change is the result of a number of trends, including increasing specialization and technological innovation within the healthcare industry and the desire of both physicians and patients to utilize more convenient facilities. We also believe that demographic trends in the U.S., including, in particular, an aging population, will result in continued growth in the demand for healthcare services, which in turn will lead to an increasing need for a greater supply of modern healthcare facilities. In response to these trends, we believe that healthcare operators increasingly prefer to conserve their capital for investment in operations and new technologies rather than investing in real estate and, therefore, increasingly prefer to lease, rather than own, their facilities. Given these trends and the size, scope and growth of this dynamic industry, we believe that there are significant opportunities to acquire and develop net-leased healthcare facilities at attractive, risk-adjusted returns. Our management team has extensive experience in acquiring, owning, developing, managing and leasing healthcare facilities; managing investments in healthcare facilities; acquiring healthcare companies; and managing real estate companies. Our management team also has substantial experience in healthcare operations and administration, which includes many years of service in executive positions for hospitals and other healthcare providers, as well as in physician practice management and hospital/physician relations. 1
We believe that our management's ability to combine traditional real estate investment expertise with an understanding of healthcare operations enables us to successfully implement our strategy. We intend to make an election to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code, or the Code, commencing with our taxable year that began on April 6, 2004 and ended on December 31, 2004. Our principal executive offices are located at 1000 Urban Center Drive, Suite 501, Birmingham, Alabama 35242. Our telephone number is (205) 969-3755. Our Internet address is www.medicalpropertiestrust.com. The information on our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus. OUR PORTFOLIO OUR CURRENT PORTFOLIO OF FACILITIES Our current portfolio of facilities consists of nine healthcare facilities, seven of which are in operation and two of which are under development. Six of the facilities in operation, which consist of four rehabilitation hospitals and two long-term acute care hospitals, are leased to subsidiaries of Vibra Healthcare, LLC, or Vibra, formerly known as Highmark Healthcare, LLC, a recently formed specialty healthcare provider with operations in six states. We refer to these facilities in this prospectus as the Vibra Facilities. The seventh facility in operation, a community hospital which has an integrated medical office building, is leased to Desert Valley Hospital, Inc., or DVH. We refer to this facility in this prospectus as the Desert Valley Facility. The facilities under development are a community hospital, which we refer to in this prospectus as the West Houston Hospital, and an adjacent medical office building, which we refer to in this prospectus as the West Houston MOB, and are leased to Stealth, L.P., or Stealth, a recently organized healthcare facility operator with no current operations. We refer to the West Houston Hospital and the West Houston MOB together in this prospectus as the West Houston Facilities. All of the leases for the hospitals currently in operation have initial terms of 15 years. The initial lease term for the West Houston Hospital began when construction commenced in July 2004 and will end 15 years after completion of construction. The initial lease term for the West Houston MOB began when construction commenced in July 2004 and will end 10 years after completion of construction. We target completion of construction of the West Houston MOB for August 2005 and completion of construction of the West Houston Hospital for October 2005. The leases for all of the facilities in our current portfolio provide for contractual base rent and an annual rent escalator. The leases for the Vibra Facilities also provide for "percentage rent," which means that once the tenant achieves a certain revenue threshold then, in addition to base rent, we will receive periodic rent payments based on an agreed percentage of the tenant's gross revenue. The following tables set forth information, as of March 31, 2005, regarding our current portfolio of facilities:
In connection with the development of the West Houston Facilities, Stealth has agreed to pay us a commitment fee of approximately $932,125, to be paid over 15 years following completion of the West Houston Hospital. The commitment fee is based on a percentage of total development costs and may be adjusted upon completion of construction of the West Houston Facilities based on actual development costs. We have agreed to make a working capital loan to Stealth of up to $1.62 million, to be repaid over 15 years. No funds have been borrowed by Stealth to date under the working capital loan. The promissory notes evidencing the loan and commitment fee provide for interest at an annual rate of 10.75% and are unsecured, but the promissory notes are cross-defaulted with our related facility leases with Stealth. Stealth is obligated to pay us a project inspection fee for construction coordination services of $100,000 in the case of the West Houston Hospital and $50,000 in the case of the adjacent West Houston MOB. These fees are to be paid, with interest at the rate of 10.75% per year, over a 15 year period beginning on the date that the West Houston Hospital is completed, which we expect to be in October 2005. The obligation to pay these fees is evidenced by promissory notes and is unsecured, but the promissory notes are cross-defaulted with our related facility leases with Stealth. Any of the fees or the working capital loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty, except that a minimum prepayment of $500,000 is required for the working capital loan. OUR PENDING ACQUISITIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to expand our portfolio by acquiring or developing additional net-leased healthcare facilities that we have under contract or letter of commitment and consider to be probable acquisitions or developments as of the date of this prospectus, which we refer to in this prospectus as our Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities. Under the terms of the contracts or letters of commitment relating to these facilities, we expect the leases for each of these facilities to provide for contractual base rent and an annual rent escalator. The letters of commitment constitute agreements of the parties to consummate the acquisition or development transactions and enter into leases on the terms set forth in the letters of commitment subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the execution of mutually-acceptable definitive agreements. The following tables contain information regarding our Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities: Operating Facilities -- Acquisitions
(3) Based on one year contractual interest at the rate of 10.5% per year on the $8.0 million mortgage loan to Hammond Properties. We expect to exercise our option to purchase the Hammond Facility in 2006. For the one year period following our purchase of the facility, contractual base rent would equal $1,079,925, based on 10.5% of an estimated purchase price of $10,285,000. (4) The annual rent increase is the greater of 2.5% and any change in the CPI. Development Facilities
is subject to our tenant's acquisition of the facility and the operations of the facility from the current owner and a number of other conditions. Our tenant has entered into a non-binding letter of intent to acquire the facility and operations at that facility. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we purchase the facility, we will lease it back to an affiliate of our tenant for a term of 15 years with three renewal options of five years each. The lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10.5% of the purchase price, which rent shall increase each year by the greater of 2.5% or the increase in CPI from the prior year. We have been paid a commitment fee equal to a 0.5% of the purchase price in connection with this transaction. The lease will be cross-defaulted with all other leases and other agreements between us or our affiliates, on the one hand, and the tenant or its affiliates, on the other hand. On May 3, 2005 we entered into a letter of commitment with another of our tenants to purchase a hospital facility in California for a purchase price of $25.0 million, subject to adjustment. The transaction is subject to our tenant's acquisition of the facility from the current owner and a number of other conditions. Our tenant has not yet entered into an agreement or letter of intent to purchase the facility from the current owner. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we purchase the facility, we will lease it back to an affiliate of our tenant for a term of 15 years with three renewal options of five years each. The lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10% of the purchase price, which rent shall increase each year by the greater of 2.0% or the increase in CPI from the prior year. We have been paid a commitment fee equal to a 0.5% of the purchase price in connection with this transaction. The lease will be cross-defaulted with all other leases and other agreements between us or our affiliates, on the one hand, and the tenant or its affiliates, on the other hand. We cannot assure you that we will acquire or develop any of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities or complete any of the other transactions we have under letter of commitment on the terms described in this prospectus or at all, because each of these transactions is subject to a variety of conditions, including, in the case of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facility under contract, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals and other third party reports, obtaining of government and third party approvals and consents, our proposed tenant's acquisition of the property on which facilities are to be built, as well as other customary closing conditions and, in the case of the transactions under letters of commitment, negotiation and execution of mutually-acceptable definitive agreements, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals that support the purchase price set forth in the commitment letter and other third party reports, obtaining of government and third party approvals and consents, approval by our board of directors, and in certain cases our proposed tenant's acquisition of the facility from the current owner, as well as satisfaction of customary closing conditions. OUR ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE In addition to the transactions described above, as of , 2005, we had facilities under letters of intent with an aggregate gross purchase price and estimated development costs totally approximately $ million. The letters of intent are non-binding, and we cannot assure you that we will acquire or develop any of the facilities under letters of intent because each of these transactions is subject to a variety of conditions, including the willingness of the parties to proceed with the contemplated transaction, negotiation and execution of a letter of commitment and mutually-acceptable definitive agreements, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals and other third party reports, obtaining of closing conditions. We have also identified a number of opportunities to acquire or develop additional healthcare facilities. In some cases, we are actively negotiating agreements or letters of intent with the owners or prospective tenants. In other instances, we have only identified the potential opportunity and had preliminary discussions with the owner or prospective tenant. None of these potential acquisitions or developments is under a letter of intent, letter of commitment or contract and we cannot assure you that we will complete any of these potential acquisitions or developments. 6
OUR DEBT We employ leverage in our capital structure in amounts we determine from time to time. At present, we intend to limit our debt to approximately 60% of the aggregate cost of our facilities, although we may exceed that level from time to time. We expect our borrowings to be a combination of long-term, fixed- rate, non-recourse mortgage loans, variable-rate secured term and revolving credit facilities, and other fixed and variable-rate short to medium-term loans. We borrowed $75 million from Merrill Lynch Capital under a loan agreement with a term of three years for acquisition and development of additional facilities and other working capital needs. The loan bears interest at one month LIBOR (3.09% at May 10, 2005) plus 300 basis points. The loan is secured by our interests in the Vibra Facilities and requires us to comply with certain financial covenants. There was $74.1 million outstanding under this loan as of March 31, 2005. We have also entered into construction loan agreements in an aggregate amount of $43.4 million with Colonial Bank to fund construction costs for the West Houston Facilities being developed in Houston, Texas. Each construction loan has a term of up to 18 months and an option on the part of the borrower to convert the loan to a 30-month term loan upon completion of construction of the West Houston Facility securing that loan. The loans are secured by mortgages on the West Houston Facilities, as well as assignments of rents and leases on those facilities, and require us to comply with certain financial covenants. The loans bear interest at one month LIBOR plus 225 basis points during the construction period and one month LIBOR plus 250 basis points thereafter. The Colonial Bank loans are cross-defaulted. As of the date of this prospectus, we have made no borrowings under the Colonial Bank loans. COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS We believe that the following competitive strengths will enable us to execute our business strategy successfully: - Experienced Management Team. Our management team's experience enables us to offer innovative acquisition and net-lease structures that we believe will appeal to a variety of healthcare operators. We believe that our management's depth of experience in both traditional real estate investment and healthcare operations positions us favorably to take advantage of the available opportunities in the healthcare real estate market. - Comprehensive Underwriting Process. Our underwriting process focuses on both real estate investment and healthcare operations. Our acquisition and development selection process includes a comprehensive analysis of a targeted healthcare facility's profitability, cash flow, occupancy and patient and payor mix, financial trends in revenues and expenses, barriers to competition, the need in the market for the type of healthcare services provided by the facility, the strength of the location and the underlying value of the facility, as well as the financial strength and experience of the tenant and the tenant's management team. Through our detailed underwriting of healthcare acquisitions, which includes an analysis of both the underlying real estate and ongoing or expected healthcare operations at the property, we expect to deliver attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. - Active Asset Management. We actively monitor the operating results of our tenants by reviewing periodic financial reporting and operating data, as well as visiting each facility and meeting with the management of our tenants on a regular basis. Integral to our asset management philosophy is our desire to build long-term relationships with our tenants and, accordingly, we have developed a partnering approach which we believe results in the tenant viewing us as a member of its team. - Favorable Lease Terms. We lease our facilities to healthcare operators pursuant to long-term net-lease agreements. A net-lease requires the tenant to bear most of the costs associated with the property, including property taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. Our current net-leases are for terms of at least 10 years, provide for annual base rental increases and, in the case of the Vibra Facilities, percentage rent. Similarly, we anticipate that our future leases will generally provide for 7
base rent with annual escalators, tenant payment of operating costs and, when feasible and in compliance with applicable healthcare laws and regulations, percentage rent. - Diversified Portfolio Strategy. We focus on a portfolio of several different types of healthcare facilities in a variety of geographic regions. We also intend to diversify our tenant base as we acquire and develop additional healthcare facilities. - Access to Investment Opportunities. We believe our network of relationships in both the real estate and healthcare industries provides us access to a large volume of potential acquisition and development opportunities. The net proceeds of this offering will enhance our ability to capitalize on these and other investment opportunities. - Local Physician Investment. When feasible and in compliance with applicable healthcare laws and regulations, we expect to offer physicians an opportunity to invest in the facilities that we own, thereby strengthening our relationship with the local physician community. SUMMARY RISK FACTORS You should carefully consider the matters discussed in the section "Risk Factors" beginning on page 15 prior to deciding whether to invest in our common stock. Some of these risks include: - We were formed in August 2003 and have a limited operating history; our management has a limited history of operating a REIT and a public company and may therefore have difficulty in successfully and profitably operating our business. - We may be unable to acquire or develop the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities or facilities we have identified as potential candidates for acquisition or development as quickly as we expect or at all, which could harm our future operating results and adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - We expect to continue to experience rapid growth and may not be able to adapt our management and operational systems to integrate the net-leased facilities we have acquired and are developing or those that we expect to acquire and develop without unanticipated disruption or expense. - Our real estate investments will be concentrated in net-leased healthcare facilities, making us more vulnerable economically than if our investments were more diversified across several industries or property types. - Failure by our tenants to repay loans currently outstanding or loans we have committed to make or to pay us commitment and other fees that they are obligated to pay, in an aggregate amount of approximately $44.1 million, would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Our facilities are currently leased to only three tenants, two of which were recently organized and have limited or no operating histories, and the failure of any of these tenants to meet its obligations to us, including payment of rent, payment of commitment fees and repayment of loans we have made or intend to make to them, would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Development and construction risks, including delays in construction, exceeding original estimates and failure to obtain financing, could adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. - Reductions in reimbursement from third-party payors, including Medicare and Medicaid, could adversely affect the profitability of our tenants and hinder their ability to make rent or loan payments to us. 8
- The healthcare industry is heavily regulated and existing and new laws or regulations, changes to existing laws or regulations, loss of licensure or certification or failure to obtain licensure or certification could result in the inability of our tenants to make lease or loan payments to us. - Our use of debt financing will subject us to significant risks, including foreclosure and refinancing risks and the risk that debt service obligations will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders. We have entered into loan agreements pursuant to which we may borrow up to $117.5 million, $74.1 million of which was outstanding as of March 31, 2005. Our charter and other organizational documents do not limit the amount of debt we may incur. - Provisions of Maryland law, our charter and our bylaws may prevent or deter changes in management and third-party acquisition proposals that you may believe to be in our best interest, depress our stock price or cause dilution. - We depend on key personnel, the loss of any one of whom could threaten our ability to operate our business successfully. - Failure to obtain or loss of our tax status as a REIT would have significant adverse consequences to us and the value of our common stock. - Our loans to Vibra could be recharacterized as equity, in which case our rental income from Vibra would not be qualifying income under the REIT rules and we could lose our REIT status. - There is currently no public market for our common stock, and an active trading market for our common stock may never develop. - Common stock eligible for future sale, including up to shares that may be resold by our existing stockholders upon effectiveness of our resale registration statement, may result in increased selling which may have an adverse effect on our stock price. - Our engagement agreement with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. may preclude us from engaging investment banking firms other than Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc, until April 7, 2006 for future financing and other strategic transactions, and Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. has an interest in this offering other than underwriting discounts and commissions. - If you purchase common stock in this offering, you will experience immediate dilution of approximately $ in net tangible book value per share. MARKET OPPORTUNITY According to the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, healthcare is one of the largest industries in the U.S., and was responsible for approximately 15.3% of U.S. gross domestic product in 2003. Healthcare spending has consistently grown at rates greater than overall spending growth and inflation. We expect this trend to continue. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, healthcare expenditures are projected to increase by more than 7% in 2004 and 2005 to $1.8 trillion and $1.9 trillion, respectively, and are expected to reach $3.1 trillion by 2012. To satisfy this growing demand for healthcare services, a significant amount of new construction of healthcare facilities has been undertaken, and we expect significant construction of additional healthcare facilities in the future. In 2003 alone, $24.5 billion was spent on the construction of healthcare facilities, according to CMS. This represented more than a 9% increase over the $22.4 billion in healthcare construction spending for 2002. We believe that a significant part of this healthcare construction spending was for the types of facilities that we target. OUR TARGET FACILITIES The market for healthcare real estate is extensive and includes real estate owned by a variety of healthcare operators. We focus on acquiring, developing and net leasing to healthcare operators facilities 9
that are designed to address what we view as the latest trends in healthcare delivery methods. These facilities include: - Rehabilitation Hospitals: Rehabilitation hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services for patients recovering from multiple traumatic injuries, organ transplants, amputations, cardiovascular surgery, strokes, and complex neurological, orthopedic, and other conditions. These hospitals are often the best medical alternative to traditional acute care hospitals where under the Medicare prospective payment system there is pressure to discharge patients after relatively short stays. - Long-term Acute Care Hospitals: Long-term acute care hospitals focus on extended hospital care, generally at least 25 days, for the medically-complex patient. Long-term acute care hospitals have arisen from a need to provide care to patients in acute care settings, including daily physician observation and treatment, before they are able to move to a rehabilitation hospital or return home. These facilities are reimbursed in a manner more appropriate for a longer length of stay than is typical for an acute care hospital. - Regional and Community Hospitals: We define regional and community hospitals as general medical/surgical hospitals whose practicing physicians generally serve a market specific area, whether urban, suburban or rural. We intend to limit our ownership of these facilities to those with market, ownership, competitive or technological characteristics that provide barriers to entry for potential competitors. - Women's and Children's Hospitals: These hospitals serve the specialized areas of obstetrics and gynecology, other women's healthcare needs, neonatology and pediatrics. We anticipate substantial development of facilities designed to meet the needs of women and children and their physicians as a result of the decentralization and specialization trends described above. - Ambulatory Surgery Centers: Ambulatory surgery centers are freestanding facilities designed to allow patients to have outpatient surgery, spend a short time recovering at the center, then return home to complete their recoveries. Ambulatory surgery centers offer a lower cost alternative to general hospitals for many surgical procedures in an environment that is more convenient for both patients and physicians. Outpatient procedures commonly performed include those related to gastrointestinal, general surgery, plastic surgery, ear, nose and throat/audiology, as well as orthopedics and sports medicine. - Other Single-Discipline Facilities: The decentralization and specialization trends in the healthcare industry are also creating demands and opportunities for physicians to practice in hospital facilities in which the design, layout and medical equipment are specifically developed, and healthcare professional staff are educated, for medical specialties. These facilities include heart hospitals, ophthalmology centers, orthopedic hospitals and cancer centers. - Medical Office Buildings: Medical office buildings are office and clinic facilities occupied and used by physicians and other healthcare providers in the provision of healthcare services to their patients. The medical office buildings that we target are or will be master-leased and generally adjacent to our other targeted healthcare facilities. OUR FORMATION TRANSACTIONS The following is a summary of our formation transactions: - We were formed as a Maryland corporation on August 27, 2003 to succeed to the business of Medical Properties Trust, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed by certain of our founders in December 2002. In connection with our formation, we issued our founders 1,630,435 shares of our common stock in exchange for nominal cash consideration and the membership interests of Medical Properties Trust, LLC. Upon completion of our private placement in April 2004, 1,108,527 shares of the 1,630,435 shares of common stock held by our founders were 10
redeemed for nominal value and they now collectively hold 557,908 shares of our common stock, including shares purchased in our April 2004 private placement. - Our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., was formed in September 2003. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, is the sole general partner of our operating partnership. We currently own all of the limited partnership interests in our operating partnership. - MPT Development Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation that we formed in January 2004, operates as our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiary. - In April 2004 we completed a private placement of 25,300,000 shares of common stock at an offering price of $10.00 per share. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., which is serving as a lead underwriter in this offering, acted as the initial purchaser and sole placement agent. The total net proceeds to us, after deducting fees and expenses of the offering, were approximately $233.5 million. The net proceeds of our private placement, together with borrowed funds, have been or will be used to acquire our current portfolio of nine facilities, consisting of seven facilities that are in operation and two that are under development, lend funds to one of our tenants, repay debt, pay pre-offering operating expenses and for working capital. Thus far we have utilized approximately $155.4 million to acquire our seven existing facilities, have loaned $47.6 million to Vibra to acquire the operations at the Vibra Facilities and for working capital purposes, $6.2 million of which has been repaid, and have funded approximately $32.2 million of a projected total of approximately $63.1 million of development costs for the West Houston Facilities. There are approximately 316 beneficial holders of our common stock as of the date of this prospectus. OUR STRUCTURE We conduct our business through a traditional umbrella partnership REIT, or UPREIT, in which our facilities are owned by our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., and limited partnerships, limited liability companies or other subsidiaries of our operating partnership. Through our wholly-owned limited liability company, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, we are the sole general partner of our operating partnership and we presently own all of the limited partnership units of our operating partnership. In the future, we may issue limited partnership units to third parties from time to time in connection with facility acquisitions or developments. In addition, we may sell equity interests in subsidiaries of our operating partnership in connection with facility acquisitions or developments. 11
MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, is authorized to engage in development, management, lending, including but not limited to acquisition and working capital loans to our tenants, and other activities that we are unable to engage in directly under applicable REIT tax rules. The following chart illustrates our structure upon completion of this offering: (CHART) - --------------- (1) We own and in the future expect to own interests in our facilities through wholly owned or majority owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. Our operating partnership is a limited partner of MPT West Houston MOB, L.P. and MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P., which own, respectively, the West Houston MOB and the West Houston Hospital. MPT West Houston MOB, LLC and MPT West Houston Hospital, LLC, both of which are wholly-owned by our operating partnership, are, respectively, the general partners of these entities. We have sold limited partnership interests in MPT West Houston MOB, L.P. to physicians and others associated with our tenant or subtenants of the West Houston MOB. Stealth, the tenant of the West Houston Hospital, owns a 6% limited partnership interest in MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P. REGISTRATION RIGHTS AND LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS Registration Rights Agreement. Pursuant to a registration rights agreement among us, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. and certain holders of our common stock, we were required, among other things, to file with the SEC by January 6, 2005 a resale shelf registration statement registering all of the shares of common stock sold in our April 2004 private placement, and all of the shares of common stock issued to Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. for financial advisory services. We are required to use our reasonable best efforts to cause the resale registration statement to become effective under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable after the filing and to maintain the resale registration statement continuously effective under the Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act, for a specified period. The resale registration statement was filed on January 6, 2005. If we default on our obligation to use reasonable best efforts to cause the effectiveness of, or fail to maintain the effectiveness of, the resale registration statement for the time periods described above, or certain other events occur, we may be 12
required to pay the holders of registrable shares, other than our affiliates, liquidated damages during the period of the default. Lock-up Agreements. All of our directors and executive officers, subject to limited exceptions, have agreed to be bound by lock-up agreements that prohibit these holders from selling or otherwise disposing of any of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they own or acquire for 180 days after the date of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters will require that all of our stockholders other than our executive officers and directors agree not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of the shares of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they have acquired prior to the date of this prospectus and are not selling in this offering until 60 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to limited exceptions. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., on behalf of the underwriters, may, in its discretion, release all or any portion of the common stock subject to the lock-up agreements with our directors and executive officers at any time and without notice or stockholder approval, in which case our other stockholders would also be released from the restrictions under the registration rights agreement. SELLING STOCKHOLDERS Pursuant to, and subject to the terms and conditions of, the registration rights agreement among us, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. and certain holders of our common stock, persons who purchased our common stock in our private placement in April 2004 and their transferees have the right to sell their common stock in this offering. We are including shares of our common stock in this offering to be sold by selling stockholders. RESTRICTIONS ON OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK The Code imposes limitations on the concentration of ownership of REIT shares. Our charter generally prohibits any stockholder from actually or constructively owning more than 9.8% of our outstanding shares of common stock. The ownership limitation in our charter is more restrictive than the restrictions on ownership of our common stock imposed by the Code. Our board may, in its sole discretion, waive this ownership limitation with respect to particular stockholders if our board is presented with evidence satisfactory to it that the ownership will not then or in the future jeopardize our status as a REIT. DISTRIBUTION POLICY We intend to distribute to our stockholders each year all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income so as to avoid paying corporate income tax and excise tax on our REIT income and to qualify for the tax benefits afforded to REITs under the Code. The actual amount and timing of distributions, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon our actual results of operations and a number of other factors discussed in the section "Distribution Policy." The table below is a summary of our distribution history.
THE OFFERING Shares of common stock offered by us(1)...................... shares Shares of common stock offered by selling stockholders....... shares Shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering(1)(2)................ shares Use of Proceeds............... The net proceeds to us from the sale of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discount and the estimated offering expenses payable by us, will be approximately $ . We intend to use the net proceeds as follows: - approximately $ to fund the purchase or development of our Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities; - the remainder for general corporate and working capital purposes, including possible future acquisitions or developments of facilities, expansion of the Desert Valley Facility, funding of the DSI acquisition and development commitment, and repayment of indebtedness. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net offering proceeds in interest-bearing, short-term marketable investment grade securities or money-market accounts which are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT. Proposed NYSE symbol.......... MPW - --------------- (1) Excludes shares of common stock that may be issued by us upon exercise of the underwriters' overallotment option. (2) Based on shares outstanding as of , 2005. Includes 106,000 shares of restricted common stock to be awarded upon completion of this offering under our Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, which we refer to in this prospectus as our equity incentive plan. Excludes (i) 100,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options granted to our independent directors under our equity incentive plan, one-third of which are vested; (ii) 5,000 shares of common stock issuable in October 2007 and 7,500 shares of common stock issuable in March 2008 pursuant to deferred stock units awarded under our equity incentive plan to our independent directors; (iii) 35,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant granted to an unaffiliated third-party; and (iv) 490,680 shares of common stock available for future awards under our equity incentive plan. TAX STATUS As long as we qualify for and maintain our REIT status, we will generally not incur federal income tax on our income to the extent that we distribute this income to our stockholders. However, we will be subject to tax at normal corporate rates on net income or capital gains not distributed to stockholders. Moreover, our taxable REIT subsidiary will be subject to federal and state income taxation on its taxable income. SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION You should read the following pro forma and historical information in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our historical and pro forma consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. 14
The following table sets forth our summary financial and operating data on an historical and pro forma basis. Our summary historical balance sheet information as of December 31, 2004, and the historical statement of operations and other data for the year ended December 31, 2004, have been derived from our historical financial statements audited by KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report with respect thereto is included elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical balance sheet information as of March 31, 2005 and the historical statement of operations and other data for the three months ended March 31, 2005 have been derived from our unaudited historical balance sheet as of March 31, 2005 and from our unaudited statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited historical financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial condition and results of operations as of such dates and for such periods under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2005 are presented as if completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisitions had occurred on March 31, 2005. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004 are presented as if completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisitions and acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility had occurred on December 31, 2004. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations and other data for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are presented as if our completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase probable acquisitions and acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility had occurred on January 1, 2005, and our December 31, 2004 unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations are presented as if our acquisition of the current portfolio of facilities (the six Vibra Facilities and the Desert Valley Facility) and our making of the Vibra loans and completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisition facilities had occurred on January 1, 2004. The pro forma information does not give effect to any of our facilities under development or probable development transactions. The pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of what our actual financial position or results of operations would have been as of the dates or for the periods indicated, nor does it purport to represent our future financial position or results of operations.
RISK FACTORS An investment in our common stock involves a number of risks. The risks described below represent the risks that we believe are material as of the date of this prospectus that you should carefully consider before making an investment decision. If any of these risks occur, our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected, in which case the price of our common stock could decline significantly and you could lose all or a part of your investment. The risk factors described below are not the only risks that may affect us. RISKS RELATING TO OUR BUSINESS AND GROWTH STRATEGY WE WERE FORMED IN AUGUST 2003 AND HAVE A LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY; OUR MANAGEMENT HAS A LIMITED HISTORY OF OPERATING A REIT AND A PUBLIC COMPANY AND MAY THEREFORE HAVE DIFFICULTY IN SUCCESSFULLY AND PROFITABLY OPERATING OUR BUSINESS. We have only recently been organized and have a limited operating history. We are subject to the risks generally associated with the formation of any new business, including unproven business models, untested plans, uncertain market acceptance and competition with established businesses. Our management has limited experience in operating a REIT and a public company. Therefore, you should be especially cautious in drawing conclusions about the ability of our management team to execute our business plan. WE MAY NOT BE SUCCESSFUL IN DEPLOYING THE NET PROCEEDS OF THIS OFFERING FOR THEIR INTENDED USES AS QUICKLY AS WE INTEND OR AT ALL, WHICH COULD HARM OUR CASH FLOW AND ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Upon completion of this offering, we will experience a capital infusion from the net offering proceeds, which we intend to use to acquire or develop additional net-leased facilities. If we are unable to use the net proceeds in this manner, we will have no specific designated use for a substantial portion of the net proceeds from this offering and you would be unable to evaluate the manner in which we invest the net proceeds or the economic merits of the assets acquired with the proceeds. We may not be able to invest this capital on acceptable terms or timeframes or at all, which may harm our cash flow and ability to make distributions to our stockholders. WE MAY BE UNABLE TO ACQUIRE OR DEVELOP THE PENDING ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES, WHICH COULD HARM OUR FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Our future success depends in large part on our ability to continue to grow our business through the acquisition or development of additional facilities. We cannot assure you that we will acquire or develop any of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities on the terms described, or at all, because each of these transactions is subject to a variety of conditions, including, in the case of facilities under contract, our satisfactory completion of due diligence and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including the obtaining of any required government approvals and consents and, in the case of facilities under letters of commitment, execution of mutually-acceptable definitive agreements, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals and other third-party reports, receipt of government and third-party approvals and consents, approval by our board of directors and other customary closing conditions. In addition, our development of one of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities is dependent upon our proposed tenant's completion of the acquisition of the property on which the facilities are to be built from the current owner. We have incurred losses of $585,345 in connection with acquisitions that we were unable to complete, consisting primarily of legal fees, costs of third-party reports and travel expenses. If we are unsuccessful in completing the acquisition or development of additional facilities in the future, we will incur similar costs without achieving corresponding revenues, our future operating results will not meet expectations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected. 17
WE MAY NOT CONSUMMATE THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY OUR OTHER LETTERS OF COMMITMENT, WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. We have entered into letters of commitment for a $20.0 million expansion of the Desert Valley Facility and a commitment to fund $50.0 million to DSI. Our funding of the expansion is subject to receipt of a development agreement, which we may not execute until February 28, 2006. If we enter into a development agreement, we may not begin construction on the expansion for several months after that time and the expansion could take up to approximately one year to complete. Any acquisition or development of facilities pursuant to the DSI commitment is subject to DSI's identification, and our approval, of acquisition or development facilities. We have also entered into letters of commitment with two of our tenants to acquire hospital facilities in California for an aggregate amount of $45.8 million, subject to our tenants' acquisition of those facilities. One of those potential tenants only has a non-binding letter on intent to acquire the property we intend to purchase from it and the other has no agreement or letter of intent to acquire the property. Each of these commitments is subject to a number of additional conditions. Thus we may not engage in any of these transactions in the near future, or at all, and may not in the near future, or ever, generate any revenues from these commitments. WE MAY BE UNABLE TO ACQUIRE OR DEVELOP ANY OF THE FACILITIES WE HAVE UNDER NON-BINDING LETTERS OF INTENT OR FACILITIES WE HAVE IDENTIFIED AS POTENTIAL CANDIDATES FOR ACQUISITION OR DEVELOPMENT, WHICH COULD HARM OUR FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. As of , 2005, we had entered into non-binding letters of intent for the acquisition or development of facilities having an estimated aggregate gross purchase price or development cost of approximately $ million and we have identified numerous other facilities that we believe would be suitable candidates for acquisition or development; however, none of these facilities is under a letter of commitment or contract and we cannot assure you that we will be successful in completing the acquisition or development of any of these facilities. Consummation of any of these acquisitions is subject to, among other things, the willingness of the parties to proceed with a contemplated transaction, negotiation of mutually acceptable definitive agreements, satisfactory completion of due diligence and satisfaction of customary closing conditions. If we are unsuccessful in completing the acquisition or development of additional facilities in the future, our future operating results will not meet expectations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders will be adversely affected. WE EXPECT TO CONTINUE TO EXPERIENCE RAPID GROWTH AND MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ADAPT OUR MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS TO INTEGRATE THE NET-LEASED FACILITIES WE HAVE ACQUIRED AND ARE DEVELOPING OR THOSE THAT WE MAY ACQUIRE OR DEVELOP IN THE FUTURE WITHOUT UNANTICIPATED DISRUPTION OR EXPENSE. We are currently experiencing a period of rapid growth. We cannot assure you that we will be able to adapt our management, administrative, accounting and operational systems, or hire and retain sufficient operational staff, to integrate and manage the facilities we have acquired and are developing and those that we may acquire or develop. Our failure to successfully integrate and manage our current portfolio of facilities or any future acquisitions or developments could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. WE MAY BE UNABLE TO ACCESS CAPITAL, WHICH WOULD SLOW OUR GROWTH. Our business plan contemplates growth through acquisitions and developments of facilities. As a REIT, we are required to make cash distributions which reduces our ability to fund acquisitions and developments with retained earnings. We are dependent on acquisition financings and access to the capital markets for cash to make investments in new facilities. Due to market or other conditions, there will be times when we will have limited access to capital from the equity and debt markets. During such periods, virtually all of our available capital will be required to meet existing commitments and to reduce existing debt. We may not be able to obtain additional equity or debt capital or dispose of assets, on favorable terms, if at all, at the time we need additional capital to acquire healthcare properties on a competitive basis or to meet our obligations. Our ability to grow through acquisitions and developments will be limited 18
if we are unable to obtain debt or equity financing, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. DEPENDENCE ON OUR TENANTS FOR RENT MAY ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. We expect to qualify as a REIT and, accordingly, as a REIT operating in the healthcare industry, we are not permitted by current tax law to operate or manage the businesses conducted in our facilities. Accordingly, we rely almost exclusively on rent payments from our tenants for cash with which to make distributions to our stockholders. We have no control over the success or failure of these tenants' businesses. Significant adverse changes in the operations of any facility, or the financial condition of any tenant, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to collect rent payments and, accordingly, on our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. Facility management by our tenants and their compliance with state and federal healthcare laws could have a material impact on our tenants' operating and financial condition and, in turn, their ability to pay rent to us. Failure on the part of a tenant to comply materially with the terms of a lease could give us the right to terminate our lease with that tenant, repossess the applicable facility, cross default certain other leases with that tenant and enforce the payment obligations under the lease. However, we then would be required to find another tenant-operator. On March 31, 2005, the leases for the Vibra Facilities were amended to provide (i) that the testing of certain financial covenants will be deferred until the quarter beginning July 1, 2006 and ending September 30, 2006, (ii) that these same financial covenants will be tested on a consolidated basis for all of the Vibra Facilities, (iii) that the reduction, based on loan principal reductions, in the rate of percentage rent will be made on a monthly rather than annual basis and (iv) that Vibra will escrow insurance premiums and taxes at our request. Prior to execution of this amendment, Vibra was not in compliance with certain of the financial covenants in all of its leases with us. The transfer of most types of healthcare facilities is highly regulated, which may result in delays and increased costs in locating a suitable replacement tenant. The sale or lease of these properties to entities other than healthcare operators may be difficult due to the added cost and time of refitting the properties. If we are unable to re-let the properties to healthcare operators, we may be forced to sell the properties at a loss due to the repositioning expenses likely to be incurred by non-healthcare purchasers. Alternatively, we may be required to spend substantial amounts to adapt the facility to other uses. There can be no assurance that we would be able to find another tenant in a timely fashion, or at all, or that, if another tenant were found, we would be able to enter into a new lease on favorable terms. Defaults by our tenants under our leases may adversely affect the timing of and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. FAILURE BY OUR TENANTS TO REPAY LOANS CURRENTLY OUTSTANDING OR LOANS WE HAVE COMMITTED TO MAKE OR TO PAY US COMMITMENT OR OTHER FEES THAT THEY ARE OBLIGATED TO PAY, IN AN AGGREGATE AMOUNT OF APPROXIMATELY $44.1 MILLION, WOULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR REVENUES AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. In connection with the acquisition of the Vibra Facilities, our taxable REIT subsidiary has made a secured loan to Vibra of approximately $41.4 million to acquire the operations at the Vibra Facilities. Payment of this loan is secured by pledges of equity interests in Vibra and its subsidiaries that are tenants of ours. The Vibra leases and loan are cross-defaulted. If Vibra defaulted on this loan, our primary recourse would be to foreclose on the equity interests in Vibra and its affiliates. This recourse may be impractical because of limitations imposed by the REIT tax rules on our ability to own these interests. Failure to adhere to these limitations could cause us to lose our REIT status. Although we also have guaranties of the acquisition loan from three affiliates of Vibra, two of the guarantors do not have substantial assets and the liability of the third guarantor is limited to $5.0 million. Accordingly, in the event that we must rely on these guaranties to recover our investments in the Vibra acquisition loan, the the guarantors' assets may be insufficient for us to recover the amounts due to us under this loan. Vibra has entered into a $14 million credit facility with Merrill Lynch, and that loan is secured by an interest in 19
Vibra's receivables. There was approximately $11 million outstanding under the facility on March 31, 2005. Our loan is subordinate to Merrill Lynch with respect to Vibra's receivables. We have also agreed to make a working capital loan to Stealth of up to $1.62 million, although no amounts have been loaned to date. Stealth also owes us commitment and other fees of approximately $1.1 million. Payment of these fees and loan amounts is unsecured. We have also agreed to make a mortgage loan in the amount of $8.0 million to Hammond Properties. We are dependent upon the ability of these two tenants and Hammond Properties to repay these loans and fees. Failure by these tenants or Hammond Properties to meet these obligations would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. ACCOUNTING RULES MAY REQUIRE CONSOLIDATION OF ENTITIES IN WHICH WE INVEST AND OTHER ADJUSTMENTS TO OUR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. The Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued FASB Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (ARB No. 51)," in January 2003, and a further interpretation of FIN 46 in December 2003 (FIN 46-R, and collectively FIN 46). FIN 46 clarifies the application of ARB No. 51, "Consolidated Financial Statements," to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, referred to as variable interest entities. FIN 46 generally requires consolidation by the party that has a majority of the risk and/or rewards, referred to as the primary beneficiary. FIN 46 applies immediately to variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003. Under certain circumstances, generally accepted accounting principles may require us to account for loans to thinly capitalized companies such as Vibra as equity investments. The resulting accounting treatment of certain income and expense items may adversely affect our results of operations, and consolidation of balance sheet amounts may adversely affect any loan covenants. THE BANKRUPTCY OR INSOLVENCY OF OUR TENANTS UNDER OUR LEASES COULD SERIOUSLY HARM OUR OPERATING RESULTS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION. Two of our existing tenants, Stealth and Vibra, are, and some of our prospective tenants may be, newly organized, have limited or no operating history and may be dependent on loans from us to acquire the facility's operations and for initial working capital. Any bankruptcy filings by or relating to one of our tenants could bar us from collecting pre-bankruptcy debts from that tenant or their property, unless we receive an order permitting us to do so from the bankruptcy court. A tenant bankruptcy could delay our efforts to collect past due balances under our leases and loans, and could ultimately preclude collection of these sums. If a lease is assumed by a tenant in bankruptcy, we expect that all pre-bankruptcy balances due under the lease would be paid to us in full. However, if a lease is rejected by a tenant in bankruptcy, we would have only a general unsecured claim for damages. Any secured claims we have against our tenants may only be paid to the extent of the value of the collateral, which may not cover any or all of our losses. Any unsecured claim we hold against a bankrupt entity may be paid only to the extent that funds are available and only in the same percentage as is paid to all other holders of unsecured claims. We may recover none or substantially less than the full value of any unsecured claims, which would harm our financial condition. OUR FACILITIES ARE CURRENTLY LEASED TO ONLY THREE TENANTS, TWO OF WHICH WERE RECENTLY ORGANIZED AND HAVE LIMITED OR NO OPERATING HISTORIES, AND FAILURE OF ANY OF THESE TENANTS AND THE GUARANTORS OF THEIR LEASES TO MEET THEIR OBLIGATIONS TO US WOULD HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR REVENUES AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Our existing facilities and the facilities we have under development are currently leased to subsidiaries of Vibra, DVH and Stealth. Vibra and Stealth are recently organized, have limited or no operating histories and Vibra was dependent on us for an aggregate amount of $47.6 million in loans to acquire operations at the facilities and for initial working capital needs. As of December 31, 2004, Vibra had total 20
assets of approximately $59 million (of which approximately $28.8 million were goodwill and other intangible assets), total liabilities of approximately $62.8 million, a deficit in owner's capital of approximately $3.8 million, and for the period from inception through December 31, 2004 had a loss from operations of approximately $5.1 million and a net loss of approximately $3.8 million. Stealth had approximately $5.7 million in equity as of December 31, 2004 and will have substantial pre-opening and start-up costs upon completion of construction of its facilities. We cannot assure you that, should Stealth's equity be insufficient to cover its costs, it could access additional debt or equity financing. Each Vibra lease is guaranteed by Brad E. Hollinger, chief executive officer of The Hollinger Group, Vibra, Vibra Management, LLC and The Hollinger Group, although The Hollinger Group and Vibra Management, LLC do not have substantial assets and the liability of Mr. Hollinger is limited to $5.0 million. As of December 31, 2004, DVH had tangible assets of approximately $18.4 million, liabilities of approximately $18.4 million and $0 stockholders' equity, and for the year ended December 31, 2004 had net income of approximately $8.3 million. The lease for the Desert Valley Facility is guaranteed by Desert Valley Health System, Inc., Desert Valley Medical Group, Inc. and Prime A Investments, LLC. If any of our tenants were to experience financial difficulties, the tenant may not be able to pay its rent. Guarantors of our leases with Vibra and DVH may not have sufficient assets for us to recover amounts due to us under these leases. The failure of our tenants and their guarantors to meet their obligations to us would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. OUR BUSINESS IS HIGHLY COMPETITIVE AND WE MAY BE UNABLE TO COMPETE SUCCESSFULLY. We compete for development opportunities and opportunities to purchase healthcare facilities with, among others: - private investors; - healthcare providers, including physicians; - other REITs; - real estate partnerships; - financial institutions; and - local developers. Many of these competitors have substantially greater financial and other resources than we have and may have better relationships with lenders and sellers. Competition for healthcare facilities from competitors, including other REITs, may adversely affect our ability to acquire or develop healthcare facilities and the prices we pay for those facilities. If we are unable to acquire or develop facilities or if we pay too much for facilities, our revenue and earnings growth and financial return could be materially adversely affected. Certain of our facilities and additional facilities we may acquire or develop will face competition from other nearby facilities that provide services comparable to those offered at our facilities and additional facilities we may acquire or develop. Some of those facilities are owned by governmental agencies and supported by tax revenues, and others are owned by tax-exempt corporations and may be supported to a large extent by endowments and charitable contributions. Those types of support are not available to our facilities and additional facilities we may acquire or develop. In addition, competing healthcare facilities located in the areas served by our facilities and additional facilities we may acquire or develop may provide healthcare services that are not available at our facilities and additional facilities we may acquire or develop. From time to time, referral sources, including physicians and managed care organizations, may change the healthcare facilities to which they refer patients, which could adversely affect our rental revenues. 21
OUR USE OF DEBT FINANCING WILL SUBJECT US TO SIGNIFICANT RISKS, INCLUDING REFINANCING RISK AND THE RISK OF INSUFFICIENT CASH AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Our charter and other organizational documents do not limit the amount of debt we may incur. We have targeted our debt level at up to approximately 60% of our aggregate facility acquisition and development costs. However, we may modify our target debt level at any time without stockholder or board of director approval. We cannot assure you that our use of financial leverage will prove to be beneficial. We borrowed $75 million from Merrill Lynch Capital under a loan agreement. We have also entered into loan agreements with Colonial Bank for construction loans in an aggregate amount of $43.4 million. As of March 31, 2005, we had $74.1 million of long-term debt outstanding. We may borrow from other lenders in the future, or we may issue corporate debt securities in public or private offerings. The loans from Merrill Lynch Capital and Colonial Bank are secured by the Vibra Facilities and our facilities under construction in Houston, Texas, respectively. Some of our other borrowings in the future may be secured by additional facilities we may acquire or develop. In addition, in connection with debt financing from Merrill Lynch Capital and Colonial Bank we are, and in connection with other debt financing in the future we may be, subject to covenants that may restrict our operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to meet our debt payment obligations or restrictive covenants and, to the extent that we cannot, we risk the loss of some or all of our facilities to foreclosure. In addition, debt service obligations will reduce the amount of cash available for distribution to our stockholders. We anticipate that much of our debt will be non-amortizing and payable in balloon payments. Therefore, we will likely need to refinance at least a portion of that debt as it matures. There is a risk that we may not be able to refinance then-existing debt or that the terms of any refinancing will not be as favorable as the terms of the then-existing debt. If principal payments due at maturity cannot be refinanced, extended or repaid with proceeds from other sources, such as new equity capital or sales of facilities, our cash flow may not be sufficient to repay all maturing debt in years when significant balloon payments come due. Additionally, we may incur significant penalties if we choose to prepay the debt. FAILURE TO HEDGE EFFECTIVELY AGAINST INTEREST RATE CHANGES MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Upon completion of this offering, we expect to have $ in variable interest rate debt. We may seek to manage our exposure to interest rate volatility by using interest rate hedging arrangements that involve risk, including the risk that counterparties may fail to honor their obligations under these arrangements, that these arrangements may not be effective in reducing our exposure to interest rate changes and that these arrangements may result in higher interest rates than we would otherwise have. Moreover, no hedging activity can completely insulate us from the risks associated with changes in interest rates. Failure to hedge effectively against interest rate changes may materially adversely affect results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. OUR CURRENT TENANTS HAVE, AND PROSPECTIVE TENANTS MAY HAVE, AN OPTION TO PURCHASE THE FACILITIES WE LEASE TO THEM WHICH COULD DISRUPT OUR OPERATIONS. Our current tenants have, and some prospective tenants will have, the option to purchase the facilities we lease to them. At the expiration of each Vibra lease, each tenant will have the option to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, determined assuming the lease is still in place, or (ii) the purchase price we paid for the facility, including acquisition costs, increased by 2.5% per year from the date of purchase. At any time after February 28, 2007, so long as DVH, and its affiliates are not in default under any lease with us or any of the leases with its subtenants, DVH will have the option, upon 90 days' prior written notice, to purchase the Desert Valley Facility at a purchase price equal to the sum of (i) the purchase price of the facility, and (ii) that amount determined under a formula that would provide us an internal rate of return of 10% per year, increased by 2% of such percentage each year, taking into account all payments of base rent received by us. If during the term of the lease we receive from the previous owner or any of its affiliates, a written offer to purchase the Desert Valley Facility and we are willing to accept the offer, so long as DVH and its affiliates are not in default under any lease with us or any of the subleases with its subtenants, we must first present the 22
offer to DVH and allow DVH the right to purchase the facility upon the same price, terms and conditions as set forth in the offer; however, if the offer is made after February 28, 2007, in lieu of exercising its right of first refusal, DVH may exercise its option to purchase as provided above. After the first full 12 month period after construction of the West Houston MOB and the West Houston Hospital, respectively, as long as Stealth is not in default under either of its leases with us or any of the leases with its physician subtenants, it has the right to purchase the West Houston MOB or the West Houston Hospital at a price equal to the greater of (i) that amount determined under a formula that would provide us an internal rate of return of at least 18% and (ii) the appraised value based on a 15 year lease in place. Upon written notice to us within 90 days of the expiration of the applicable lease, as long as Stealth is not in default under either of its leases with us or any of the leases with its physician subtenants, Stealth will have the option to purchase the West Houston MOB or the West Houston Hospital at a price equal to the greater of (i) the total development costs (including any capital additions funded by us, but excluding any capital additions funded by Stealth) increased by 2.5% per year, and (ii) the appraised value based on a 15 year lease in place. The Stealth leases also provide that under certain limited circumstances, Stealth will have the right to present us with a choice of one out of three proposed exchange facilities to be substituted for the leased facility. All of our arrangements which provide or will provide tenants the option to purchase the facilities we lease to them are subject to regulatory requirements that such purchases be at fair market value. We cannot assure you that the formulas we have developed for setting the purchase price will yield a fair market value purchase price. Any purchase not at fair market value may present risks of challenge from healthcare regulatory authorities. In the event our tenants and prospective tenants determine to purchase the facilities they lease either during the lease term or after their expiration, the timing of those purchases will be outside of our control and we may not be able to re-invest the capital on as favorable terms, or at all. Any of these purchases would disrupt our cash flow by eliminating lease payments from these tenants. Our inability to effectively manage the turn-over of our facilities could materially adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan and our results of operations. PROPERTY OWNED IN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES AND PARTNERSHIPS IN WHICH WE ARE NOT THE SOLE EQUITY HOLDER MAY LIMIT OUR ABILITY TO ACT EXCLUSIVELY IN OUR INTERESTS. We own, and in the future expect to own, interests in our facilities through wholly or majority owned subsidiaries of our operating partnership. Stealth, L.P., the tenant of our West Houston Hospital, owns a 6% limited partnership interest in MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P., which owns the West Houston Hospital. We have sold limited partnership interests in MPT West Houston MOB, L.P., the entity that owns our West Houston MOB, to physicians and others associated with our tenant or subtenants of the West Houston MOB. We may offer limited liability company and limited partnership interests to tenants, subtenants and physicians in the future. Investments in partnerships, limited liability companies or other entities with co-owners may, under certain circumstances, involve risks not present were a co-owner not involved, including the possibility that partners or other co-owners might become bankrupt or fail to fund their share of required capital contributions. Partners or other co-owners may have economic or other business interests or goals that are inconsistent with our business interests or goals, and may be in a position to take actions contrary to our policies or objectives. Such investments may also have potential risks pertaining to healthcare regulatory compliance, particularly when partners or other co-owners are physicians, and of impasses on major decisions, such as sales or mergers, because neither we nor our partners or other co-owners would have full control over the partnership, limited liability company or other entity. Disputes between us and our partners or other co-owners may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and directors from focusing their time and effort on our business. Consequently, actions by or disputes with our partners or other co-owners might result in subjecting facilities owned by the partnership, limited liability company or other entity to additional risk. In addition, we may in certain circumstances be liable for the actions of our partners or other co-owners. The occurrence of any of the foregoing events could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. 23
TERRORIST ATTACKS, SUCH AS THE ATTACKS THAT OCCURRED IN NEW YORK AND WASHINGTON, D.C. ON SEPTEMBER 11, 2001, U.S. MILITARY ACTION AND THE PUBLIC'S REACTION TO THE THREAT OF TERRORISM OR MILITARY ACTION COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND THE MARKET ON WHICH OUR COMMON STOCK WILL TRADE. There may be future terrorist threats or attacks against the United States or U.S. businesses. These attacks may directly impact the value of our facilities through damage, destruction, loss or increased security costs. Losses due to wars or terrorist attacks may be uninsurable, or insurance may not be available at a reasonable price. More generally, any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased volatility in the United States and worldwide financial markets and economies. RISKS RELATING TO REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS OUR REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS WILL BE CONCENTRATED IN NET-LEASED HEALTHCARE FACILITIES, MAKING US MORE VULNERABLE ECONOMICALLY THAN IF OUR INVESTMENTS WERE MORE DIVERSIFIED. We have acquired and are developing and expect to continue acquiring and developing net-leased healthcare facilities. We are subject to risks inherent in concentrating investments in real estate. The risks resulting from a lack of diversification become even greater as a result of our business strategy to invest in net-leased healthcare facilities. A downturn in the real estate industry could materially adversely affect the value of our facilities. A downturn in the healthcare industry could negatively affect our tenants' ability to make lease or loan payments to us and, consequently, our ability to meet debt service obligations or make distributions to our stockholders. These adverse effects could be more pronounced than if we diversified our investments outside of real estate or outside of healthcare facilities. OUR NET-LEASED FACILITIES AND TARGETED NET-LEASED FACILITIES MAY NOT HAVE EFFICIENT ALTERNATIVE USES, WHICH COULD IMPEDE OUR ABILITY TO FIND REPLACEMENT TENANTS IN THE EVENT OF TERMINATION OR DEFAULT UNDER OUR LEASES. All of the facilities in our current portfolio are and all of the facilities we acquire or develop in the future will be net-leased healthcare facilities. If we or our tenants terminate the leases for these facilities or if these tenants lose their regulatory authority to operate these facilities, we may not be able to locate suitable replacement tenants to lease the facilities for their specialized uses. Alternatively, we may be required to spend substantial amounts to adapt the facilities to other uses. Any loss of revenues or additional capital expenditures occurring as a result could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could hinder our ability to meet debt service obligations or make distributions to our stockholders. ILLIQUIDITY OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS COULD SIGNIFICANTLY IMPEDE OUR ABILITY TO RESPOND TO ADVERSE CHANGES IN THE PERFORMANCE OF OUR FACILITIES AND HARM OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION. Real estate investments are relatively illiquid. Our ability to quickly sell or exchange any of our facilities in response to changes in economic and other conditions will be limited. No assurances can be given that we will recognize full value for any facility that we are required to sell for liquidity reasons. Our inability to respond rapidly to changes in the performance of our investments could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION RISKS COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. We are developing a community hospital and an adjacent medical office building in Houston, Texas which we expect to complete in 2005. We have entered into letters of commitment and contracts to 24
develop properties in the future. Our development and related construction activities may subject us to the following risks: - we may have to compete for suitable development sites; - our ability to complete construction is dependent on there being no title, environmental or other legal proceedings arising during construction; - we may be subject to delays due to weather conditions, strikes and other contingencies beyond our control; - we may be unable to obtain, or suffer delays in obtaining, necessary zoning, land-use, building, occupancy healthcare regulatory and other required governmental permits and authorizations, which could result in increased costs, delays in construction, or our abandonment of these projects; - we may incur construction costs for a facility which exceed our original estimates due to increased costs for materials or labor or other costs that we did not anticipate; and - we may not be able to obtain financing on favorable terms, which may render us unable to proceed with our development activities. Additionally, the time frame required for development and construction of these facilities means that we may have to wait years for a significant cash return. Because we are required to make cash distributions to our stockholders, if the cash flow from operations or refinancings is not sufficient, we may be forced to borrow additional money to fund distributions. We cannot assure you that we will complete our current construction projects on time or within budget or that future development projects will not be subject to delays and cost overruns. Risks associated with our development projects may reduce anticipated rental revenue which could affect the timing of, and our ability to make, distributions to our stockholders. OUR FACILITIES MAY NOT ACHIEVE EXPECTED RESULTS OR WE MAY BE LIMITED IN OUR ABILITY TO FINANCE FUTURE ACQUISITIONS, WHICH MAY HARM OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION AND OPERATING RESULTS AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE THE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN OUR REIT STATUS. Acquisitions and developments entail risks that investments will fail to perform in accordance with expectations and that estimates of the costs of improvements necessary to acquire and develop facilities will prove inaccurate, as well as general investment risks associated with any new real estate investment. We anticipate that future acquisitions and developments will largely be financed through externally generated funds such as borrowings under credit facilities and other secured and unsecured debt financing and from issuances of equity securities. Because we must distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, excluding net capital gain, each year to maintain our qualification as a REIT, our ability to rely upon income from operations or cash flow from operations to finance our growth and acquisition activities will be limited. Accordingly, if we are unable to obtain funds from borrowings or the capital markets to finance our acquisition and development activities, our ability to grow would likely be curtailed, amounts available for distribution to stockholders could be adversely affected and we could be required to reduce distributions, thereby jeopardizing our ability to maintain our status as a REIT. Newly-developed or newly-renovated facilities do not have the operating history that would allow our management to make objective pricing decisions in acquiring these facilities (including facilities that may be acquired from certain of our executive officers, directors and their affiliates). The purchase prices of these facilities will be based in part upon projections by management as to the expected operating results of the facilities, subjecting us to risks that these facilities may not achieve anticipated operating results or may not achieve these results within anticipated time frames. IF WE SUFFER LOSSES THAT ARE NOT COVERED BY INSURANCE OR THAT ARE IN EXCESS OF OUR INSURANCE COVERAGE LIMITS, WE COULD LOSE INVESTMENT CAPITAL AND ANTICIPATED PROFITS. We have purchased general liability insurance (lessor's risk) that provides coverage for bodily injury and property damage to third parties resulting from our ownership of the healthcare facilities that are 25
leased to and occupied by our tenants. Our leases require our tenants to carry general liability, professional liability, loss of earnings, all risk, and extended coverage insurance in amounts sufficient to permit the replacement of the facility in the event of a total loss, subject to applicable deductibles. However, there are certain types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and acts of terrorism, that may be uninsurable or not insurable at a price we or our tenants can afford. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations and other factors also might make it impracticable to use insurance proceeds to replace a facility after it has been damaged or destroyed. Under such circumstances, the insurance proceeds we receive might not be adequate to restore our economic position with respect to the affected facility. If any of these or similar events occur, it may reduce our return from the facility and the value of our investment. CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR FACILITY RENOVATION MAY BE GREATER THAN ANTICIPATED AND MAY ADVERSELY IMPACT RENT PAYMENTS BY OUR TENANTS AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO STOCKHOLDERS. Facilities, particularly those that consist of older structures, have an ongoing need for renovations and other capital improvements, including periodic replacement of furniture, fixtures and equipment. Although our leases require our tenants to be primarily responsible for the cost of such expenditures, renovation of facilities involves certain risks, including the possibility of environmental problems, construction cost overruns and delays, uncertainties as to market demand or deterioration in market demand after commencement of renovation and the emergence of unanticipated competition from other facilities. All of these factors could adversely impact rent and loan payments by our tenants, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could adversely effect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. ALL OF OUR HEALTHCARE FACILITIES ARE SUBJECT TO PROPERTY TAXES THAT MAY INCREASE IN THE FUTURE AND ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR BUSINESS. Our facilities are subject to real and personal property taxes that may increase as property tax rates change and as the facilities are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Our leases generally provide that the property taxes are charged to our tenants as an expense related to the facilities that they occupy. As the owner of the facilities, however, we are ultimately responsible for payment of the taxes to the government. If property taxes increase, our tenants may be unable to make the required tax payments, ultimately requiring us to pay the taxes. If we incur these tax liabilities, our ability to make expected distributions to our stockholders could be adversely affected. OUR PERFORMANCE AND THE PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK WILL BE AFFECTED BY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY. Factors that may adversely affect the economic performance and price of our common stock include: - changes in the national, regional and local economic climate, including but not limited to changes in interest rates; - local conditions such as an oversupply of, or a reduction in demand for, rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, medical office buildings, specialty hospitals and treatment centers; - attractiveness of our facilities to healthcare providers and other types of tenants; and - competition from other rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care facilities, medical office buildings, outpatient treatment facilities, ambulatory surgery centers and specialty hospitals and treatment centers. 26
AS THE OWNER AND LESSOR OF REAL ESTATE, WE ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS, THE COST OF COMPLIANCE WITH WHICH AND ANY VIOLATION OF WHICH COULD MATERIALLY ADVERSELY AFFECT US. Our operating expenses could be higher than anticipated due to the cost of complying with existing and future environmental and occupational health and safety laws and regulations. Various environmental laws may impose liability on a current or prior owner or operator of real property for removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances. Current or prior owners or operators may also be liable for government fines and damages for injuries to persons, natural resources and adjacent property. These environmental laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence or disposal of the hazardous or toxic substances. The cost of complying with environmental laws could materially adversely affect amounts available for distribution to our stockholders and could exceed the value of all of our facilities. In addition, the presence of hazardous or toxic substances, or the failure of our tenants to properly dispose of or remediate such substances, including medical waste generated by physicians and our other healthcare tenants, may adversely affect our tenants or our ability to use, sell or rent such property or to borrow using such property as collateral which, in turn, could reduce our revenue and our financing ability. We have obtained on all facilities we have acquired and are developing and intend to obtain on all future facilities we acquire Phase I environmental assessments. However, even if the Phase I environmental assessment reports do not reveal any material environmental contamination, it is possible that material environmental liabilities may exist of which we are unaware. In April 2003, Stealth, which then owned the property on which the West Houston Facilities are being constructed, arranged for a Phase I environmental assessment to be performed. The assessor recommended further investigation based on field screening of soil samples collected during a geotechnical investigation. Accordingly, the tenant arranged for a Phase II environmental soil sampling to be performed in June 2003 to assess shallow soils for the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds. Based on the findings of this sampling, the tenant was advised that no further tests were warranted and that the property was suitable for the proposed development. Although the leases for our facilities generally require our tenants to comply with laws and regulations governing their operations, including the disposal of medical waste, and to indemnify us for certain environmental liabilities, the scope of their obligations may be limited. We cannot assure you that our tenants would be able to fulfill their indemnification obligations. In addition, environmental and occupational health and safety laws constantly are evolving, and changes in laws, regulations or policies, or changes in interpretations of the foregoing, could create liabilities where none exists today. COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLYING WITH THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT OF 1993 MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION AND OPERATING RESULTS. Under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1993, all public accommodations are required to meet certain federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. While our facilities are generally in compliance with these requirements, a determination that we are not in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1993 could result in imposition of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. In addition, changes in governmental rules and regulations or enforcement policies affecting the use and operation of the facilities, including changes to building codes and fire and life-safety codes, may occur. If we are required to make substantial modifications at our facilities to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1993 or other changes in governmental rules and regulations, this may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. OUR FACILITIES MAY CONTAIN OR DEVELOP HARMFUL MOLD OR SUFFER FROM OTHER AIR QUALITY ISSUES, WHICH COULD LEAD TO LIABILITY FOR ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS AND COSTS OF REMEDIATING THE PROBLEM. When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur, particularly if the moisture problem remains undiscovered or is not addressed over a period of time. Some 27
molds may produce airborne toxins or irritants. Indoor air quality issues can also stem from inadequate ventilation, chemical contamination from indoor or outdoor sources and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses and bacteria. Indoor exposure to airborne toxins or irritants above certain levels can be alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, including allergic or other reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants at any of our facilities could require us to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants from the affected facilities or increase indoor ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could expose us to liability from our tenants, employees of our tenants and others if property damage or health concerns arise. OUR INTERESTS IN FACILITIES THROUGH GROUND LEASES EXPOSE US TO THE LOSS OF THE FACILITY UPON BREACH OR TERMINATION OF THE GROUND LEASE AND MAY LIMIT OUR USE OF THE FACILITY. We have acquired our interest in one of our facilities by acquiring a leasehold interest in the land on which the facility is located rather than an ownership interest in the facility, and we may acquire additional facilities in the future through ground leases. As lessee under ground leases, we are exposed to the possibility of losing the property upon termination, or an earlier breach by us, of the ground lease. Ground leases may also restrict our use of facilities. Our current ground lease in Marlton, New Jersey limits our use of the property to operation of a 76 bed rehabilitation hospital. This restriction and any similar future restrictions in ground leases will limit our flexibility in renting the facility and may impede our ability to sell the property. RISKS RELATING TO THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY REDUCTIONS IN REIMBURSEMENT FROM THIRD-PARTY PAYORS, INCLUDING MEDICARE AND MEDICAID, COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE PROFITABILITY OF OUR TENANTS AND HINDER THEIR ABILITY TO MAKE RENT PAYMENTS TO US. Sources of revenue for our tenants and operators may include the federal Medicare program, state Medicaid programs, private insurance carriers and health maintenance organizations, among others. Efforts by such payors to reduce healthcare costs will likely continue, which may result in reductions or slower growth in reimbursement for certain services provided by some of our tenants. In addition, the failure of any of our tenants to comply with various laws and regulations could jeopardize their ability to continue participating in Medicare, Medicaid and other government-sponsored payment programs. The healthcare industry continues to face various challenges, including increased government and private payor pressure on healthcare providers to control or reduce costs. We believe that our tenants will continue to experience a shift in payor mix away from fee-for-service payors, resulting in an increase in the percentage of revenues attributable to managed care payors, government payors and general industry trends that include pressures to control healthcare costs. Pressures to control healthcare costs and a shift away from traditional health insurance reimbursement have resulted in an increase in the number of patients whose healthcare coverage is provided under managed care plans, such as health maintenance organizations and preferred provider organizations. In addition, due to the aging of the population and the expansion of governmental payor programs, we anticipate that there will be a marked increase in the number of patients reliant on healthcare coverage provided by governmental payors. These changes could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of some or all of our tenants, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could negatively affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY IS HEAVILY REGULATED AND EXISTING AND NEW LAWS OR REGULATIONS, CHANGES TO EXISTING LAWS OR REGULATIONS, LOSS OF LICENSURE OR CERTIFICATION OR FAILURE TO OBTAIN LICENSURE OR CERTIFICATION COULD RESULT IN THE INABILITY OF OUR TENANTS TO MAKE LEASE PAYMENTS TO US. The healthcare industry is highly regulated by federal, state and local laws, and is directly affected by federal conditions of participation, state licensing requirements, facility inspections, state and federal 28
reimbursement policies, regulations concerning capital and other expenditures, certification requirements and other such laws, regulations and rules. In addition, establishment of healthcare facilities and transfers of operations of healthcare facilities are subject to regulatory approvals not required for establishment of or transfers of other types of commercial operations and real estate. Sanctions for failure to comply with these regulations and laws include, but are not limited to, loss of or inability to obtain licensure, fines and loss of or inability to obtain certification to participate in the Medicare and Medicaid programs, as well as potential criminal penalties. The failure of any tenant to comply with such laws, requirements and regulations could affect its ability to establish or continue its operation of the facility or facilities and could adversely affect the tenant's ability to make lease payments to us which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could negatively affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. In addition, restrictions and delays in transferring the operations of healthcare facilities, in obtaining new third-party payor contracts including Medicare and Medicaid provider agreements, and in receiving licensure and certification approval from appropriate state and federal agencies by new tenants may affect our ability to terminate lease agreements, remove tenants that violate lease terms, and replace existing tenants with new tenants. Furthermore, these matters may affect new tenants ability to obtain reimbursement for services rendered, which could adversely affect their ability to pay rent to us and to pay principal and interest on their loans from us. ADVERSE TRENDS IN HEALTHCARE PROVIDER OPERATIONS MAY NEGATIVELY AFFECT OUR LEASE REVENUES AND OUR ABILITY TO MAKE DISTRIBUTIONS TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. We believe that the healthcare industry is currently experiencing: - changes in the demand for and methods of delivering healthcare services; - changes in third-party reimbursement policies; - significant unused capacity in certain areas, which has created substantial competition for patients among healthcare providers in those areas; - continuing pressure by private and governmental payors to reduce payments to providers of services; and - increased scrutiny by federal and state authorities of billing, referral and other practices. These factors may adversely affect the economic performance of some or all of our tenants and, in turn, our revenues. Accordingly, these factors could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and could negatively affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. OUR TENANTS ARE SUBJECT TO FRAUD AND ABUSE LAWS, THE VIOLATION OF WHICH BY A TENANT MAY JEOPARDIZE THE TENANT'S ABILITY TO MAKE LEASE AND LOAN PAYMENTS TO US. The federal government and numerous state governments have passed laws and regulations that attempt to eliminate healthcare fraud and abuse by prohibiting business arrangements that induce patient referrals or the ordering of specific ancillary services. In addition, the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 strengthened the federal anti-fraud and abuse laws to provide for stiffer penalties for violations. Violations of these laws may result in the imposition of criminal and civil penalties, including possible exclusion from federal and state healthcare programs. Imposition of any of these penalties upon any of our tenants could jeopardize any tenant's ability to operate a facility or to make lease and loan payments, thereby potentially adversely affecting us. In the past several years, federal and state governments have significantly increased investigation and enforcement activity to detect and eliminate fraud and abuse in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. In addition, legislation has been adopted at both state and federal levels which severely restricts the ability of physicians to refer patients to entities in which they have a financial interest. It is anticipated that the trend toward increased investigation and enforcement activity in the area of fraud and abuse, as well as 29
self-referrals, will continue in future years and could adversely affect our prospective tenants and their operations, and in turn their ability to make lease and loan payments to us. We cannot assure you that we will meet all the conditions for the safe harbor for space rental in structuring lease arrangements involving facilities in which local physicians are investors and tenants, and it is unlikely that we will meet all conditions for the safe harbor in those instances in which percentage rent is contemplated and we have physician investors. In addition, federal regulations require that our tenants with purchase options pay fair market value purchase prices for facilities in which we have physician investment. We cannot assure you that all of our purchase options will be at fair market value. Any purchase not at fair market value may present risks of challenge from healthcare regulatory authorities. Vibra has accepted, and prospective tenants may accept, an assignment of the previous operator's Medicare provider agreement. Vibra and other new-operator tenants that take assignment of Medicare provider agreements might be subject to federal or state regulatory, civil and criminal investigations of the previous owner's operations and claims submissions. While we conduct due diligence in connection with the acquisition of such facilities, these types of issues may not be discovered prior to purchase. Adverse decisions, fines or recoupments might negatively impact our tenants' financial condition. CERTAIN OF OUR LEASE ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE SUBJECT TO FRAUD AND ABUSE OR PHYSICIAN SELF-REFERRAL LAWS. Local physician investment in our operating partnership or our subsidiaries that own our facilities could subject our lease arrangements to scrutiny under fraud and abuse and physician self-referral laws. Under the federal Ethics in Patient Referrals Act of 1989, or Stark Law, and regulations adopted thereunder, if our lease arrangements do not satisfy the requirements of an applicable exception, that noncompliance could adversely affect the ability of our tenants to bill for services provided to Medicare beneficiaries pursuant to referrals from physician investors and subject us and our tenants to fines, which could impact their ability to make lease and loan payments to us. On March 26, 2004 CMS issued Phase II final rules under the Stark Law, which, together with the 2001 Phase I final rules, set forth CMS' current interpretation and application of the Stark Law prohibition on referrals of designated health services, or DHS. These rules provide us additional guidance on application of the Stark Law through the implementation of "bright-line" tests, including additional regulations regarding the indirect compensation exception, but do not eliminate the risk that our lease arrangements and business strategy of physician investment may violate the Stark Law. Finally, the Phase II rules implemented an 18-month moratorium on physician investment in specialty hospitals imposed by the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act. We intend to use our good faith efforts to structure our lease arrangements to comply with these laws; however, if we are unable to do so, this failure may restrict our ability to permit physician investment or, where such physicians do participate, may restrict the types of lease arrangements into which we may enter, including our ability to enter into percentage rent arrangements. STATE CERTIFICATE OF NEED LAWS MAY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR DEVELOPMENT OF FACILITIES AND THE OPERATIONS OF OUR TENANTS. Certain healthcare facilities in which we invest may also be subject to state laws which require regulatory approval in the form of a certificate of need prior to initiation of certain projects, including, but not limited to, the establishment of new or replacement facilities, the addition of beds, the addition or expansion of services and certain capital expenditures. State certificate of need laws are not uniform throughout the United States and are subject to change. We cannot predict the impact of state certificate of need laws on our development of facilities or the operations of our tenants. In addition, certificate of need laws often materially impact the ability of competitors to enter into the marketplace of our facilities. Finally, in limited circumstances, loss of state licensure or certification or closure of a facility could ultimately result in loss of authority to operate the facility and require re-licensure or new certificate of need authorization to re-institute operations. As a result, a portion of the value of the facility may be related to the limitation on new competitors. In the event of a change in the certificate of need laws, this value may markedly decrease. 30
RISKS RELATING TO OUR ORGANIZATION AND STRUCTURE PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW, OUR CHARTER AND OUR BYLAWS MAY PREVENT OR DETER CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT AND THIRD-PARTY ACQUISITION PROPOSALS THAT YOU MAY BELIEVE TO BE IN YOUR BEST INTEREST, DEPRESS OUR STOCK PRICE OR CAUSE DILUTION. Our charter contains ownership limitations that may restrict business combination opportunities, inhibit change of control transactions and reduce the value of our stock. To qualify as a REIT under the Code, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock, after taking into account options to acquire stock, may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer persons during the last half of each taxable year, other than our first REIT taxable year. Our charter generally prohibits direct or indirect ownership by any person of more than 9.8% in value or in number, whichever is more restrictive, of outstanding shares of any class or series of our securities, including our common stock. Generally, common stock owned by affiliated owners will be aggregated for purposes of the ownership limitation. Any transfer of our common stock that would violate the ownership limitation will be null and void, and the intended transferee will acquire no rights in such stock. Instead, such common stock will be designated as "shares-in-trust" and transferred automatically to a trust effective on the day before the purported transfer of such stock. The beneficiary of that trust will be one or more charitable organizations named by us. The ownership limitation could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control or other transaction in which holders of common stock might receive a premium for their common stock over the then-current market price or which such holders otherwise might believe to be in their best interests. The ownership limitation provisions also may make our common stock an unsuitable investment vehicle for any person seeking to obtain, either alone or with others as a group, ownership of more than 9.8% of either the value or number of the outstanding shares of our common stock. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may waive or modify, subject to limitations, the ownership limit with respect to one or more stockholders if it is satisfied that ownership in excess of their limit will not jeopardize our status as a REIT. See "Description of Capital Stock -- Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer." Certain provisions of Maryland law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of our company. Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or the MGCL, could have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change of control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of shares of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of such shares, including: - "business combination" provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between us and an "interested stockholder" (defined generally as a person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our shares or an affiliate thereof) for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder, and thereafter imposes special appraisal rights and special stockholder voting requirements on these combinations; and - "control share" provisions that provide that "control shares" of our company (defined as shares which, when aggregated with other shares controlled by the stockholder, entitle the stockholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing directors) acquired in a "control share acquisition" (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of "control shares") have no voting rights except to the extent approved by our stockholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all interested shares. We have opted out of these provisions of the MGCL pursuant to provisions in our charter. However, we may, by amendment to our charter with approval of our stockholders, opt in to the business combination and control share provisions of the MGCL in the future. Additionally, Title 8, Subtitle 3 of the MGCL permits our board of directors, without stockholder approval and regardless of what is currently provided in our charter and our amended and restated bylaws, or bylaws, to implement takeover defenses, some of which (for example, a classified board) we do not 31
presently have. These provisions may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for our company or of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of our company under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-current market price of our common stock. Maryland law does not impose heightened standards on directors in takeover situations. The MGCL provides that an act of a director relating to or affecting an acquisition or potential acquisition of control of a corporation may not be subject to a higher duty or greater scrutiny than is applied to any other act of a director. Therefore, directors of a Maryland corporation are not required to act in the same manner as directors of a Delaware corporation in takeover situations. Our charter and bylaws contain provisions that may impede third-party acquisition proposals that may be in your best interests. Our charter and bylaws also provide that our directors may only be removed by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of our stock, that stockholders are required to give us advance notice of director nominations and new business to be conducted at our annual meetings of stockholders and that special meetings of stockholders can only be called by our president, our board of directors or the holders of at least 25% of stock entitled to vote at the meetings. These and other charter and bylaw provisions may delay or prevent a change of control or other transaction in which holders of our common stock might receive a premium for their common stock over the then-current market price or which such holders otherwise might believe to be in their best interests. Our board of directors may issue additional shares that may cause dilution and could deter change of control transactions that you may believe to be in your best interest. Our charter authorizes our board, without stockholder approval, to: - issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, having preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distribution, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption as determined by the board; - amend the charter to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of capital stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have the authority to issue; - cause us to issue additional authorized but unissued shares of common stock or preferred stock; and - classify or reclassify any unissued shares of common or preferred stock by setting or changing in any one or more respects, from time to time before the issuance of such shares, the preferences, conversion or other rights and other terms of such classified or reclassified shares, including the issuance of additional shares of common stock or preferred stock that have preference rights over the common stock with respect to dividends, liquidation, voting and other matters. WE DEPEND ON KEY PERSONNEL, THE LOSS OF ANY ONE OF WHOM MAY THREATEN OUR ABILITY TO OPERATE OUR BUSINESS SUCCESSFULLY. We depend on the services of Edward K. Aldag, Jr., William G. McKenzie, Emmett E. McLean, R. Steven Hamner and Michael G. Stewart to carry out our business and investment strategy. If we were to lose any of these executive officers, it may be more difficult for us to locate attractive acquisition targets, complete our acquisitions and manage the facilities that we have acquired or are developing. Additionally, as we expand, we will continue to need to attract and retain additional qualified officers and employees. The loss of the services of any of our executive officers, or our inability to recruit and retain qualified personnel in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. WE MAY EXPERIENCE CONFLICTS OF INTEREST WITH OUR OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, WHICH COULD RESULT IN OUR OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS ACTING OTHER THAN IN OUR BEST INTEREST. As described below, our officers and directors may have conflicts of interest in connection with their duties to us and the limited partners of our operating partnership and with allocation of their time between our business and affairs and their other business interests. In addition, from time to time, we may acquire 32
or develop facilities in transactions involving prospective tenants in which our directors or officers have an interest. In transactions of this nature, there will be conflicts between our interests and the interests of the director or officer involved, and that director or officer may be in a position to influence the terms of those transactions. In the event we purchase properties from executive officers or directors in exchange for units of limited partnership in our operating partnership, the interests of those persons with the interests of the company may conflict. Where a unitholder has unrealized gains associated with his limited partnership interests in our operating partnership, these holders may incur adverse tax consequences in the event of a sale or refinancing of those properties. Therefore the interest of these executive officers or directors of our company could be different from the interests of the company in connection with the disposition or refinancing of a property. Conflicts of interest with our officers and directors could result in our officers and directors acting other than in our best interest. OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS HAVE AGREEMENTS THAT PROVIDE THEM WITH BENEFITS IN THE EVENT THEIR EMPLOYMENT IS TERMINATED BY US WITHOUT CAUSE, BY THE EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON, OR UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES FOLLOWING A CHANGE OF CONTROL TRANSACTION THAT YOU MAY BELIEVE TO BE IN YOUR BEST INTEREST. We have entered into agreements with certain of our executive officers that provide them with severance benefits if their employment is terminated by us without cause, by them for good reason (which includes, among other reasons, failure to be elected to the board for Mr. Aldag and failure to have their agreements automatically renewed for Messrs. Aldag, McLean, Hamner, McKenzie and Stewart), or under certain circumstances following a change of control of our company. Certain of these benefits and the related tax indemnity could prevent or deter a change of control of our company that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders. THE VICE CHAIRMAN OF OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS, WILLIAM G. MCKENZIE, HAS OTHER BUSINESS INTERESTS THAT MAY HINDER HIS ABILITY TO ALLOCATE SUFFICIENT TIME TO THE MANAGEMENT OF OUR OPERATIONS, WHICH COULD JEOPARDIZE OUR ABILITY TO EXECUTE OUR BUSINESS PLAN. Our employment agreement with the vice chairman of our board of directors, Mr. McKenzie, permits him to continue to own, operate and control facilities that he owned as of the date of his employment agreement and requires that he only provide a limited amount of his time per month to our company. In addition, the terms of Mr. McKenzie's employment agreement permit him to compete against us with respect to these previously owned healthcare facilities. ALL MANAGEMENT RIGHTS ARE VESTED IN OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND OUR STOCKHOLDERS HAVE LIMITED RIGHTS. Our board of directors is responsible for our management and strategic business direction, and management is responsible for our day-to-day operations. Our major policies, including our policies with respect to REIT qualification, acquisitions and developments, leasing, financing, growth, operations, debt limitation and distributions, are determined by our board of directors. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies from time to time without a vote of our stockholders. Investment and operational policy changes could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. THE ABILITY OF OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO REVOKE OUR REIT STATUS WITHOUT STOCKHOLDER APPROVAL MAY CAUSE ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Our charter provides that our board of directors may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we cease to be a REIT, we would become subject to federal income tax on our taxable income and would no longer be required to distribute most of our taxable income to our stockholders, which may have adverse consequences on total return to our stockholders. OUR RIGHTS AND THE RIGHTS OF OUR STOCKHOLDERS TO TAKE ACTION AGAINST OUR DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS ARE LIMITED. Maryland law provides that a director or officer has no liability in that capacity if he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interests and 33
with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. In addition, our charter eliminates our directors' and officers' liability to us and our stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action. Our bylaws and indemnification agreements require us to indemnify our directors and officers for liability resulting from actions taken by them in those capacities to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. As a result, we and our stockholders may have more limited rights against our directors and officers than might otherwise exist under common law. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our directors and officers. See "Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws -- Indemnification and Limitation of Directors' and Officers' Liability." Directors may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors. OUR UPREIT STRUCTURE MAY RESULT IN CONFLICTS OF INTEREST BETWEEN OUR STOCKHOLDERS AND THE HOLDERS OF OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP UNITS. We are organized as an UPREIT, which means that we hold our assets and conduct substantially all of our operations through an operating limited partnership, and may in the future issue limited partnership units to third parties. Persons holding operating partnership units would have the right to vote on certain amendments to the partnership agreement of our operating partnership, as well as on certain other matters. Persons holding these voting rights may exercise them in a manner that conflicts with the interests of our stockholders. Circumstances may arise in the future, such as the sale or refinancing of one of our facilities, when the interests of limited partners in our operating partnership conflict with the interests of our stockholders. As the general partner of our operating partnership, we have fiduciary duties to the limited partners of our operating partnership that may conflict with fiduciary duties our officers and directors owe to our stockholders. These conflicts may result in decisions that are not in your best interest. THROUGH WHOLLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES, WE ARE THE GENERAL PARTNER OF OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AND OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, THROUGH WHOLLY-OWNED SUBSIDIARIES, IS THE GENERAL PARTNER OF OTHER SUBSIDIARIES WHICH OWN OUR FACILITIES AND, SHOULD ANY OF THESE WHOLLY-OWNED GENERAL PARTNERS BE DISREGARDED, THEN WE OR OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP COULD BECOME LIABLE FOR THE DEBTS AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS OF OUR SUBSIDIARIES BEYOND THE AMOUNT OF OUR INVESTMENT. Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, we are the sole general partner of our operating partnership, and also currently own 100% of the limited partnership interests in the operating partnership. In addition, our operating partnership, through other wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the general partner of other subsidiaries which own our facilities. If any of our wholly-owned subsidiaries which act as general partner were disregarded, we would be liable for the debts and other obligations of the subsidiaries that own our facilities. In such event, if any of these subsidiaries were unable to pay their debts and other obligations, we would be liable for such debts and other obligations beyond the amount of our investment in these subsidiaries. These obligations could include unforeseen contingent liabilities. TAX RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR STATUS AS A REIT FAILURE TO ATTAIN OR LOSS OF OUR TAX STATUS AS A REIT WOULD HAVE SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES TO US AND THE VALUE OF OUR COMMON STOCK. We expect to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and will elect to be taxed as a REIT under the federal income tax laws commencing with our taxable year that began on April 6, 2004 and ended on December 31, 2004. Our qualification as a REIT will depend on our ability to meet various requirements concerning, among other things, the ownership of our outstanding common stock, the nature of our assets, the sources of our income and the amount of our distributions to our stockholders. The REIT qualification requirements are extremely complex, and interpretations of the federal income tax laws governing qualification as a REIT are limited. Accordingly, there is no assurance that we will be successful 34
in operating so as to qualify as a REIT. At any time, new laws, regulations, interpretations or court decisions may change the federal tax laws relating to, or the federal income tax consequences of, qualification as a REIT. It is possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause our board of directors to revoke the REIT election, which it may do without stockholder approval. If we fail to achieve, lose or revoke our REIT status, we will face serious tax consequences that will substantially reduce the funds available for distribution because: - we would not be allowed a deduction for distributions to stockholders in computing our taxable income; therefore we would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates and we might need to borrow money or sell assets in order to pay any such tax; - we also could be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax and possibly increased state and local taxes; and - unless we are entitled to relief under statutory provisions, we also would be disqualified from taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify. As a result of all these factors, a failure to achieve or a loss or revocation of our REIT status could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and would adversely affect the value of our common stock. FAILURE TO MAKE REQUIRED DISTRIBUTIONS WOULD SUBJECT US TO TAX. In order to qualify as a REIT, each year we must distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, excluding net capital gain. To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income, we will be subject to federal corporate income tax on our undistributed income. In addition, we will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which our distributions in any year are less than the sum of: - 85% of our ordinary income for that year; - 95% of our capital gain net income for that year; and - 100% of our undistributed taxable income from prior years. We intend to pay out our income to our stockholders in a manner that satisfies the distribution requirement and avoids corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax. We may be required to make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution. Differences in timing between the recognition of income and the related cash receipts or the effect of required debt amortization payments could require us to borrow money or sell assets to pay out enough of our taxable income to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax in a particular year. In the future, we may borrow to pay distributions to our stockholders and the limited partners of our operating partnership. Any funds that we borrow would subject us to interest rate and other market risks. WE WILL PAY SOME TAXES AND THEREFORE MAY HAVE LESS CASH AVAILABLE FOR DISTRIBUTION TO OUR STOCKHOLDERS. Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we will be required to pay some U.S. federal, state and local taxes on the income from the operations of our taxable REIT subsidiary, MPT Development Services, Inc. A taxable REIT subsidiary is a fully taxable corporation and may be limited in its ability to deduct interest payments made to us. In addition, we will be subject to a 100% penalty tax on certain amounts if the economic arrangements among our tenants, our taxable REIT subsidiary and us are not comparable to similar arrangements among unrelated parties. To the extent that we are or our taxable REIT subsidiary is required to pay U.S. federal, state or local taxes, we will have less cash available for distribution to stockholders. 35
COMPLYING WITH REIT REQUIREMENTS MAY CAUSE US TO FOREGO OTHERWISE ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES. To qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our stockholders and the ownership of our stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego attractive business or investment opportunities. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of our assets may consist of securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries, and no more than 25% of the value of our assets may consist of securities that are not qualifying assets under the test requiring that 75% of a REIT's assets consist of real estate and other related assets. Further, a taxable REIT subsidiary may not directly or indirectly operate or manage a healthcare facility. For purposes of this definition a "healthcare facility" means a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients and which is operated by a service provider that is eligible for participation in the Medicare program under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act with respect to the facility. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may limit our flexibility in executing our business plan. OUR LOAN TO VIBRA COULD BE RECHARACTERIZED AS EQUITY, IN WHICH CASE OUR RENTAL INCOME FROM VIBRA WOULD NOT BE QUALIFYING INCOME UNDER THE REIT RULES AND WE COULD LOSE OUR REIT STATUS. In connection with the acquisition of the Vibra Facilities, our taxable REIT subsidiary made a loan to Vibra in an aggregate amount of approximately $41.4 million to acquire the operations at the Vibra Facilities. Our taxable REIT subsidiary also made a loan of approximately $6.2 million to Vibra and its subsidiaries for working capital purposes, which has been paid in full. The acquisition loan bears interest at an annual rate of 10.25%. Our operating partnership loaned the funds to our taxable REIT subsidiary to make these loans. The loan from our operating partnership to our taxable REIT subsidiary bears interest at an annual rate of 9.25%. The Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, may take the position that the loans to Vibra should be treated as equity interests in Vibra rather than debt, and that our rental income from Vibra should not be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. If the IRS were to successfully treat the loans to Vibra as equity interests in Vibra, Vibra would be a "related party tenant" with respect to our company and the rent that we receive from Vibra would not be qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. As a result, we could lose our REIT status. In addition, if the IRS were to successfully treat the loans to Vibra as interests held by our operating partnership rather than by our taxable REIT subsidiary and to treat the loans as other than straight debt, we would fail the 10% asset test with respect to such interests and, as a result, could lose our REIT status, which would subject us to corporate level income tax and adversely affect our ability to make distributions to our stockholders. RISKS RELATING TO THIS OFFERING THERE IS CURRENTLY NO PUBLIC MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK, AND AN ACTIVE TRADING MARKET FOR OUR COMMON STOCK MAY NEVER DEVELOP FOLLOWING THIS OFFERING. There has not been any public market for our common stock prior to this offering. We have applied to list our common stock on the NYSE in connection with this offering, but even if our shares are approved for listing, an active trading market for our common stock may never develop or be sustained. Currently, certain shares of our common stock are eligible for trading on The Portal(SM) Market, a subsidiary of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc., which permits secondary sales of eligible securities to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The last trade of our common stock on The Portal(SM) Market occurred on May 10, 2005 at a price of $10.00 per share, which may not be indicative of the prices at which our shares of common stock will trade after this offering. 36
THE MARKET PRICE AND TRADING VOLUME OF OUR COMMON STOCK MAY BE VOLATILE FOLLOWING THIS OFFERING. Even if an active trading market develops for our common stock after this offering, the market price of our common stock may be highly volatile and be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our common stock declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your shares at or above the initial public offering price. We cannot assure you that the market price of our common stock will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect our share price or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock include: - actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results or distributions; - changes in our funds from operations or earnings estimates or publication of research reports about us or the real estate industry; - increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our shares of common stock to demand a higher yield; - changes in market valuations of similar companies; - adverse market reaction to any increased indebtedness we incur in the future; - additions or departures of key management personnel; - actions by institutional stockholders; - speculation in the press or investment community; and - general market and economic conditions. BROAD MARKET FLUCTUATIONS COULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK. In addition, the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market price of many companies in industries similar or related to ours and that have been unrelated to these companies' operating performances. These broad market fluctuations could reduce the market price of our common stock. Furthermore, our operating results and prospects may be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors or may be lower than those of companies with comparable market capitalizations, which could lead to a material decline in the market price of our common stock. COMMON STOCK ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE MAY HAVE ADVERSE EFFECTS ON OUR STOCK PRICE. We cannot predict the effect, if any, of future sales of common stock, or the availability of shares for future sales, on the market price of our common stock. Sales of substantial amounts of common stock, or the perception that these sales could occur, may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock. In addition, under a registration rights agreement, we have granted holders of the 25,300,000 shares of our common stock issued in our April 2004 private placement the right to have their shares registered for resale under the Securities Act. If any or all of these holders sell a large number of securities in the public market, the sale could reduce the trading price of our common stock and could impede our ability to raise future capital. We also may issue from time to time additional common stock or units of our operating partnership in connection with the acquisition of facilities and we may grant additional demand or piggyback registration rights in connection with these issuances. Sales of substantial amounts of common stock or the perception that these sales could occur may adversely effect the prevailing market price for our common stock. In addition, the sale of these shares could impair our ability to raise capital through a sale of additional equity securities. 37
YOU SHOULD NOT RELY ON THE UNDERWRITERS' LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS TO LIMIT THE NUMBER OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK SOLD INTO THE MARKET. All of our directors and executive officers, subject to limited exceptions, have agreed to be bound by lock-up agreements that prohibit these holders from selling or otherwise disposing of any of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they own or acquire for 180 days after the date of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters will require that all of our stockholders other than our executive officers and directors agree not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of the shares of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they have acquired prior to the date of this prospectus and are not selling in this offering until 60 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to limited exceptions. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., on behalf of the underwriters, may, in its discretion, release all or any portion of the common stock subject to the lock-up agreements with our directors and executive officers, at any time and without notice or stockholder approval, in which case our other stockholders would also be released from the restrictions under the registration rights agreement. There are no present agreements between the underwriters and us or any of our executive officers, directors or stockholders releasing them or us from these lock-up agreements. However, we cannot predict the circumstances or timing under which Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. may waive these restrictions. If the restrictions under the lock-up agreements and the registration rights agreement are waived or terminated, up to approximately shares of common stock will be available for sale into the market, subject only to applicable securities rules and regulations, which could reduce the market price for our common stock. AN INCREASE IN MARKET INTEREST RATES MAY HAVE AN ADVERSE EFFECT ON THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR SECURITIES. One of the factors that investors may consider in deciding whether to buy or sell our securities is our distribution rate as a percentage of our price per share of common stock, relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates increase, prospective investors may desire a higher distribution or interest rate on our securities or seek securities paying higher distributions or interest. The market price of our common stock likely will be based primarily on the earnings that we derive from rental income with respect to our facilities and our related distributions to stockholders, and not from the underlying appraised value of the facilities themselves. As a result, interest rate fluctuations and capital market conditions can affect the market price of our common stock. In addition, rising interest rates would result in increased interest expense on our variable-rate debt, thereby adversely affecting cash flow and our ability to service our indebtedness and make distributions. IF YOU PURCHASE COMMON STOCK IN THIS OFFERING, YOU WILL EXPERIENCE IMMEDIATE DILUTION. We expect the initial public offering price of our common stock to be higher than the book value per share of our outstanding common stock. Assuming that the common stock sold in this offering is sold at $ per share, if you purchase common stock in this offering, you will experience immediate dilution of approximately $ in book value per share. This means that investors who purchase our common stock in this offering: - will likely pay a price per share that exceeds the book value of our assets after subtracting our liabilities; and - will have contributed, in the aggregate, approximately % of our funding since inception but will own only % of our fully diluted equity interests. 38
OUR ENGAGEMENT AGREEMENT WITH FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY & CO., INC. MAY PRECLUDE US FROM ENGAGING INVESTMENT BANKING FIRMS OTHER THAN FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY & CO., INC. UNTIL APRIL 7, 2006 FOR FUTURE FINANCING AND OTHER STRATEGIC TRANSACTIONS, AND FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY & CO., INC. HAS INTERESTS IN THIS OFFERING OTHER THAN UNDERWRITING DISCOUNTS AND COMMISSIONS. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. has an interest in the successful completion of this offering beyond the underwriting discounts and commissions it will receive. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc., an affiliate of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., is currently our largest stockholder, owning approximately 11% of our common stock outstanding prior to completion of this offering. In addition, on November 13, 2003, we entered into an engagement letter agreement with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. The engagement letter gives Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., the right to serve in the following capacities until April 7, 2006: - as our financial advisor with respect to any future mergers, acquisitions or other business combinations; - as the sole book running and lead underwriter or sole placement agent in connection with any public or private offering of equity or any public offering of debt securities; and - as our agent in connection with the exercise of our warrants or options, other than warrants or options held by management or by Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. Our engagement letter with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. may preclude us until April 7, 2006 from using competing investment banks or financial advisors for many financial and strategic transactions. Accordingly, in planning and completing some transactions, including public offerings of our stock, we may not be able to utilize the services of competitors of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. and thereby obtain pricing, distribution and other benefits that we otherwise could and we may be dependent on the ability of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. to execute certain financing and other strategic transactions on our behalf. As a result of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc.'s position as a large holder of our common stock, Friedman, Billings Ramsey & Co., Inc. will have an interest in the successful completion of this offering beyond underwriting discounts and commissions it will receive. Although not required under the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., this offering is being made using a "qualified independent underwriter" as contemplated by Rule 2720(b)(15) of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. has assumed the responsibilities of acting as a qualified independent underwriter. In such role, performed a due diligence investigation of us and participated in the preparation of this prospectus and the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The initial public offering price of the shares of common stock will be no higher than the price recommended by . 39
A WARNING ABOUT FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS We make forward-looking statements in this prospectus that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. Statements regarding the following subjects, among others, are forward-looking by their nature: - our business strategy; - our projected operating results; - our ability to acquire or develop net-leased facilities; - availability of suitable facilities to acquire or develop; - our ability to enter into, and the terms of, our prospective leases; - our ability to use effectively the proceeds of this offering; - our ability to obtain future financing arrangements; - estimates relating to, and our ability to pay, future distributions; - our ability to compete in the marketplace; - market trends; - projected capital expenditures; and - the impact of technology on our facilities, operations and business. The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. You should carefully consider these risks before you make an investment decision with respect to our common stock, along with, among others, the following factors that could cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements: - the factors referenced in this prospectus, including those set forth under the sections captioned "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations;" "Our Business" and "Our Portfolio;" - general volatility of the capital markets and the market price of our common stock; - changes in our business strategy; - changes in healthcare laws and regulations; - availability, terms and development of capital; - availability of qualified personnel; - changes in our industry, interest rates or the general economy; and - the degree and nature of our competition. When we use the words "believe," "expect," "may," "potential," "anticipate," "estimate," "plan," "will," "could," "intend" or similar expressions, we are identifying forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We are not obligated to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The safe harbor protections provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 27A of the Securities Act do not apply to the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. 40
USE OF PROCEEDS We expect to receive net proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us, of approximately $ . If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $ million. We expect to use the net proceeds as follows: - approximately $51.0 million to fund the development of a community hospital in Houston, Texas that we have under letter of commitment; - approximately $38.0 million to fund the development of a women's hospital and integrated medical office building in Bensalem, Pennsylvania that we have under contract; - approximately $28.0 million to fund the development of a community hospital in Bloomington, Indiana that we have under letter of commitment; - approximately $11.2 million to acquire a long-term acute care hospital in Covington, Louisiana that we have under letter of commitment; - approximately $8.0 million to lend to Hammond Properties pursuant to a mortgage loan we have entered into a commitment letter to provide; - approximately $6.0 million to acquire a long-term acute care hospital in Denham Springs, Louisiana that we have under letter of commitment; and - the remainder for general corporate and working capital purposes, including possible future acquisitions or developments of net-leased facilities, expansion of the Desert Valley Facility, funding of the DSI acquisition and development commitment, and repayment of indebtedness under our term loan with Merrill Lynch. We cannot assure you that we will complete these transactions on the terms described or at all. See "Our Portfolio -- Other Letters of Commitment" for a discussion of the conditions with respect to these transactions. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net offering proceeds in interest-bearing, short- term marketable investment grade securities or money-market accounts that are consistent with our intention to qualify as a REIT. These investments may include, for example, government and government agency securities, certificates of deposit, interest-bearing bank deposits and mortgage loan participations. Our loan with Merrill Lynch bears interest at one month LIBOR (3.09% at May 10, 2005) plus 300 basis points. As of March 31, 2005, $74.1 million was outstanding under this loan. This loan is secured by the six facilities we have leased to Vibra and matures on December 31, 2007. We are required to pay an exit fee of 1% of the total loan amount if the loan is paid down to below $40.0 million during the first 18 months of the loan's term. After that time, 100% of the loan may be prepaid without penalty. These funds were borrowed for the purpose of funding acquisitions and developments. 41
CAPITALIZATION The following table sets forth: - our actual capitalization as of March 31, 2005; and - our pro forma capitalization, as adjusted to give effect to the sale of shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed public offering price of $ per share and application of the net proceeds as described in "Use of Proceeds."
DILUTION NET TANGIBLE BOOK VALUE As of March 31, 2005, we had a net tangible book value of approximately $ million, or approximately $ per share. Net tangible book value per share represents the amount of our total tangible assets less our total liabilities and total minority interests, divided by the number of shares of our common stock outstanding. DILUTION AFTER THIS OFFERING Dilution in net tangible book value per share represents the difference between the amount per share paid by purchasers of common stock in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after this offering and the application of the estimated net offering proceeds. After giving effect to: - the sale of the common stock offered by us under this prospectus at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, and our receipt of approximately $ million in net proceeds from this offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us; - the issuance of 82,000 shares of restricted common stock to our employees in April 2005; - the issuance of 106,000 shares of restricted stock to our senior management team upon completion of this offering; - the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options granted to our independent directors and 35,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of a warrant granted to an unaffiliated third party; and - the issuance of 12,500 shares of common stock underlying deferred stock units awarded to our independent directors, our pro forma net tangible book value as of March 31, 2005 would have been approximately $ million (includes the proceeds to be received from the exercise of options for common stock), or $ per share of common stock. This amount represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $ per share to existing stockholders prior to this offering and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value of $ per share to investors in this offering. The following table illustrates this per share dilution:
(3) Based on pro forma net tangible book value attributable to common stockholders of approximately $ divided by the sum of shares of our common stock to be outstanding, the issuance of 106,000 shares of restricted stock, the issuance of 135,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, the issuance of 12,500 shares of common stock underlying deferred stock units awarded to our independent directors and the issuance of 82,000 shares of restricted common stock awarded to our employees. (4) Dilution is determined by subtracting (i) pro forma net tangible book value per share of our common stock after giving effect to this offering and the application of the net proceeds therefrom from (ii) the initial public offering price per share paid by a new investor in this offering. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NEW AND EXISTING STOCKHOLDERS IN NUMBER OF SHARES AND AMOUNT PAID The table below summarizes, as of March 31, 2005, on the pro forma basis discussed above but excluding options and warrants to purchase shares of common stock that will be outstanding upon completion of this offering, the differences between the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and by the new investors purchasing common stock in this offering. The options and warrants described in the preceding sentence are exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $ per share and will remain outstanding upon the completion of this offering. To the extent that these outstanding options are exercised in the future, there will be further dilution to new investors. We used an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, and we have not deducted estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses in our calculations.
DISTRIBUTION POLICY We intend to make regular quarterly distributions to our stockholders so that we distribute each year all or substantially all of our REIT taxable income, if any, so as to avoid paying corporate level income tax and excise tax on our REIT income and to qualify for the tax benefits accorded to REITs under the Code. In order to qualify as a REIT, we must distribute to our stockholders an amount at least equal to 90% of our REIT taxable income, excluding net capital gain. See "United States Federal Income Tax Considerations." The distributions will be authorized by our board of directors and declared by us based upon a number of factors, including: - our actual results of operations; - the rent received from our tenants; - the ability of our tenants to meet their other obligations under their leases and their obligations under their loans from us; - debt service requirements; - capital expenditure requirements for our facilities; - our taxable income; - the annual distribution requirement under the REIT provisions of the Code; and - other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. To the extent not inconsistent with maintaining our REIT status, we may retain accumulated earnings of our taxable REIT subsidiaries in those subsidiaries. Our ability to make distributions to our stockholders will depend on our receipt of distributions from our operating partnership. The table below is a summary of our distribution history. We cannot assure you that we will have cash available for future quarterly distributions at these levels, or at all. See "Risk Factors."
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATION You should read the following pro forma and historical information in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our historical and pro forma consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following table sets forth our selected financial and operating data on an historical and pro forma basis. Our selected historical balance sheet information as of December 31, 2004, and the historical statement of operations and other data for the year ended December 31, 2004, have been derived from our historical financial statements audited by KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, whose report with respect thereto is included elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical balance sheet information as of March 31, 2005 and the historical statement of operations and other data for the three months ended March 31, 2005 have been derived from our unaudited historical balance sheet as of March 31, 2005 and from our unaudited statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited historical financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial condition and results of operations as of such dates and for such periods under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2005, are presented as if completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisitions had occurred on March 31, 2005. The unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004 are presented as if completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisitions and acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility and acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility had occurred on December 31, 2004. The unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations and other data for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are presented as if our completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisitions and acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility had occurred on January 1, 2005, and our December 31, 2004 unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of operations are presented as if our acquisition of the current portfolio of facilities (the six Vibra Facilities and the Desert Valley Facility) and our making of the Vibra loans and completion of this offering and application of the net proceeds to purchase our probable acquisition facilities had occurred on January 1, 2004. The pro forma information does not give effect to any of our facilities under development or probable development transactions. The pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of what our actual financial position or results of operations would have been as of the dates or for the periods indicated, nor does it purport to represent our future financial position or results of operations.
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS We were recently formed and did not commence revenue generating operations until June 2004. Please see "Risk Factors -- Risks Relating to Our Business and Growth Strategy" for a discussion of risks relating to our limited operating history. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. OVERVIEW We were incorporated under Maryland law on August 27, 2003 primarily for the purpose of investing in and owning net-leased healthcare facilities. Our existing tenants are, and our prospective tenants will generally be, hospital operating companies and other healthcare providers that use substantial real estate assets in their operations. We offer financing for these operators' real estate through 100% lease financing and generally seek lease terms of at least 10 years with a series of shorter renewal terms at the option of our tenants; we also intend to include annual contractual rental rate increases that in the current market range from 1.5% to 3.0%. Our existing portfolio escalators range from 2.0% to 2.5%. In addition to the base rent, our leases generally require our tenants to pay all operating costs and expenses associated with the facility. We conduct substantially all of our operations through our operating partnership. We own all of the membership interests in the sole general partner of our operating partnership and thereby control the operating partnership. At present, we also own 100% of the limited partnership interests, although we may issue units of limited partnership in exchange for interests in healthcare facilities from time to time in the future. Sellers of healthcare facilities who receive limited partnership units of our operating partnership in exchange for interests in their facilities may be able to defer recognition of any gain that would be recognized in a cash sale until such time that they redeem the operating partnership units. Upon their election to redeem their units, we may redeem them either for cash or shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis. In addition, we may sell equity interests in subsidiaries of our operating partnership in connection with the acquisition or development of facilities. Whenever we issue shares of our common stock for cash, we are obligated to contribute any net proceeds we receive from the sale of the stock to our operating partnership and our operating partnership is, in turn, obligated to issue an equivalent number of limited partnership units to us. Our operating partnership distributes the income it generates from its operations to us. In turn, we expect to distribute a substantial majority of the amounts we receive from our operating partnership to our stockholders in the form of quarterly cash distributions. We intend to qualify as a REIT for federal tax purposes, thereby generally avoiding federal and state corporate income taxes on most of the earnings that we distribute to our stockholders. We conduct business operations in one segment. We acquire and develop healthcare facilities and lease the facilities to healthcare operating companies under long-term net leases. At December 31, 2004 our real estate and loan assets comprised approximately 49% and 16%, respectively, of our total assets. We do not expect our loan assets to exceed this level in the future. Our lending business is important to our overall business strategy for two primary reasons: (1) it provides opportunities to make income-earning investments that yield attractive risk-adjusted returns in an industry in which our management has expertise, and (2) by making debt capital available to certain qualified operators, we believe we create for our company a competitive advantage over other buyers of, and financing sources for, healthcare facilities. We currently own four rehabilitation hospitals and two long-term acute care hospitals that are leased to a single operating company and one community hospital with an integrated medical office building leased to another operating company and we are developing a community hospital and an adjacent medical office building that are leased to a separate operating company. We have also made and in the future may make loans to our tenants to facilitate the acquisition of healthcare businesses and for working capital and from time to time may make mortgage loans to facility owners. 48
Our revenues are derived from rents we earn pursuant to the lease agreements we have with our tenants and from interest income from loans we make to our tenants and other facility owners. Our tenants operate in the healthcare industry, generally providing medical, surgical and rehabilitative care to patients. The capacity of our tenants to pay our rents and interest is dependent upon their ability to conduct their operations at profitable levels. We believe that the business environment of the industry segments in which our tenants operate in is generally positive for efficient operators. However, our tenants' operations are subject to economic, regulatory and market conditions that may affect their profitability. Accordingly, we monitor certain key factors, changes to which we believe may provide early indications of conditions that may affect the level of risk in our lease and loan portfolio. Key factors that we consider in underwriting prospective tenants and in monitoring the performance of existing tenants include the following: - the historical and prospective operating margins (measured by a tenant's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and facility rent) of each tenant and at each facility; - the ratio of our tenants' operating earnings to facility rent and to facility rent plus other fixed costs, including debt costs; - trends in the source of our tenants' revenue, including the relative mix of Medicare, Medicaid/MediCal, commercial insurance, and private pay patients; - the effect of evolving healthcare regulations on our tenants' profitability Certain business factors, in addition to those described above that directly affect our tenants, will likely materially influence our future results of operations. These factors include: - trends in the cost and availability of capital, including market interest rates, that our prospective tenants may use for their real estate assets instead financing their real estate assets through lease structures; - unforeseen changes in healthcare regulations that may limit the opportunities for physicians to participate in the ownership of healthcare providers and healthcare real estate; - reductions in reimbursements from Medicare, state healthcare programs and commercial insurance providers that may reduce our tenants' profitability and our lease rates; and - competition from other financing sources. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES In order to prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, we must make estimates about certain types of transactions and account balances. We believe that our estimates of the amount and timing of lease revenues, credit losses, fair values and periodic depreciation of our real estate assets, stock compensation expense, and the effects of any derivative and hedging activities will have significant effects on our financial statements. Each of these items involves estimates that require us to make judgments that are subjective in nature. We intend to rely on our experience, collect historical data and current market data, and develop relevant assumptions in order to arrive at what we believe to be reasonable estimates. Under different conditions or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported related to the accounting policies described below. In addition, application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgments on the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could materially differ from these estimates. Our accounting estimates will include the following: Revenue Recognition. Our revenues, which are comprised largely of rental income, include rents that each tenant pays in accordance with the terms of its respective lease reported on a straight-line basis over the initial term of the lease. Since some of our leases provide for rental increases at specified intervals, straight-line basis accounting requires us to record as an asset, and include in revenues, unbilled rent that we will only receive if the tenant makes all rent payments required through the expiration of the term of the lease. Accordingly, our management must determine, in its judgment, to what extent the unbilled rent 49
receivable applicable to each specific tenant is collectible. We will review each tenant's unbilled rent receivable on a quarterly basis and take into consideration the tenant's payment history, the financial condition of the tenant, business conditions in the industry in which the tenant operates and economic conditions in the area in which the facility is located. In the event that the collectibility of unbilled rent with respect to any given tenant is in doubt, we are required to record an increase in our allowance for uncollectible accounts or record a direct write-off of the specific rent receivable, which would have an adverse effect on our net income for the year in which the reserve is increased or the direct write-off is recorded and would decrease our total assets and stockholders' equity. We make loans to our tenants and from time to time may make mortgage loans to facility owners. We recognize interest income on loans as earned based upon the principal amount outstanding. These loans are generally secured by interests in real estate, receivables, equity interests of a tenant or corporate and individual guarantees. As with unbilled rent receivables, our management must also periodically evaluate loans to determine what amounts may not be collectible. Accordingly, a provision for losses on loans receivable is recorded when it becomes probable that the loan will not be collected in full. The provision is an amount which reduces the loan to its estimated net receivable value based on a determination of the eventual amounts to be collected either from the debtor or from the collateral, if any. At that time, we discontinue recording interest income on the loan to the tenant. Investments in Real Estate. We record investments in real estate at cost, and capitalize improvements and replacements when they extend the useful life or improve the efficiency of the asset. To the extent that we incur costs of repairs and maintenance, we expense those costs as incurred. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 40 years for buildings and improvements, five to seven years for equipment and fixtures and the shorter of the useful life or the remaining lease term for tenant improvements and leasehold interests. We are required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives of our facilities for purposes of determining the amount of depreciation expense to record on an annual basis with respect to our investments in real estate improvements. These assessments have a direct impact on our net income because, if we were to shorten the expected useful lives of our investments in real estate improvements, we would depreciate these investments over fewer years, resulting in more depreciation expense and lower net income on an annual basis. We have adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, which establishes a single accounting model for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets including discontinued operations. SFAS 144 requires that the operations related to facilities that have been sold or that we intend to sell be presented as discontinued operations in the statement of operations for all periods presented, and facilities we intend to sell be designated as "held for sale" on our balance sheet. When circumstances such as adverse market conditions indicate a possible impairment of the value of a facility, we will review the recoverability of the facility's carrying value. The review of recoverability will be based on our estimate of the future undiscounted cash flows, excluding interest charges, expected to result from the facility's use and eventual disposition. Our forecast of these cash flows will consider factors such as expected future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of leasing demand, competition and other factors. If impairment exists due to the inability to recover the carrying value of a facility, an impairment loss will be recorded to the extent that the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the facility. We will be required to make subjective assessments as to whether there are impairments in the values of our investments in real estate. Purchase Price Allocation. We record above-market and below-market in-place lease values, if any, for the facilities we own which are based on the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management's estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. We amortize any resulting capitalized above-market lease values as a reduction of rental income 50
over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. We amortize any resulting capitalized below-market lease values (presented in the accompanying balance sheet as value of assumed lease obligations) as an increase to rental income over the initial term and any fixed-rate renewal periods in the respective leases. Because our strategy to a large degree involves the origination of long term lease arrangements at market rates, we do not expect the above-market and below-market in-place lease values to be significant for many of our anticipated transactions. We measure the aggregate value of other intangible assets to be acquired based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued as if vacant. Management's estimates of value are expected to be made using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis). Factors considered by management in its analysis include an estimate of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. We also consider information obtained about each targeted facility as a result of our pre-acquisition due diligence, marketing and leasing activities in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired. In estimating carrying costs, management also includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, which we expect to range primarily from six to 18 months, depending on specific local market conditions. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses to the extent that such costs are not already incurred in connection with a new lease origination as part of the transaction. The total amount of other intangible assets to be acquired, if any, is further allocated to in-place lease values and customer relationship intangible values based on management's evaluation of the specific characteristics of each prospective tenant's lease and our overall relationship with that tenant. Characteristics to be considered by management in allocating these values include the nature and extent of our existing business relationships with the tenant, growth prospects for developing new business with the tenant, the tenant's credit quality and expectations of lease renewals, including those existing under the terms of the lease agreement, among other factors. We expect to amortize the value of in-place leases, if any, to expense over the initial term of the respective leases, which we expect to range primarily from 10 to 15 years. The value of customer relationship intangibles is amortized to expense over the initial term and any renewal periods in the respective leases, but in no event will the amortization period for intangible assets exceed the remaining depreciable life of the building. Should a tenant terminate its lease, the unamortized portion of the in-place lease value and customer relationship intangibles would be charged to expense. Accounting for Derivative Financial Investments and Hedging Activities. We expect to account for our derivative and hedging activities, if any, using SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 137 and SFAS No. 149, which requires all derivative instruments to be carried at fair value on the balance sheet. Derivative instruments designated in a hedge relationship to mitigate exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. We expect to formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as our risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking each hedge transaction. We plan to review periodically the effectiveness of each hedging transaction, which involves estimating future cash flows. Cash flow hedges, if any, will be accounted for by recording the fair value of the derivative instrument on the balance sheet as either an asset or liability, with a corresponding amount recorded in other comprehensive income within stockholders' equity. Amounts will be reclassified from other comprehensive income to the income statement in the period or periods the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. Derivative instruments designated in a hedge relationship to mitigate exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges under SFAS No. 133. We are not currently a party to any derivatives contracts. 51
Variable Interest Entities. In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46 (FIN 46), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to FIN 46, which is termed FIN 46R. FIN 46R clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements and provides guidance on the identification of entities for which control is achieved through means other than through voting rights and how to determine when and which business enterprise should consolidate such an entity. This model for consolidation applies to an entity in which either (1) the equity investors (if any) do not have a controlling financial interest or (2) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity's activities without receiving additional subordinated financial support from other parties. We periodically evaluate the terms of our relationships with our tenants and borrowers to determine whether we are required to consolidate any tenants or borrowers. Stock Based Compensation. We currently apply the intrinsic value method to account for the issuance of stock options under our equity incentive plan in accordance with APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. In this regard, we anticipate that a substantial portion of our options will be granted to individuals who are our officers or directors. Accordingly, because the grants are expected to be at exercise prices that represent fair value of the stock at the date of grant, we do not currently record any expense related to the issuance of these options under the intrinsic value method. If the actual terms vary from the expected, the impact to our compensation expense could differ. In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment," which is a revision of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock Based Compensation." SFAS No. 123(R) establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges it equity instruments for goods or services. The Statement focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that the fair value of such equity instruments be recognized as expense in the historical financial statements as services are performed. Prior to SFAS No. 123(R), only certain pro forma disclosures of fair value were required. SFAS No. 123(R) becomes effective for public companies with their first annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. For non-public companies, the standard becomes effective for their first fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2005. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 123(R) on our financial position and results of operations. However, we do not expect that SFAS No. 123(R) will have a material effect on our financial position and results of operations. Our existing equity incentive plan allows for stock-based awards to be in the form of options, restricted stock, restricted stock units and deferred stock units. The impact of SFAS No. 123(R) will also be affected by the types of stock-based awards that our board of directors chooses to grant. DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS The following table summarizes known material contractual obligations associated with investing and financing activities as of March 31, 2005:
effects of GAAP depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, which assume that the value of real estate diminishes predictably over time. As defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, FFO represents net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (losses) on sales of real estate, plus real estate related depreciation and amortization and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures. We compute FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition. FFO should not be viewed as a substitute measure of our company's operating performance since it does not reflect either depreciation and amortization costs or the level of capital expenditures and leasing costs necessary to maintain the operating performance of our properties, which are significant economic costs that could materially impact our results of operations. The following table presents a reconciliation of FFO to net income for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and for the year ended December 31, 2004 on an actual and pro forma basis.
compensation expenses. At March 31, 2004, we had five employees, four of whom were executive officers. We had no operating properties and no development properties. Our activities in the first quarter of 2004 were concentrated in evaluating potential acquisitions and planning for the April 2004, private placement. Due to the lack of operations in the first quarter of 2004, there is limited comparability to the results for the same period in 2005. YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 Net income for the year ended December 31, 2004 was $4,576,349. Revenue, which was $10,893,459, was comprised primarily of rents (79%) and interest from loans (21%). Interest and dividends, primarily from the temporary investment of the net proceeds of our April 2004 private placement, totaled $930,260. We completed our private placement of common stock in April 2004 and received proceeds, net of offering costs and fees, of approximately $233.5 million. Expenses during the year, which totalled $7,214,601, were comprised primarily of compensation of $3,700,442, depreciation and amortization of $1,517,530, other general and administrative expenses of $1,336,897 and approximately $585,345 of costs associated with unsuccessful acquisitions. These costs, which consisted primarily of legal fees, costs of third party reports and travel, related to a portfolio of five facilities that were subject to a letter of intent with a prospective operator. During the second quarter of 2004, we declined to pursue the acquisition. INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 Our net loss for the period from inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003 was $1,023,276. Included in this loss is approximately $423,000 in accrued expenses that were incurred by Medical Properties Trust, LLC prior to August 27, 2003 and assumed by us in connection with our formation. These constitute all of the expenses of this company. We had no revenues during this period and substantially all of the expenses that comprised our net loss from inception through December 31, 2003 are related to start-up activities, including business development, identification of acquisition possibilities, legal, accounting, and consulting. We do not consider the results of our operations in this period to be meaningful with respect to an analysis of our expected operations. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our long-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of funds to pay the costs of acquiring and developing facilities and making distributions to our stockholders. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, together with the net proceeds from this offering, cash flow from operations and borrowings under our Merrill Lynch and Colonial Bank loans, will be sufficient to acquire the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities and to fund our cash requirements during the next 12 months. Our current portfolio of facilities, other than the Desert Valley Facility, serves as collateral for our current indebtedness. We received approximately $233.5 million, net of offering costs and fees, from our April 2004 private placement. We have acquired and committed to develop healthcare facilities with an aggregate estimated cost of $387.3 million and have provided approximately $41.4 million in acquisition financing to one of our tenants. As of March 31, 2005, we had stockholders' equity of approximately $232.5 million, including approximately $82.0 million in cash and cash equivalents. Our sources of funds for future acquisitions and developments will primarily be our uncommitted cash balances, the net proceeds of this offering, operating cash flows and borrowings. We intend to use these cash resources in the acquisition and development of our Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities and to pay our operating expenses for the foreseeable future. To maintain our status as a REIT under the Code, we must distribute annually at least 90% of our taxable income. These distribution requirements limit our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for acquisitions, developments and operations. However, we believe that our current access to financings will provide us with financial flexibility at levels sufficient to meet current and anticipated capital requirements, including funding new acquisition and development opportunities. 54
We intend to utilize various types of debt to finance a portion of the costs to complete our proposed development facilities and acquire and develop additional facilities. We expect this debt will include long-term, fixed-rate mortgage loans, variable-rate term loans, secured revolving lines of credit and construction financing facilities. We believe we will be able generally to finance up to approximately 60% of the cost of our healthcare facilities; however, there is no assurance that we will be able to obtain or maintain this level of debt on our portfolio of real estate assets on favorable terms in the future. We borrowed $75 million from Merrill Lynch under a loan agreement with a term of three years for acquisition and development of additional facilities and other working capital needs. The loan bears interest at one month LIBOR (3.09% at May 10, 2005) plus 300 basis points. There was $74.1 million outstanding under this loan as of March 31, 2005. The term loan is secured by our interests in the Vibra Facilities and requires us to comply with certain financial covenants. We have also entered into construction loan agreements in an aggregate amount of $43.4 million with Colonial Bank to fund construction costs for our West Houston Facilities. Each construction loan has a term of 18 months and an option on the part of the borrower to convert the loan to a 30-month term loan upon completion of construction of the West Houston Facility securing that loan. The construction loans are secured by mortgages on the West Houston Facilities, as well as assignments of rents and leases on those facilities. The terms of the construction loan agreements require us to comply with a financial ratio relating to debt coverage. The construction loans bear interest at one month LIBOR plus 225 basis points, during the construction period and one month LIBOR plus 250 basis points, thereafter. The Colonial Bank loans are cross-defaulted. As of the date of this prospectus, we have made no borrowings under the Colonial Bank loans. Any other indebtedness we incur will likely be subject to continuing covenants, and we will likely be required to make continuing representations and warranties in connection with that debt. Moreover, some or all of our debt may be secured by some or all of our assets. If we default in the payment of interest or principal on any of our debt, breach any representation or warranty in connection with any borrowing or violate any covenant in any loan document, the lender may accelerate the maturity of the debt requiring us to immediately repay all outstanding principal and accrued interest. If we are unable to make the payment, our lender could foreclose on our assets that are pledged as collateral to the lender. The lender could also sue us or force us into bankruptcy. Any of these events would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of an investment in our common stock. Our real estate investments, like most commercial real estate investments, are relatively illiquid and our ability to sell one or more of our properties quickly and on favorable terms may be limited by a variety of factors beyond our control, including current market conditions, the cost and availability of debt financing, zoning and regulatory changes, and the need for capital improvements. Moreover, the length of our lease agreements, the specialized nature of our tenants' operations and the resulting design of our facilities and the risk that the nature and profitability of our tenants' operations may be affected by healthcare regulations may further impact the liquidity of our facilities. DISTRIBUTION POLICY We expect to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and will elect to be taxed as a REIT commencing with our taxable year that began on April 6, 2004 and ended on December 31, 2004. To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, excluding net capital gain, to our stockholders. It is our current intention to comply with these requirements, elect REIT status and maintain such status going forward. See "United States Federal Income Tax Considerations." The table below is a summary of our distribution history.
The two distributions declared in 2004, aggregating $0.21 per share, were comprised of approximately $0.13 per share in ordinary income and $0.08 per share in return of capital. For federal income tax purposes, our distributions were limited in 2004 to our tax basis earnings and profits of $0.13 per share. Accordingly, for tax purposes, $0.08 per share of the distributions we paid in January 2005 will be treated as a 2005 distribution; the tax character of this amount, along with that of the April 15, 2005 distribution, will be determined subsequent to determination of our 2005 taxable income. We intend to pay to our stockholders, within the time periods prescribed by the Code, all or substantially all of our annual taxable income, including taxable gains from the sale of real estate and recognized gains on the sale of securities. It is our policy to make sufficient cash distributions to stockholders in order for us to maintain our status as a REIT under the Code and to avoid corporate income and excise tax on undistributed income. INFLATION Our leases contain provisions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of inflation. These provisions generally increase rental rates during the terms of the leases either at fixed rates or indexed escalations (based on the Consumer Price Index or other measures). In addition, all of our existing leases, and we intend that most of our new leases will, require the tenant to pay the operating expenses of the facility, including common area maintenance costs, real estate taxes and insurance. This may reduce our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation. However, if inflation rates exceed the contractual rental increases, our results of operations may be adversely affected, and inflation may also adversely impact our revenue from any leases that do not contain escalation provisions. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Market risk includes risks that arise from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes that affect market sensitive instruments. In pursuing our business plan, we expect that the primary market risk to which we will be exposed is interest rate risk. We may be exposed to the effects of interest rate changes primarily as a result of long-term debt used to maintain liquidity and to fund expansion of our portfolio and operations. Our interest rate risk-management objectives will be to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower overall borrowing costs. To achieve our objectives, we will borrow primarily at fixed rates or variable rates with the lowest margins available and, in some cases, with the ability to convert variable rates to fixed rates. We may also enter into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate swaps and caps in order to mitigate our interest rate risk on a related financial instrument. We do not intend to enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes. In addition to changes in interest rates, the value of our facilities will be subject to fluctuations based on changes in local and regional economic conditions and changes in the ability of our tenants to generate profits, all of which may affect our ability to refinance our debt if necessary. 56
OUR BUSINESS OUR COMPANY We are a self-advised real estate company that acquires, develops and leases healthcare facilities providing state-of-the-art healthcare services. We lease our facilities to healthcare operators pursuant to long-term net-leases, which require the tenant to bear most of the costs associated with the property. From time to time, we also make loans to our tenants. We believe that the United States healthcare delivery system is becoming decentralized and is evolving away from the traditional "one stop," large-scale acute care hospital. We believe that this change is the result of a number of trends, including increasing specialization and technological innovation and the desire of both physicians and patients to utilize more convenient facilities. We also believe that demographic trends in the United States, including in particular an aging population, will result in continued growth in the demand for healthcare services, which in turn will lead to an increasing need for a greater supply of modern healthcare facilities. In response to these trends, we believe that healthcare operators increasingly prefer to conserve their capital for investment in operations and new technologies rather than investing in real estate and, therefore, increasingly prefer to lease, rather than own, their facilities. Given these trends and the size, scope and growth of this dynamic industry, we believe there are significant opportunities to acquire and develop net-leased healthcare facilities that are integral components of local healthcare delivery systems. Our strategy is to lease the facilities that we acquire or develop to experienced healthcare operators pursuant to long-term net-leases. We focus on acquiring and developing rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, cancer hospitals, women's and children's hospitals and regional and community hospitals, as well as other specialized single-discipline facilities and ancillary facilities. We believe that these types of facilities will capture an increasing share of expenditures for healthcare services. We believe that our strategy for acquisition and development of these types of net-leased facilities, which generally require a physician's order for patient admission, distinguish us as a unique investment alternative among REITs. Our management team has extensive experience in acquiring, owning, developing, managing and leasing healthcare facilities; managing investments in healthcare facilities; acquiring healthcare companies; and managing real estate companies. Our management team also has substantial experience in healthcare operations and administration, which includes many years of service in executive positions for hospitals and other healthcare providers, as well as in physician practice management and hospital/physician relations. Therefore, in addition to understanding investment characteristics and risk levels typically important to real estate investors, our management understands the changing healthcare delivery environment, including changes in healthcare regulations, reimbursement methods and patient demographics, as well as the technological innovations and other advances in healthcare delivery generally. We believe that this experience gives us the specialized knowledge necessary to select attractively-located net-leased facilities, underwrite our tenants, analyze facility-level operations and understand the issues and potential problems that may affect the healthcare industry generally and the tenant service area and facility in particular. We believe that our management's experience in healthcare operations and real estate management and finance will enable us to take advantage of numerous attractive opportunities to acquire, develop and lease healthcare facilities. We completed a private placement of our common stock in April 2004 in which we raised net proceeds of approximately $233.5 million. Shortly after completion of our private placement, we began to acquire our current portfolio of nine facilities, consisting of seven facilities that are in operation and two facilities that are under development. Four of the facilities that are in operation are rehabilitation hospitals, two are long-term acute care hospitals and one is a community hospital with an integrated medical office building. The facilities under development are a community hospital and an adjacent medical office building. With the proceeds of this offering, we intend to expand our portfolio of facilities by acquiring or developing additional net-leased healthcare facilities. 57
We employ leverage in our capital structure in amounts determined from time to time by our board of directors. At present, we intend to limit our debt to approximately 60% of the aggregate costs of our facilities, although we may temporarily exceed that level from time to time. We expect our borrowings to be a combination of long-term, fixed-rate, non-recourse mortgage loans, variable-rate secured term and revolving credit facilities, and other fixed and variable-rate short to medium-term loans. We borrowed $75 million from Merrill Lynch under a loan agreement which has a term of three years. We have used the loan proceeds for acquisition of our current portfolio of facilities and plan to use the loan proceeds for acquisition and development of additional facilities and other working capital needs. The loan bears interest at one month LIBOR (3.09% at May 10, 2005) plus 300 basis points. There is $74.1 million outstanding under this loan as of March 31, 2005. The loan is secured by our interests in the Vibra Facilities. The loan with Merrill Lynch includes financial covenants requiring us to meet an interest coverage ratio (ratio of our earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to interest expense) of 2 to 1, a fixed charge coverage ratio (ratio of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization to the sum of total debt service, assumed capital expenditures pertaining to the Vibra Facilities, income taxes and preferred dividends) greater than 1.65 to 1, a net debt to total asset valuation ratio (ratio of total net debt to the product of nine and the sum of net income, interest expense, depreciation and amortization minus management fees not exceeding 1% of net revenue and $300 per licensed bed per annum) not greater than 70%, and, for each Vibra Facility, a base rent coverage ratio (ratio of earnings of the applicable lessee of the Vibra Facility before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, rent and management fees to base rent payable by the lessee) equal to or greater than 1.25 to 1 and to maintain minimum tangible net worth of at least $200 million. As of the date of this prospectus, we are in compliance with all material financial covenants under our loan with Merrill Lynch. We have also entered into construction loan agreements in an aggregate amount of $43.4 million with Colonial Bank to fund construction costs for our West Houston Facilities. Each construction loan has a term of 18 months and an option on the part of the borrower to convert the loan to a 30-month term loan upon completion of construction of the West Houston Facility securing that loan. The construction loans are secured by mortgages on the West Houston Facilities, as well as assignments of rents and leases on those facilities. The terms of the construction loan agreements prevent us from allowing the net operating income of the facility used as collateral for any calendar quarter to be less than 1.25 times the principal and interest payments then due and payable under the promissory note for the designated period until the loan is paid in full. In the event that our net operating income falls below the minimum debt service requirement, we must prepay a portion of the principal balance of the promissory note so that the debt service requirement is satisfied and maintained within 10 days of our non-compliance. The construction loans bear interest at the one month LIBOR plus 225 basis points during the construction period and one month LIBOR plus 250 basis points thereafter. The Colonial Bank loans are cross-defaulted. As of the date of this prospectus, we have made no borrowings under the Colonial Bank loans. We expect to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and will elect to be taxed as a REIT under the federal income tax laws commencing with our taxable year that began on April 6, 2004 and ended on December 31, 2004. MARKET OPPORTUNITY According to the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, healthcare is one of the largest industries in the United States, and was responsible for approximately 15.3% of United States gross domestic product in 2003. Healthcare spending has consistently grown at rates greater than overall spending growth and inflation. As the chart below reflects, healthcare expenditures are projected to increase by more than 7% in 2004 and 2005 to $1.8 trillion and $1.9 trillion, respectively, and are expected to reach $3.1 trillion by 2012. 58
(GRAPH) We believe that the fundamental reasons for this growth in the demand for healthcare services include the aging and growth of the United States population, the advances in medical technology and treatments, and the increase in life expectancy. As illustrated by the chart below, the projected compound annual growth rate (or CAGR), from 2000 to 2030 of the population of senior citizens is three times the rate projected for the total United States population. This demographic trend is projected to result in an increase in the percentage of United States citizens who are age 65 or older from 12.4% in 2000 to 19.6% in 2030. (GRAPH) Source: United States Bureau of the Census 59
To satisfy this growing demand for healthcare services, there is a significant amount of new construction of healthcare facilities. In 2003 alone, $24.5 billion was spent on the construction of healthcare facilities, according to CMS. This represented more than a 9% increase over the $22.4 billion in healthcare construction spending for 2002. The following chart reflects the growth and expected growth in healthcare construction expenditures over the period that began in 1990 and ends in 2012: (GRAPH) We believe that the United States healthcare delivery system is evolving away from reliance on the traditional "one-stop," large-scale acute care hospital to one that relies on specialty hospitals and healthcare facilities that focus on single disciplines. We believe that there will be an increasing demand for more accessible, specialized and technologically-advanced healthcare delivery services as the population grows and ages. We own and have targeted for acquisition and development net-leased healthcare facilities providing state-of-the-art healthcare services because we believe these types of facilities represent the future of healthcare delivery. We believe that United States healthcare operators are in the early stages of a long-term evolution from a model that favors ownership of healthcare facilities to one that favors long-term net leasing of these facilities. We see two primary reasons for this: - First, in our experience, financial arrangements such as bond financing gave non-profit healthcare providers access to inexpensive capital, usually at 100% of the building cost. However, budget constraints on local governments and tighter underwriting standards have greatly reduced the availability of this very inexpensive capital. - Second, in our experience, healthcare providers were reimbursed on cost-based reimbursement plans (calculated in part by reference to a provider's total cost in plant and equipment) which provided no incentive for healthcare providers to make efficient use of their capital. With the evolution of the prospective payment reimbursement system, which reimburses healthcare providers for specific procedures or diagnoses and thus rewards the most efficient providers, healthcare providers are no longer assured of returns on investments in non-revenue producing assets such as the real estate where they operate. Accordingly, in recent years, healthcare providers have begun to convert their owned facilities to long-term lease arrangements thereby accessing substantial amounts of previously unproductive capital to invest in high margin operations and assets. In summary, the following market trends have shaped our investment strategy: - Decentralization: We believe that healthcare services are increasingly delivered through smaller, more accessible facilities that are designed for specific treatments and medical conditions and that are located near physicians and their patients. Based upon our experience, more healthcare services are delivered in specialized facilities than in acute care hospitals. 60
- Specialization: In our experience, the percentage of physicians and other healthcare professionals who practice in a recognized specialty or subspecialty has been increasing for many years. We believe that this creates opportunities for development of additional specialized healthcare facilities as advances in technologies and recognition of new practice specialties result in new treatments for difficult medical conditions. - Convenient Patient Care: We believe that healthcare service providers are increasingly seeking to provide specific services in a single location for the convenience of both patients and physicians. These single-discipline centers are primarily located in suburban areas, near patients and physicians, as opposed to the traditional urban hospital setting. - Aging Population: We believe that demographic trends in the United States, including in particular an aging population, will result in continued growth in the demand for healthcare services, which in turn will lead to an increasing need for a greater supply of modern healthcare facilities. - Use of Capital: We believe that healthcare operators increasingly prefer to conserve their capital for investment in their operations and for new technologies rather than investing it in real estate. OUR TARGET FACILITIES The market for healthcare real estate is extensive and includes real estate owned by a variety of healthcare operators. We focus on acquiring and developing those net-leased facilities that are specifically designed to reflect the latest trends in healthcare delivery methods. These facilities include: - Rehabilitation Hospitals: Rehabilitation hospitals provide inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation services for patients recovering from multiple traumatic injuries, organ transplants, amputations, cardiovascular surgery, strokes, and complex neurological, orthopedic, and other conditions. These hospitals are often the best medical alternative to traditional acute care hospitals where under the Medicare prospective payment system there is pressure to discharge patients after relatively short stays. - Long-term Acute Care Hospitals: Long-term acute care hospitals focus on extended hospital care, generally at least 25 days, for the medically-complex patient. Long-term acute care hospitals have arisen from a need to provide care to patients in acute care settings, including daily physician observation and treatment, before they are able to move to a rehabilitation hospital or return home. These facilities are reimbursed in a manner more appropriate for a longer length of stay than is typical for an acute care hospital. - Regional and Community Hospitals: We define regional and community hospitals as general medical/surgical hospitals whose practicing physicians generally serve a market specific area, whether urban, suburban or rural. We intend to limit our ownership of these facilities to those with market, ownership, competitive and technological characteristics that provide barriers to entry for potential competitors. - Women's and Children's Hospitals: These hospitals serve the specialized areas of obstetrics and gynecology, other women's healthcare needs, neonatology and pediatrics. We anticipate substantial development of facilities designed to meet the needs of women and children and their physicians as a result of the decentralization and specialization trends described above. - Ambulatory Surgery Centers: Ambulatory surgery centers are freestanding facilities designed to allow patients to have outpatient surgery, spend a short time recovering at the center, then return home to complete their recoveries. Ambulatory surgery centers offer a lower cost alternative to general hospitals for many surgical procedures in an environment that is more convenient for both patients and physicians. Outpatient procedures commonly performed include those related to gastrointestinal, general surgery, plastic surgery, ear, nose and throat/audiology, as well as orthopedics and sports medicine. 61
- Other Single-Discipline Facilities: The decentralization and specialization trends in the healthcare industry are also creating demands and opportunities for physicians to practice in hospital facilities in which the design, layout and medical equipment are specifically developed, and healthcare professional staff are educated, for medical specialties. These facilities include heart hospitals, ophthalmology centers, orthopedic hospitals and cancer centers. - Medical Office Buildings: Medical office buildings are office and clinic facilities occupied and used by physicians and other healthcare providers in the provision of outpatient healthcare services to their patients. The medical office buildings that we target are or will be master-leased and generally adjacent to our other targeted healthcare facilities. UNDERWRITING PROCESS Our real estate and loan underwriting process focuses on healthcare operations and real estate investment. This process is described in a written policy that requires, among other things, completion of specific elements of due diligence at the appropriate stages, including appraisals, engineering evaluations and environmental assessments, all provided by qualified and independent third parties. Our chief operating officer is presently responsible for the acquisition and due diligence process and reports to our chief executive officer. Approximately five employees report directly to our chief operating officer with respect to acquisitions and due diligence. Our acquisition and development selection process includes a comprehensive analysis of the targeted healthcare facility's profitability, financial trends in revenues and expenses, barriers to competition, the need in the market for the type of healthcare services provided by the facility, the strength of the location and the underlying value of the facility, as well as the financial strength and experience of the prospective tenant and the tenant's management team. We also analyze the operating history of the specific facility, including the facility's earnings, cash flow, occupancy and patient and payor mix, in order to evaluate its financial and operating strength. When we identify an attractive acquisition or development opportunity based on historical operations and market conditions, we determine the financial value of a potential long-term net-lease arrangement based on our target long-term net-lease capitalization rates, which currently range from 9.5% to 11%, and fixed charge coverage ratios. We compare that financial value to the replacement costs that we estimate by consulting with major healthcare construction contractors, engaging construction engineers or facility assessment consultants as appropriate, and reviewing recent cost studies. In addition, our due diligence process includes obtaining and evaluating title, environmental and other customary third-party reports. In certain instances we have acquired or may acquire a facility from a tenant or proposed tenant at a purchase price in excess of what our tenant or proposed tenant recently paid or expects to pay for that same facility. Our current policy requires the approval of the investment committee of our board of directors for acquisitions or developments of facilities that exceed $10.0 million. We seek to build tenant relationships with healthcare operators that we believe are positioned to prosper in the changing healthcare environment. We seek tenant relationships with operators who, based on our financial and operating analyses, have demonstrated the ability to manage in good and bad economic conditions. In certain cases, we lend funds to prospective tenants to assist them with their acquisition of the operations at the facilities that we intend to acquire and lease to them and for initial working capital needs. See "Our Portfolio -- Our Current Portfolio of Facilities." In these instances, where feasible and in compliance with applicable healthcare laws and regulations, we seek to obtain percentage rents based on the prospective tenant's revenues in addition to our base rent. Through our detailed underwriting of healthcare operations and real estate, we expect to deliver attractive risk-adjusted returns to our stockholders. ASSET MANAGEMENT We actively monitor our facilities, including reviewing periodic financial reporting and operating data, as well as visiting each facility and meeting with the management of our tenants on a regular basis. 62
Integral to our asset management philosophy is our desire to build long-term relationships with the tenants and, accordingly, we have developed a partnering approach which we believe results in the tenant viewing us as a member of its team. We understand that in order to maximize the value of our investments, our tenants must prosper. Therefore, we expect to work closely with our tenants throughout the terms of our leases in order to foster a long-term working relationship and to maximize the possibility of new business opportunities. For example, we and our prospective tenants typically conduct due diligence in a coordinated manner and share with each other the results of our respective due diligence investigations. During the lease term, we conduct joint evaluations of local facility operations and participate in discussions about strategic plans that may ultimately require our approval pursuant to the terms of our lease agreements. Our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and chief operating officer also communicate frequently with their counterparts at our tenants in order to maintain knowledge about changing regulatory and business conditions. We believe this knowledge equips us to anticipate changes in our tenants' operations in sufficient time to strategically and financially plan for, rather than react to, changing conditions. In addition to our ongoing analyses of our tenants' operations, our management team actively monitors and researches each healthcare segment in which we own and lease facilities in order to help us recognize changing economic, market and regulatory conditions. Our senior management is not only involved in the underwriting of each asset upon acquisition or development, but is also involved in the asset management process during the entire period in which we own the facility. OUR FORMATION TRANSACTIONS The following is a summary of our formation transactions: - We were formed as a Maryland corporation on August 27, 2003 to succeed to the business of Medical Properties Trust, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed by certain of our founders in December 2002. In connection with our formation, we issued our founders 1,630,435 shares of our common stock in exchange for nominal cash consideration, the membership interests of Medical Properties Trust, LLC were transferred to us and Medical Properties Trust, LLC became our wholly-owned subsidiary. Upon its formation in September 2003, our operating partnership assumed certain obligations of Medical Properties Trust, LLC. Upon completion of our private placement in April 2004, 1,108,527 shares of the 1,630,435 shares of common stock held by our founders were redeemed and they now collectively hold 557,908 shares of our common stock, including shares purchased in our April 2004 private placement. Our founders agreed to the redemption of a portion of their shares of our common stock for nominal consideration primarily in order to facilitate the completion of our April 2004 private placement. - Our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., was formed in September 2003. Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, we are the sole general partner of our operating partnership. We currently own all of the limited partnership interests in our operating partnership. - MPT Development Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation that we formed in January 2004, operates as our wholly-owned taxable REIT subsidiary. - In April 2004 we completed a private placement of 25,300,000 shares of common stock at an offering price of $10.00 per share. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. acted as the initial purchaser and sole placement agent. The total net proceeds to us, after deducting fees and expenses of the offering, were approximately $233.5 million. The net proceeds of our private placement, together with borrowed funds, have been or will be used to acquire our current portfolio of nine facilities, consisting of seven facilities that are in operation and two that are under development, repay debt, pay pre-offering operating expenses and for working capital. Thus far we have utilized approximately $155.4 million to acquire our seven existing facilities, have loaned $47.6 million to Vibra to acquire the operations at the Vibra Facilities and for working capital purposes, $6.2 million of which has been repaid, and have funded $32.2 million of a projected total of $63.1 million of development costs for the West Houston Facilities. There are approximately 316 beneficial holders of our common stock as of the date of this prospectus. 63
Edward K. Aldag, Jr., William G. McKenzie, Emmett E. McLean, R. Steven Hamner and James P. Bennett may be considered our founders. Mr. Aldag is serving as chairman of our board of directors and as our president and chief executive officer. Mr. McKenzie is serving as our vice chairman of the board. Mr. McLean is serving as our executive vice president, chief operating officer, treasurer and assistant secretary. Mr. Hamner is serving as our executive vice president and chief financial officer. Mr. Bennett formerly was an owner, officer, director of and consultant to the company's predecessor, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, but has not been affiliated with us since August 2003. OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP We own our facilities and conduct substantially all of our business through our operating partnership, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., and its subsidiaries. MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership organized by us in September 2003. Our wholly-owned limited liability company, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, serves as the sole general partner of, and holds a 1% interest in, our operating partnership. We also currently own all of the limited partnership interests in our operating partnership, constituting a 99% partnership interest, but may issue limited partnership units from time to time in connection with facility acquisitions and developments. Where permitted by applicable law, we intend to sell equity interests in subsidiaries of our operating partnership in connection with the acquisition and development of facilities. Holders of limited partnership units of our operating partnership, other than us, would be entitled to redeem their partnership units for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustments for stock splits, dividends, recapitalizations and similar events. At our option, in lieu of issuing shares of common stock upon redemption of limited partnership units, we may redeem the partnership units tendered for cash in an amount equal to the then-current value of the shares of common stock. Holders of limited partnership units would be entitled to receive distributions equivalent to the dividends we pay to holders of our shares of common stock. As the sole owner of the general partner of our operating partnership, we have the power to manage and conduct our operating partnership's business, subject to the limitations described in the first amended and restated agreement of limited partnership of our operating partnership. See "Partnership Agreement." MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. is a limited partner of MPT West Houston MOB, L.P. and MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P., which respectively own the Houston medical office building and the Houston community hospital in our portfolio which are under development. MPT West Houston MOB, LLC and MPT West Houston Hospital, LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, are the respective general partners of these entities. We have sold limited partnership interests in MPT West Houston MOB, L.P. to physicians and others associated with our tenant or subtenants of the West Houston MOB. Stealth, L.P., the tenant of the Houston community hospital under development and an entity majority-owned by physicians, owns a 6% limited partnership interest in MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P. In general, the management and control of the limited partnerships or limited liability companies that own our properties, such as MPT West Houston MOB, L.P. and MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P., rests with our operating partnership or its subsidiaries. The limited partners or other minority owners in these entities will not participate in the management or control of the business of the partnership or other entity. Although the partnership agreements or limited liability company agreements for future limited partnerships or limited liability companies may vary, our current limited partnership agreements require approval of the limited partners holding a majority of the units in the partnership other than the general partner and its affiliates to: - amend the partnership agreement in a manner that would: - adversely affect the financial or other rights of the limited partners who are not affiliates of the general partner or positively affect the financial rights or other rights of the general partner or reduce the general partner's obligations and responsibilities under the limited partnership agreement; 64
- impose on the limited partners who are not affiliates of the general partner any obligation to make additional capital contributions to the partnership; - adversely affect the rights of certain limited partners without similarly affecting the rights of other limited partners; - merge, consolidate or combine with another entity; or - determine the terms and the amount of consideration payable for any issuances of additional partnership units to our operating partnership, the general partner or any of their respective affiliates. In general, each partner or other equity owner will share in the partnership's profits, losses and available cash flow pro rata based upon his percentage interest in the partnership. We may hold properties we develop or acquire in the future through structures similar to the structure through which we hold the Houston facilities in our portfolio. MPT DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, INC. MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, was incorporated in January 2004 as a Delaware corporation. MPT Development Services, Inc. is authorized to provide third-party facility planning, project management, medical equipment planning and implementation services, medical office building management services, lending services, including but not limited to acquisition and working capital loans to our tenants, and other services that neither we nor our operating partnership can undertake directly under applicable REIT tax rules. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of our assets may consist of securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries, and no more than 25% of the value of our assets may consist of securities that are not qualifying assets under the test requiring that 75% of a REIT's assets consist of real estate and other related assets. Further, a taxable REIT subsidiary may not directly or indirectly operate or manage a healthcare facility. For purposes of this definition a "healthcare facility" means a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients and which is operated by a service provider that is eligible for participation in the Medicare program under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act with respect to the facility. MPT Development Services, Inc. will pay federal, state and local income taxes at regular corporate rates on its taxable income. MPT Development Services, Inc. has made, and from time to time may make, loans to tenants or prospective tenants to assist them with the acquisition of the operations at facilities leased or to be leased to them and for initial working capital needs. There are currently approximately $41.4 million in such loans outstanding. See "Our Portfolio -- Our Current Portfolio of Facilities." DEPRECIATION Generally, the federal tax basis for our facilities used to determine depreciation for federal income tax purposes will be our acquisition costs for such facilities. To the extent facilities are acquired with units of our operating partnership or its subsidiaries, we will acquire a carryover basis in the facilities. For federal income tax purposes, depreciation with respect to the real property components of our facilities, other than land, generally will be computed using the straight-line method over a useful life of 40 years, for a depreciation rate of 2.50% per year. OUR LEASES The leases for our facilities are "net" leases with terms requiring the tenant to pay all ongoing operating and maintenance expenses of the facility, including property, casualty, general liability and other insurance coverages, utilities and other charges incurred in the operation of the facilities, as well as real estate taxes, ground lease rent and the costs of capital expenditures, repairs and maintenance. Our leases also provide that our tenants will indemnify us for environmental liabilities. Our current leases range from 11 to 16 years and provide for annual rent escalation and, in the case of the Vibra Facilities, percentage rent. Our leases require periodic reports and financial statements from our tenants. In addition, our leases 65
contain customary default, termination, and subletting and assignment provisions. See "Our Portfolio -- Our Current Portfolio of Facilities." We anticipate that our future leases will have similar terms, including percentage rent where feasible and in compliance with applicable healthcare laws and regulations. ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS Under various federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, a current or previous owner, operator or tenant of real estate may be required to investigate and clean up hazardous or toxic substances or petroleum product releases or threats of releases at such property and may be held liable to a government entity or to third parties for property damage and for investigation, clean-up and monitoring costs incurred by such parties in connection with the actual or threatened contamination, including substances currently unknown, that may have been released on the real estate. These laws may impose clean-up responsibility and liability without regard to fault, or whether or not the owner, operator or tenant knew of or caused the presence of the contamination. The liability under these laws may be joint and several for the full amount of the investigation, clean-up and monitoring costs incurred or to be incurred or actions to be undertaken, although a party held jointly and severally liable might be able to obtain contributions from other identified, solvent, responsible parties of their fair share toward these costs. Investigation, clean-up and monitoring costs may be substantial and can exceed the value of the property. The presence of contamination, or the failure to properly remediate contamination, on a property may adversely affect the ability of the owner, operator or tenant to sell or rent that property or to borrow funds using such property as collateral and may adversely impact our investment in that property. In addition, if hazardous substances are located on or released from our properties, we could incur substantial liabilities through a private party personal injury claim, a property damage claim by an adjacent property owner, or claims by a governmental entity or others for other damages, such as natural resource damages. This liability may be imposed under environmental laws or common-law principles. Federal regulations require building owners and those exercising control over a building's management to identify and warn, via signs and labels, of potential hazards posed by workplace exposure to installed asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials in their building. The regulations also set forth employee training, record keeping and due diligence requirements pertaining to asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials. Government entities can assess significant fines for violation of these regulations. Building owners and those exercising control over a building's management may be subject to an increased risk of personal injury lawsuits by workers and others exposed to asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials as a result of these regulations. The regulations may affect the value of a building containing asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials in which we have invested. Federal, state and local laws and regulations also govern the removal, encapsulation, disturbance, handling and disposal of asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials when such materials are in poor condition or in the event of construction, remodeling, renovation or demolition of a building. Such laws and regulations may impose liability for improper handling or a release to the environment of asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials and may provide for fines to, and for third parties to seek recovery from, owners or operators of real property for personal injury or improper work exposure associated with asbestos-containing materials and potentially asbestos-containing materials. Prior to closing any facility acquisition, we obtain Phase I environmental assessments in order to attempt to identify potential environmental concerns at the facilities. These assessments will be carried out in accordance with an appropriate level of due diligence and will generally include a physical site inspection, a review of relevant federal, state and local environmental and health agency database records, one or more interviews with appropriate site-related personnel, review of the property's chain of title and review of historic aerial photographs and other information on past uses of the property. We may also conduct limited subsurface investigations and test for substances of concern where the results of the Phase I environmental assessments or other information indicates possible contamination or where our consultants recommend such procedures. 66
While we may purchase many of our facilities on an "as is" basis, we intend for all of our purchase contracts to contain an environmental contingency clause, which permits us to reject a facility because of any environmental hazard at the facility. COMPETITION We compete in acquiring and developing facilities with financial institutions, institutional pension funds, real estate developers, other REITs, other public and private real estate companies and private real estate investors. Among the factors adversely affecting our ability to compete are the following: - we may have less knowledge than our competitors of certain markets in which we seek to purchase or develop facilities; - many of our competitors have greater financial and operational resources than we have; and - our competitors or other entities may determine to pursue a strategy similar to ours. To the extent that we experience vacancies in our facilities, we will also face competition in leasing those facilities to prospective tenants. The actual competition for tenants varies depending on the characteristics of each local market. Virtually all of our facilities operate in a competitive environment, and patients and referral sources, including physicians, may change their preferences for a healthcare facilities from time to time. HEALTHCARE REGULATORY MATTERS The following discussion describes certain material federal healthcare laws and regulations that may affect our operations and those of our tenants. However, the discussion does not address state healthcare laws and regulations, except as otherwise indicated. These state laws and regulations, like the federal healthcare laws and regulations, could affect our operations and those of our tenants. Moreover, the discussion relating to reimbursement for healthcare services addresses matters that are subject to frequent review and revision by Congress and the agencies responsible for administering federal payment programs. Consequently, predicting future reimbursement trends or changes is inherently difficult. Ownership and operation of hospitals and other healthcare facilities are subject, directly and indirectly, to substantial federal, state and local government healthcare laws and regulations. Our tenants' failure to comply with these laws and regulations could adversely affect their ability to meet their lease obligations. Physician investment in us or in our facilities also will be subject to such laws and regulations. We intend for all of our business activities and operations to conform in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations. Anti-Kickback Statute. 42 U.S.C. sec.1320a-7b(b), or the Anti-Kickback Statute, prohibits, among other things, the offer, payment, solicitation or acceptance of remuneration directly or indirectly in return for referring an individual to a provider of services for which payment may be made in whole or in part under a federal healthcare program, including the Medicare or Medicaid programs. Violation of the Anti-Kickback Statute is a crime and is punishable by criminal fines of up to $25,000 per violation, five years imprisonment or both. Violations may also result in civil sanctions, including civil penalties of up to $50,000 per violation, exclusion from participation in federal healthcare programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, and additional monetary penalties in amounts treble to the underlying remuneration. The Anti-Kickback Statute defines the term "remuneration" very broadly and, accordingly, local physician investment in our facilities could trigger scrutiny of our lease arrangements under the Anti-Kickback Statute. In addition to certain statutory exceptions, the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, or OIG, has issued "Safe Harbor Regulations" that describe practices that will not be considered violations of the Anti-Kickback Statute. These include a safe harbor for space rental arrangements which protects payments made by a tenant to a landlord under a lease arrangement meeting certain conditions. We intend to use our commercially reasonable efforts to structure lease arrangements involving facilities in which local physicians are investors and tenants so as to satisfy, or meet as closely as possible, the conditions for the safe harbor for space rental. We cannot assure you, 67
however, that we will meet all the conditions for the safe harbor, and it is unlikely that we will meet all conditions for the safe harbor in those instances in which percentage rent is contemplated and we have physician investors. In addition, federal regulations require that our tenants with purchase options pay fair market value purchase prices for facilities in which we have physician investment. We intend our lease agreement purchase option prices to be fair market value; however, we cannot assure you that all of our purchase options will be at fair market value. Any purchase not at fair market value may present risks of challenge from healthcare regulatory authorities. The fact that a particular arrangement does not fall within a statutory exception or safe harbor does not mean that the arrangement violates the Anti-Kickback Statute. The statutory exception and Safe Harbor Regulations simply provide a guaranty that qualifying arrangements will not be prosecuted under the Anti-Kickback Statute. The implication of the Anti-Kickback Statute could limit our ability to include local physicians as investors or tenants or restrict the types of leases into which we may enter if we wish to include such physicians as investors having direct or indirect ownership interests in our facilities. Federal Physician Self-Referral Statute. Any physicians investing in our company or its subsidiary entities could also be subject to the Ethics in Patient Referrals Act of 1989, or the Stark Law (codified at 42 U.S.C. sec. 1395nn). Unless subject to an exception, the Stark Law prohibits a physician from making a referral to an "entity" furnishing "designated health services" paid by Medicare or Medicaid if the physician or a member of his immediate family has a "financial relationship" with that entity. A reciprocal prohibition bars the entity from billing Medicare or Medicaid for any services furnished pursuant to a prohibited referral. Financial relationships are defined very broadly to include relationships between a physician and an entity in which the physician or the physician's family member has (i) a direct or indirect ownership or investment interest that exists in the entity through equity, debt or other means and includes an interest in an entity that holds a direct or indirect ownership or investment interest in any entity providing designated health services; or (ii) a direct or indirect compensation arrangement with the entity. The Stark Law as originally enacted in 1989 only applied to referrals for clinical laboratory tests reimbursable by Medicare. However, the law was amended in 1993 and 1994 and, effective January 1, 1995, became applicable to referrals for an expanded list of designated health services reimbursable under Medicare or Medicaid. The Stark Law specifies a number of substantial sanctions that may be imposed upon violators. Payment is to be denied for Medicare claims related to designated health services referred in violation of the Stark Law. Further, any amounts collected from individual patients or third-party payors for such designated health services must be refunded on a timely basis. A person who presents or causes to be presented a claim to the Medicare program in violation of the Stark Law is also subject to civil monetary penalties of up to $15,000 per claim, civil money penalties of up to $100,000 per arrangement and possibly even exclusion from participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Final regulations applicable only to physician referrals for clinical laboratory services were published in August 1995. A proposed rule applicable to physician referrals for all designated health services was published in January 1998. In January 2001, CMS published the "Phase I" final rule, which finalized a significant portion of the 1998 proposed rule. On March 26, 2004, CMS issued the second phase of its final regulations addressing physician referrals to entities with which they have a financial relationship (the "Phase II" rule). The Phase II rule addresses and interprets a number of exceptions for ownership and compensation arrangements involving physicians, including the exceptions for space and equipment rentals and the exception for indirect compensation arrangements. The Phase II rule also includes exceptions for physician ownership and investment, including physician ownership of rural providers and hospitals. The new regulation revises the hospital ownership exception to reflect the 18-month moratorium that began December 8, 2003 on physician ownership of specialty hospitals, which was enacted in Section 507 of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003. The Phase II rule became effective on July 26, 2004. 68
In those cases where physicians invest in us or our facilities, we intend to fashion our lease arrangements with healthcare providers to meet the applicable indirect compensation exceptions under the Stark Law, however, no assurance can be given that our leases will satisfy these Stark Law exception requirements. Unlike the Anti-kickback Statute Safe Harbor Regulations, a financial arrangement which implicates the Stark Law must meet the requirements of an applicable exception to avoid a violation of the Stark Law. This may lead to obstacles in permitting local physicians to invest in our facilities or restrict the types of lease arrangements we may enter into if we wish to include such physicians as investors. State Self-Referral Laws. In addition to the Anti-Kickback Statute and the Stark Law, state physician self-referral laws could limit physician investment in our company or restrict the types of leases we may enter into if such physician investment is permitted. Recent Regulatory and Legislative Developments. On August 1, 2003, CMS published the fiscal year 2004 Final Rule for inpatient rehabilitation facilities, or IRFs. Under the Final Rule, all IRFs have received an increase in their prospective payment system rate for fiscal year 2004 due to an across the board 3.2% IRF market basket increase. On July 30, 2004, CMS published the fiscal year 2005 Final Rule which updated the prospective payment rates for IRFs for fiscal year 2005. In updating the fiscal year 2005 payment rates, CMS applied an increase factor to the fiscal year 2004 IRF prospective payment system rates that is equal to the IRF market basket. According to CMS, the projected fiscal year 2005 IRF market basket increase factor is 3.1%. Additionally, the Final Rule calculates the labor-related share for fiscal year 2005. These increases benefit those tenants of ours who operate IRFs. On May 7, 2004, CMS issued a Final Rule to revise the classification criterion, commonly known as the "75 percent rule," used to classify a hospital or hospital unit as an IRF. The compliance threshold is used to distinguish an IRF from an acute care hospital for purposes of payment under the Medicare IRF prospective payment system. The Final Rule implements a three-year period to analyze claims and patient assessment data to determine whether CMS will continue to use a compliance threshold that is lower than 75% or not. For cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2004, and before July 1, 2005, the compliance threshold will be 50% of the IRF's total patient population. The compliance threshold will increase to 60% of the IRF's total patient population for cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2005 and before July 1, 2006, to 65% for cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2006 and before July 1, 2007, and to 75% for cost reporting periods after July 1, 2007. On December 8, 2003, President Bush signed into law the Medicare Prescription Drug and Modernization Act of 2003, or the Act, which contains sweeping changes to the federal health insurance program for the elderly and disabled. The Act includes provisions affecting program payment for inpatient and outpatient hospital services. In total, the Congressional Budget Office estimates that hospitals will receive $24.8 billion over ten years in additional funding due to the Act. Rural hospitals, which may include regional or community hospitals, one of our targeted types of facilities, will benefit most from the reimbursement changes in the Act. Some examples of these reimbursement changes include (i) providing that payment for all hospitals, regardless of geographic location, will be based on the same, higher standardized amount which was previously available only for hospitals located in large urban areas, (ii) reducing the labor share of the standardized amount from 71% to 62% for hospitals with an applicable wage index of less than 1.0, (iii) giving hospitals the ability to seek a higher wage index based on the number of hospital employees who take employment out of the county in which the hospital is located with an employer in a neighboring county with a higher wage index, and (iv) improving critical access hospital program conditions of participation requirements and reimbursement. Medicare disproportionate share hospital, or DSH, payment adjustments for hospitals that are not large urban or large rural hospitals will be calculated using the DSH formula for large urban hospitals, up to a 12% cap in 2004 for all hospitals other than rural referral centers, which are not subject to the cap. The Act provides that sole community hospitals, as defined in 42 U.S.C. sec. 1395 ww(d)(5)(D)(iii), located in rural areas, rural hospitals with 100 or fewer beds, and certain cancer and children's hospitals shall receive Transitional Outpatient Payments, or TOPs, such that these facilities 69
will be paid as much under the Medicare outpatient prospective payment system, or OPPS, as they were paid prior to implementation of OPPS. As of January 1, 2004 all TOPs for community mental health centers and all other hospitals were otherwise discontinued. The "hold harmless" TOPs provided for under the Act will continue for qualifying rural hospitals for services furnished through December 31, 2005 and for sole community hospitals for cost reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2004 and ending on December 31, 2005. Hold harmless TOPs payments continue permanently for cancer and children's hospitals. The Act also requires CMS to provide supplemental payments to acute care hospitals that are located more than 25 road miles from another acute care hospital and have low inpatient volumes, defined to include fewer than 800 discharges per fiscal year, effective on or after October 1, 2004. Total supplemental payments may not exceed 25 percent of the otherwise applicable prospective payment rate. Finally, the Act assures inpatient hospitals that submit certain quality measure data a full inflation update equal to the hospital market basket percentage increase for fiscal years 2005 through 2007. The market basket percentage increase refers to the anticipated rate of inflation for goods and services used by hospitals in providing services to Medicare patients. For fiscal year 2005, the market basket percentage increase for hospitals paid under the inpatient prospective payment system is 3.3 percent. For those inpatient hospitals that do not submit such quality data, the Act provides for an update of market basket minus 0.4 percentage points. The Act also imposes an 18 month moratorium limiting the availability of the "whole hospital exception," or Whole Hospital Exception, under the Stark Law for specialty hospitals. The moratorium began upon enactment of the Act and will continue until June 8, 2005. Prior to the moratorium's expiration, Congress will reevaluate this provision to determine whether it should sunset, be extended or be made permanent. On January 12, 2005, as part of its mandated report on specialty hospitals, the Medicare Payment Advisory Committee, or MedPAC, recommended that Congress extend the 18 month moratorium for an additional period until January 1, 2007. Under the Whole Hospital Exception, the Stark Law currently permits a physician to refer a Medicare or Medicaid patient to a hospital in which the physician has an ownership or investment interest so long as the physician maintains staff privileges at the hospital and the physician's ownership or investment interest is in the hospital as a whole, rather than a subdivision of the facility. Specialty hospitals are defined to mean a hospital subject to the inpatient prospective payment system that is located outside of Puerto Rico, which was neither in operation nor under development as of November 18, 2003, and is primarily or exclusively engaged in treating patients with cardiac or orthopedic conditions, undergoing surgery or receiving any other specialized category of services that the Secretary designates. If a specialty hospital that was in operation or under development as of November 18, 2003 increases the number of physician investors, adds certain new clinical services, augments its bed capacity or violates other requirements to be designated by the Secretary it will become subject to the moratorium. The Act also prohibits physicians from investing in rural specialty hospitals from invoking the alternative Stark Law exception for physician ownership in rural providers. Any acquisition or development of specialty hospitals must comply with the current application and interpretation of the Stark Law. CMS may clarify or modify its definition of specialty hospital, which may result in physicians who own interests in our tenants being forced to divest their ownership. Although the specialty hospital moratorium limits physician ownership or investment in "specialty hospitals" as defined by CMS, it does not limit a physician's ability to hold an ownership or investment interest in facilities which may be leased to hospital operators or other healthcare providers, assuming the lease arrangement conforms to the requirements of an applicable exception under the Stark Law. We intend to structure all of our leases, including leases containing percentage rent arrangements, to comply with applicable exceptions under the Stark Law and to comply with the Anti-kickback Statute. We believe that strong arguments can be made that percentage rent arrangements, when structured properly, should be permissible under the Stark Law and the Anti-kickback law; however, these laws are subject to continued regulatory interpretation and there can be no assurance that such arrangements will continue to be 70
permissible. Accordingly, although we do not currently have any percentage rent arrangements where physicians own an interest in our facilities, we may be prohibited from entering into percentage rent arrangements in the future where physicians own an interest in our facilities. In the event we enter into such arrangements at some point in the future and later find the arrangements no longer comply with the Stark Law or Anti-Kickback Statute, we or our tenants may be subject to penalties under the statutes. The California Department of Health Services recently adopted regulations, codified as Sections 70217, 70225 and 70455 of Title 22 of the California Code of Regulations, or CCR, which establish minimum, specific, numerical licensed nurse-to-patient ratios for specified units of general acute care hospitals. These regulations are effective January 1, 2004. The minimum staffing ratios set forth in 22 CCR 70217(a) co-exist with existing regulations requiring that hospitals have a patient classification system in place. 22 CCR, 70053.2 and 70217. The licensed nurse-to-patient ratios constitute the minimum number of registered nurses, licensed vocational nurses, and, in the case of psychiatric units, licensed psychiatric technicians, who shall be assigned to direct patient care and represent the maximum number of patients that can be assigned to one licensed nurse at any one time. Over the past several years many hospitals have, in response to managed care reimbursement contracts, cut costs by reducing their licensed nursing staff. The California Legislature responded to this trend by requiring a minimum number of licensed nurses at the bedside. Due to this new regulatory requirement, any acute care facilities we target for acquisition or development in California may be required to increase their licensed nursing staff or decrease their admittance rates as a result. On May 7, 2004, CMS issued a final rule to update the annual payment rates for the Medicare prospective payment system for services provided by long term care hospitals. The rule increases the Medicare payment rate for long-term care hospitals by 3.1% starting July 1, 2004. Medicare expects aggregate payment to these hospitals to increase to $2.96 billion during the 2005 long-term care hospital rate year. Long-term care hospitals, one of the types of facilities we are targeting, are defined generally as hospitals that have an average Medicare inpatient length of stay greater than 25 days. CMS issued a proposed rule on February 3, 2005 which contains the proposed annual payment rate updates under the prospective payment system for long-term care hospitals. The proposed rule contains the 2006 long-term care hospital prospective payment system rate for the year July 1, 2005 through June 30, 2006. According to CMS, the proposed standard federal rate for the 2006 long-term care hospital prospective payment system rate year would increase 3.1% compared to the 2005 long-term care hospital prospective payment system rate year standard federal rate due to the proposed update to the long-term care hospital prospective payment system federal rate. In addition, the proposed rule contains policy changes including the adoption of new labor market area definitions for long-term care hospitals which are based on the new Core-Based Statistical Areas announced by the OMB late in 2000. In addition to the extension of the specialty hospital moratorium discussed above, at its January 12, 2005 meeting, MedPAC made extensive recommendations to Congress and the Secretary of HHS including proposing revisions to DRG payments to more fully capture differences in severity of illnesses in an attempt to more equally pay for care provided at general acute care hospitals as compared to specialty hospitals. Furthermore, MedPAC made significant recommendations regarding paying healthcare providers relative to their performance and to the outcomes of the care they provided. MedPAC recommendations have historically provided strong indications regarding future directions of both the regulatory and legislative process. INSURANCE We have purchased general liability insurance (lessor's risk) that provides coverage for bodily injury and property damage to third parties resulting from our ownership of the healthcare facilities that are leased to and occupied by our tenants. Our leases with tenants also require the tenants to carry general liability, professional liability, all risks, loss of earnings and other insurance coverages and to name us as an additional insured under these policies. We expect that the policy specifications and insured limits will be appropriate given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice. 71
EMPLOYEES We employ 16 full-time employees and one part-time employee as of the date of this prospectus. We anticipate hiring approximately five to 10 additional full-time employees during the next 12 months, commensurate with our growth. We believe that our relations with our employees are good. None of our employees is a member of any union. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are not involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation pending or threatened against us. OUR PORTFOLIO OUR CURRENT PORTFOLIO Our current portfolio of facilities consists of nine healthcare facilities, seven of which are in operation and two of which are under development. The Vibra Facilities consist of four rehabilitation hospitals and two long-term acute care hospitals. The Desert Valley Facility is a community hospital with an integrated medical office building. The facilities under development are the West Houston Hospital and the adjacent West Houston MOB that is master-leased by the tenant of the hospital. All of the leases for the hospitals currently in operation have initial terms of 15 years. The initial lease term for the West Houston Hospital began when construction commenced in July 2004 and will end 15 years after completion of construction. The initial lease term for the West Houston MOB began when construction commenced in July 2004 and will end 10 years after completion of construction. Construction of the West Houston MOB is projected to be completed in August 2005 and construction of the West Houston Hospital is projected to be completed in October 2005. The leases for all of the facilities in our current portfolio provide for contractual base rent and an annual rent escalator. The leases for the Vibra Facilities also provide for percentage rent based on an agreed percentage of the tenants' gross revenue. The following tables set forth information, as of March 31, 2005, regarding our current portfolio of facilities:
- --------------- (1) Based on the number of licensed beds. (2) Based on leases in place as of the date of this prospectus. (3) Includes acquisition costs. (4) The tenant in each case is a separate, wholly-owned subsidiary of Vibra Healthcare, LLC. (5) Our interest in this facility is held through a ground lease on the property. The purchase price shown for this facility does not include our payment obligations under the ground lease, the present value of which we have calculated to be $920,579. The calculation of the base rent to be received from Vibra for this facility takes into account the present value of the ground lease payments. (6) Thirty of the 76 beds are pediatric rehabilitation beds operated by HBA Management, Inc. (7) At any time after February 28, 2007, the tenant has the option to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the sum of (i) the purchase price of the facility, and (ii) that amount determined under a formula that would provide us an internal rate of return of 10% per year, increased by 2% of such percentage each year, taking into account all payments of base rent received by us. Facilities Under Development
acquire the operations at these locations. We refer to this loans as the acquisition loan. The acquisition loan accrues interest at the rate of 10.25% per year and are to be repaid over 15 years with interest only for the first three years and the principal balance amortizing over the remaining 12 year period. The acquisition loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty. In connection with the Vibra transactions, Vibra agreed to pay us commitment fees of approximately $1.5 million. MPT Development Services, Inc. also made secured loans totaling approximately $6.2 million to Vibra and its subsidiaries for working capital purposes. The commitment fees were paid, and the working capital loans were repaid, on February 9, 2005. As security for the acquisition loan, Vibra has pledged to us all of its interests in each of the tenants, and Mr. Hollinger has pledged to us his entire interest in Vibra. In addition, Mr. Hollinger, The Hollinger Group and Vibra Management, LLC, another affiliate of Mr. Hollinger, have guaranteed the repayment of the acquisition loan; however, The Hollinger Group and Vibra Management, LLC do not have substantial assets and the liability of Mr. Hollinger under his guaranty is limited to $5.0 million. See "--Lease Guaranties and Security." Leases. Each Vibra lease provides that, so long as the acquisition loan is outstanding, after January 1, 2005, and beginning with the calendar month after the month in which aggregate gross revenues for the Vibra Facilities exceed a revenue threshold, the tenant will pay, in addition to base rent, percentage rent in an amount equal to 2% of revenues for the preceding month. Each calendar month thereafter during the term of each lease, the percentage rent will be decreased pro rata based on the amount of the principal reduction of the acquisition loan during the previous calendar month; however, the percentage rent will not be decreased below 1% of revenues. On March 31, 2005, the leases for the Vibra Facilities were amended to provide (i) that the testing of certain financial covenants will be deferred until the quarter beginning July 1, 2006 and ending September 30, 2006, (ii) that these same financial covenants will be tested on a consolidated basis for all of the Vibra Facilities, (iii) that the reduction in the rate of percentage rent will be made on a monthly rather than annual basis and (iv) that Vibra will escrow insurance premiums and taxes at our request. Prior to execution of this amendment, Vibra did not meet the fixed charge coverage ratios required by the lease agreements. Capital Improvements. The tenant under each Vibra lease is responsible for all capital expenditures required to keep the facility in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Beginning on July 1, 2005, each tenant will make quarterly deposits into a capital improvement reserve account for the particular facility in the amount of $1,500 per bed per year, except that the first deposit will be pro-rated based on one-half of a year. On each January 1 thereafter, the payment of $1,500 per bed per year into the capital improvement reserve will be increased by 2.5%. All capital expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the capital improvement reserve, and the tenant will pay into its respective capital improvement reserve such funds as necessary for all replacements and repairs. Lease Guaranties and Security. Each Vibra lease is guaranteed by Mr. Hollinger, Vibra, Vibra Management, LLC and The Hollinger Group. Mr. Hollinger's guaranty is limited to $5.0 million. Vibra Management, LLC and The Hollinger Group do not have substantial assets. Accordingly, in the event that we must rely on these guaranties to recover our investments in the Vibra leases and the acquisition loan, the guarantors' assets may be insufficient for us to recover the amounts due to us under the leases and the loan. Each Vibra lease is cross-defaulted with the other leases for the Vibra Facilities. In addition, Vibra has pledged to us all of its interests in each of the tenants, and Mr. Hollinger has pledged to us his interest in Vibra. As security for the leases, each of the Vibra tenants has granted us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located at the Vibra Facilities. The management fees that the Vibra tenants pay to Vibra Management, LLC are subordinated to the rents payable to us under the Vibra leases. 74
Purchase Option. At the expiration of each Vibra lease, each tenant will have the option to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, determined assuming the lease is still in place, or (ii) the purchase price we paid for the facility, including acquisition costs, increased by 2.5% per annum from the date of purchase. Depreciation and Real Estate Taxes. The following table sets forth information, as of March 31, 2005, regarding the depreciation and real estate taxes for the Vibra Facilities:
September 30, 2005 is approximately $1,112,980 per annum, with adjustments annually thereafter. In addition to base annual rent, HBA is required to pay its proportionate share of all reimbursable expenses. FRESNO, CALIFORNIA General. This facility, licensed for 62 beds, is an approximately 78,258 gross square foot rehabilitation hospital located in Fresno, California. Construction of the facility was completed in 1990. We acquired a fee simple interest in this facility on July 1, 2004 for approximately $18.7 million including acquisition costs. Lease. This facility is 100% leased to 7173 North Sharon Avenue Operating Company, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vibra, pursuant to a 15 year net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. The tenant has three options to renew for five years each. Beginning on July 1, 2005, the per annum base rent will be equal to 12.23% of the purchase price, including acquisition costs. On January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by 2.5%. THORNTON, COLORADO General. This facility, licensed for 117 beds, is an approximately 141,388 gross square foot rehabilitation hospital located in Thornton, Colorado, which is approximately 10 miles from Denver, Colorado. Of the 117 beds, 70 are rehabilitation beds, 23 are psychiatric beds and 24 are skilled nursing care beds. Construction of the original facility was completed in 1962 with additions completed as recently as 1975. We acquired a fee simple interest in this facility on August 17, 2004 for a purchase price of approximately $8.5 million including acquisition costs. Lease. This facility is 100% leased to 8451 Pearl Street Operating Company, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vibra, pursuant to a 15 year net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. The tenant has three options to renew for five years each. Beginning on August 17, 2005, the per annum base rent will be equal to 12.23% of the purchase price, including acquisition costs. On January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by 2.5%. NEW BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS General. This facility, licensed for 90 beds, is an approximately 70,657 gross square foot long-term acute care hospital located in New Bedford, Massachusetts, which is approximately 45 miles from Boston, Massachusetts. Construction of the original facility was completed in 1942 with additions completed as recently as 1995. We acquired a fee simple interest in this facility on August 17, 2004 for a purchase price of approximately $22.0 million including acquisition costs. Lease. This facility is 100% leased to 4499 Acushnet Avenue Operating Company, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vibra, pursuant to a 15 year net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. The tenant has three options to renew for five years each. Beginning on August 17, 2005, the per annum base rent will be equal to 12.23% of the purchase price, including acquisition costs. On January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by 2.5%. KENTFIELD, CALIFORNIA General. This facility, licensed for 60 beds, is an approximately 43,500 gross square foot long-term acute care hospital located in Kentfield, California, which is approximately 15 miles from San Francisco, California. Construction of the facility was completed in 1963 with the last renovations in 1988. We acquired a fee simple interest in this facility on July 1, 2004 for a purchase price of approximately $7.6 million including acquisition costs. 76
Lease. This facility is 100% leased to 1125 Sir Francis Drake Boulevard Operating Company, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vibra, pursuant to a 15 year net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. The tenant has three options to renew for five years each. Beginning on July 1, 2005, the per annum base rent will be equal to 12.23% of the purchase price, including acquisition costs. On January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by 2.5%. DESERT VALLEY FACILITY General. On February 28, 2005, we acquired a fee simple interest in the Desert Valley Facility located in Victorville, California, which is approximately 75 miles from Los Angeles, California. The approximately 122,140 square foot community hospital facility, built in 1994, is licensed for 83 beds and has an integrated medical office building comprising approximately 50,000 square feet. We acquired the facility from Prime A Investments, LLC, an unaffiliated third party, for a purchase price of approximately $28.0 million. The purchase price was determined through arms-length negotiations with Prime A Investments, LLC based upon our analysis of various factors. These factors included the demographics of the area in which the facility is located, the capability of the tenant to operate the facility, healthcare spending trends in the geographic area, the structural integrity of the facility, governmental regulatory trends which may impact the services provided by the tenant, and the financial and economic returns which we require for making an investment. Lease. This facility is 100% leased to DVH, an affiliate of Prime A Investments, LLC. The principals of DVH have experience in developing, acquiring, managing and operating acute care hospital facilities. The lease is a 15-year net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. DVH has three options to renew for five years each. Currently, the annual base rent is equal to 10% of the purchase price, or the annual rate of $2.8 million. On January 1, 2006, and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (i) 2% per year of the prior year's base rent or (ii) the percentage by which the CPI as published by the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics on January 1 shall have increased over the CPI figure in effect on the immediately preceding January 1, annualized based on the highest annual rate effective during the preceding year if the previous year's base rent is for a partial year. The lease requires DVH to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. DVH has subleased approximately 40,110 square feet of space in the medical office portion of the facility to its affiliate, Desert Valley Medical Group, Inc., or DVMG, for office use. The DVMG lease requires DVMG to pay rent of $50,137.50 per month, to be adjusted commencing on January 1, 2006 by the CPI. The DVMG sublease expires on December 31, 2011. DVH has also subleased approximately 500 square feet of space in the facility to Network Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the operation of a pharmacy. The pharmacy sublease requires the tenant to pay annual rent of $2,000 per month. The pharmacy sublease currently expires on May 15, 2007, subject to the pharmacy's option to renew for a term of 10 years. Lease Guaranties and Security. The Desert Valley lease is guaranteed by Prime A Investments, L.L.C., Desert Valley Health System, Inc. and Desert Valley Medical Group, Inc. The guaranty is an absolute and irrevocable guaranty. The lease is cross-defaulted with any other leases between us or any of our affiliates and DVH, any guarantor and any of their affiliates. In addition, as security for the lease, DVH has granted us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located at the Desert Valley Facility, subject to purchase money liens on equipment. Desert Valley Hospital, Inc. has provided to us unaudited financial statements reflecting that, as of December 31, 2004, it had tangible assets of approximately $18.4 million, liabilities of approximately $18.4 million and $0 stockholders' equity, and for the year ended December 31, 2004 had net income of approximately $8.3 million. 77
Reserve for Extraordinary Repairs. DVH is responsible for all maintenance and repairs and all extraordinary repairs required to keep the facility in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and as required under the lease. DVH is required to make quarterly deposits into a reserve account in the amount of $2,500 per bed per year. Beginning on January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the payment of $2,500 per bed per year into the improvement reserve will be increased by 2%. All extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease are to be funded first from the reserve, and DVH is to pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Purchase Options. At any time after February 28, 2007, so long as DVH and its affiliates are not in default under any lease with us or any of the leases with its subtenants, DVH will have the option, upon 90 days' prior written notice, to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the sum of (i) the purchase price of the facility, and (ii) that amount determined under a formula that would provide us an internal rate of return of 10% per year, increased by 2% of such percentage each year, taking into account all payments of base rent received by us. If during the term of the lease we receive from the previous owner or any of its affiliates a written offer to purchase the Desert Valley Facility and we are willing to accept the offer, so long as DVH and its affiliates are not in default under any lease with us or any of the subleases with its subtenants, we must first present the offer to DVH and allow DVH the right to purchase the facility upon the same price, terms and conditions as set forth in the offer; however, if the offer is made after February 28, 2007, in lieu of exercising its right of first refusal, DVH may exercise its option to purchase as provided above. Depreciation and Real Estate Taxes. The following table sets forth information, as of December 31, 2004, regarding the depreciation and real estate taxes for the Desert Valley Facility:
Stealth and GPMV, we have formed two Delaware limited partnerships, MPT West Houston Hospital, L.P., or the hospital limited partnership, which will own the West Houston Hospital, and MPT West Houston MOB, L.P., or the MOB limited partnership, which will own the adjoining West Houston MOB. Stealth will be required to maintain insurance that is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. West Houston GP, L.P., an affiliate of GPMV, holds a 25% general partnership interest in Stealth. The limited partners of Stealth, which currently hold a 75% interest, consist of 85 physicians. The sole business of Stealth is the operation of the West Houston Hospital offering multi-specialty services and the West Houston MOB. Because those facilities are still in the construction phase, Stealth has had no meaningful operations to date. Our operating partnership owns an approximate 93% limited partnership interest in the hospital limited partnership and Stealth owns an approximate 6% limited partnership interest. MPT West Houston Hospital, LLC, a wholly-owned limited liability company of our operating partnership, owns the 1% general partnership interest in the hospital limited partnership. Currently, our operating partnership owns all of the limited partnership interests in the MOB limited partnership and MPT West Houston MOB, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of our operating partnership, owns the 1% general partnership interest. We have sold limited partnership interests in the MOB limited partnership to physicians and others associated with our tenant or subtenants of the West Houston MOB. The hospital limited partnership and MOB limited partnership each own a fee simple interest in the undeveloped land on which the facilities are being constructed, as well as adjacent undeveloped land. In addition, Stealth has an option throughout the term of the lease to reacquire approximately 14.5 acres of land owned by the hospital limited partnership, which land is located adjacent to the land on which the facilities are being constructed. The option price for this parcel is equal to the original cost to us. Stealth also has a right of first offer throughout the term of the lease to purchase this parcel should we determine to sell it to a third party. In connection with the development of the West Houston Facilities, we are entitled to a commitment fee of approximately $932,125. This fee is to be paid 15 years from the date of completion of the hospital facility, with interest thereon at the rate of 10.75% per year, and is unsecured but is cross-defaulted with the leases we have with Stealth at the West Houston Facilities. Stealth is to commence making monthly interest payments beginning the first month after completion of the West Houston Hospital. In addition, MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, has agreed to make a working capital loan to Stealth in an amount up to $1.62 million. To date, no funds have been drawn by Stealth. This loan is to be repaid 15 years from the date of completion of the West Houston Hospital, with interest at the rate of 10.75% per year, and is unsecured but cross-defaulted with the leases we have with Stealth at the West Houston Facilities. The loans are not guaranteed. The leases contain certain debt coverage ratio and other financial covenants, the default of which would constitute a default under the loans. Stealth is obligated to commence making monthly interest payments beginning the first month after completion of the West Houston Hospital. Either the fee or the working capital loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty, except that a minimum prepayment of $500,000 is required for the working capital loan. If either we or Stealth determine in good faith, after consultation with healthcare counsel, that healthcare law prohibitions or restrictions require the physician-limited partners to divest their ownership interests in Stealth, we have agreed to issue up to $6 million of limited partnership interests in the hospital limited partnership to Stealth to be used as part of the consideration to completely redeem the physician-limited partners' ownership interests in Stealth. We have agreed to lend Stealth the $6 million to purchase the limited partnership interests in the hospital limited partnership, which loan would accrue interest at the rate of not less than 10.75% per year, and would be paid over 10 years. If this transaction is necessary, we do not expect it to occur prior to the end of the second quarter of 2005. Development Agreements. The hospital limited partnership has agreed to pay GPMV a development fee of approximately $700,000, a construction management fee not to exceed $200,000, and a contingent funds fee of approximately $450,000. The MOB limited partnership has agreed to pay the developer of the West Houston MOB a development fee of approximately $550,000, a construction management fee of 79
$300,000, and a contingent funds fee of approximately $350,000. Upon the completion of the development of the facilities, we will obtain independent as-built appraisals of the facilities. Stealth is obligated to pay MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, a project inspection fee for construction coordination services of $100,000 in the case of the West Houston Hospital and $50,000 in the case of the adjacent West Houston MOB. These fees are to be paid, with interest at the rate of 10.75% per year, over a 15 year period beginning on the date that the West Houston Hospital is completed. The total development costs for the facilities, including acquisition cost, development services fee, commitment fee, project management fee, and construction costs, are estimated to be $42.6 million for the hospital facility and $20.5 million for the medical office building. Construction, which commenced in July 2004, is expected to be completed in October 2005 for the West Houston Hospital and in August 2005 for the adjacent West Houston MOB. During the construction period, we will advance funds pursuant to requests made in accordance with the terms of the development agreements between us and the developers. We have agreed to fund 100% of the total development costs for the West Houston Hospital and the adjacent West Houston MOB. Our agreement with Stealth provides that $17,006,803 of this funding will be in the form of an equity contribution for the West Houston Hospital, with the remaining funding being in the form of debt, and for the adjoining West Houston MOB, our agreement with Stealth provides that $5.0 million of the funding will be in the form of an equity contribution or subordinated debt, with the remaining funding being in the form of debt. If we obtain third-party construction financing, the debt portion of the development costs will be provided by the third-party lender. Leases. We are leasing the facilities to Stealth during the construction phase with rent accruing until the completion dates and the accrued rent to be paid over the remaining lease term once the facilities are completed. Following the completion dates, the lease term will extend for a period of 15 years for the West Houston Hospital and 10 years for the West Houston MOB. Stealth will have three options to renew each lease for a period of five years each. On January 1, 2006 and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent for the West Houston Hospital will increase 2.5% and the base rent for the West Houston MOB will increase 2.0%. The leases are net-leases with Stealth responsible for all costs and expenses associated with the operation, maintenance and repair of the facilities. Triumph has subleased an entire floor of the West Houston Hospital in order to operate 34 long-term acute care beds. The sublease is for a term of 180 months following the completion of the construction of the West Houston Hospital. The sublease grants to Triumph options to extend the term of the sublease for three additional periods of five years each. The sublease requires Triumph to pay rent in an amount equal to 12% of all rent and other charges payable by Stealth to us under our lease with Stealth, with certain exclusions. The sublease provides that Stealth's obligations under the sublease are conditioned upon the execution of a guaranty by Triumph HealthCare of Texas, L.L.C. and Triumph HealthCare, L.L.P. The sublease grants Stealth the right to relocate Triumph to a new facility to be constructed adjacent to and attached to the West Houston Hospital. In order to exercise the relocation right, Stealth must give Triumph at least 270 days' notice prior to the date of such relocation. Triumph must vacate the subleased premises on or before the relocation date specified in the notice from Stealth, which cannot be earlier than 270 days after the date of the relocation notice. Triumph has subleased 9,726 square feet of net rentable area in the West Houston MOB for use as a medical office exclusively for the practice of medicine, the operation of a medical office and the provision of related administrative services, or medical related use. The sublease is for a term of 120 months following the earlier of the date of final completion of the leasehold improvements, or the date on which Triumph commences business in the subleased premises. The sublease grants to Triumph options to extend the term of the sublease for four additional periods of five years each. The sublease requires Triumph to pay annual base rent for year one through ten calculated at $20 per net rentable square foot. Beginning on the first anniversary of the lease and on each anniversary date thereafter, base rent is increased to an amount equal to 1.02 times or 102% of the base rent payable in the previous year. The lease also requires Triumph to pay its pro rata share of annual operating expenses, taxes and insurance relating to the West Houston MOB. The sublease provides that Stealth's obligations under the sublease are conditioned upon 80
the execution of a guaranty by Triumph HealthCare of Texas, L.L.C. and Triumph HealthCare, L.L.P. The West Houston MOB sublease with Triumph also runs concurrently with Stealth's lease with us. In the event our lease with Stealth is terminated, the sublease on the hospital with Triumph is also terminated. Purchase Option. After the first full 12 month period after construction of each of the West Houston Facilities is completed, as long as Stealth is not in default under either of its leases with us or any of the leases with its physician subtenants, Stealth has the right to purchase the West Houston MOB and the West Houston Hospital at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) that amount determined under a formula that would provide us an internal rate of return of at least 18% or (ii) the appraised value based on a 15 year lease in place. To arrive at the appraised value, each of the parties chooses an appraiser. If the appraisals obtained are not materially different, (meaning a 10% or more variance), 50% of the sum of each appraised value is used as the option price. If the two appraisals are materially different, then the two appraisers appoint a third appraiser and the appraiser's valuation which differs greatest from the other two appraisers is excluded and 50% of the sum of the two remaining determinations is used as the option price. The costs of the appraisal process are borne equally by the parties. Upon written notice to us within 90 days of the expiration of the applicable lease, as long as Stealth is not in default under either of its leases with us or any of the leases with its physician subtenants, Stealth will have the option to purchase the West Houston MOB or the West Houston Hospital at a price equal to the greater of (i) the total development costs (including any capital additions funded by us, but excluding any capital additions funded by Stealth) increased by 2.5% per year, or (ii) the appraised value based on a 15 year lease in place. To arrive at the appraised value, each of the parties chooses an appraiser. If the appraisals obtained are not materially different, (meaning a 10% or more variance), 50% of the sum of each appraised value is used as the option price. If the two appraisals are materially different, then the two appraisers appoint a third appraiser and the appraiser's valuation which differs greatest from the other two appraisers is excluded and 50% of the sum of the two remaining determinations is used as the option price. The costs of the appraisal process are borne equally by the parties. The leases also provide that under certain limited circumstances, the tenant will have the right to present us with a choice of one out of three proposed exchange facilities to be substituted for the leased facility. The tenant will have the right to propose substitute facilities, if not in default, at any time prior to the expiration of the term, if (i) in the good faith judgment of the tenant the facility becomes uneconomic or unsuitable for its primary intended use, (ii) there is an eviction or interference caused by any claim of paramount title, or (iii) if for other prudent business reasons, the tenant desires to terminate the lease. The tenant will have the obligation to substitute facilities if it has discontinued use of the facility for a period in excess of one year, and we have not exercised our right to terminate the lease. Each proposed substitution facility must: (i) provide us with an annual return on our equity in such facility, or yield, substantially equivalent to our yield from the original facility (ii) provide us with rent with a substantially equivalent yield taking into account any cash adjustment paid or received by us and any other relevant factors, and (iii) have a fair market value in an amount equal to the fair market value of the original facility, taking into account any cash adjustment paid or received by us. If we elect to consummate the exchange, the existing lease would terminate and the parties would enter into a new lease for the substituted facility. If we elect not to proceed with the exchange, the tenant would have the right to terminate the lease and purchase the leased facility for appraised value, determined assuming the lease is still in place. Right of First Offer to Purchase. At any time during the term of the applicable lease for either of the West Houston Facilities, as long as Stealth is not in default under either of its leases with us or any of the leases with its physician subtenants, we are required to notify Stealth if we intend to sell either facility to a third party. If Stealth wishes to offer to purchase the facility, it must notify us in writing within 15 days, setting forth the terms and conditions of the proposed purchase. If we accept Stealth's offer, Stealth must close the purchase within 45 days of the date of our acceptance. Security. The leases for the West Houston Facilities are cross-defaulted and are guaranteed by West Houston G.P., L.P. and West Houston Joint Ventures, Inc., affiliates of Stealth. To secure its performance of its lease obligations under the West Houston Hospital lease, Stealth has obtained a certificate of deposit in the amount of $1,905,234, of which we are the beneficiary. The sublease between Stealth and Triumph 81
requires Triumph to obtain a certificate of deposit in the amount of $400,000 to secure the performance of its obligations under its sublease with Stealth. However, subject to execution of definitive agreements, we, Stealth and Triumph have agreed that Triumph shall obtain and deliver to us a $400,000 letter of credit, in lieu of the certificate of deposit, to be held by us. The sublease has been assigned to us as collateral security for Stealth's performance under its lease. Under the lease and the sublease, each of Stealth and Triumph, respectively, are required to give us a security interest in these certificates of deposit and to enter into control agreements with us and the issuing banks which provide that the banks will follow our instructions regarding the certificates of deposit. Once the West Houston Hospital commences operations, Stealth is required to substitute a letter of credit in the amount of $1,905,234 in place of the $1,905,234 certificate of deposit; and on May 1, 2005, the sublease requires that Triumph substitute a letter of credit in the amount of $1,000,000 in place of the $400,000 certificate of deposit. The lease further provides that the Stealth letter of credit may be released in two increments of 50% of the total amount of the letter of credit over a 2 year period following the date on which Stealth generates a total rent (excluding additional charges) coverage from EBITDAR of at least 200% for 12 consecutive months. Stealth has provided to us unaudited financial statements reflecting that, as of December 31, 2004, it had tangible assets of approximately $6.0 million, including cash of approximately $4.6 million, liabilities of approximately $281,328 and owners' equity of approximately $5.7 million. Neither of the guarantors has any substantial assets, other than its interest in Stealth. Capital Improvements. Stealth is responsible for all capital expenditures required to keep the West Houston Facilities in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Beginning on January 1, 2005, Stealth will make monthly deposits into a capital improvement reserve in the amount of $3,000 per year in the case of the West Houston MOB and $2,500 per bed per annum in the case of the West Houston Hospital. On each January 1 thereafter, the payment into the capital improvement reserve will be increased by 2.0% in the case of the West Houston MOB and by 2.25% in the case of the West Houston Hospital. All capital expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the capital improvement reserve, and the tenant will pay into its respective capital improvement reserve such funds as necessary for all replacements and repairs. Depreciation and Real Estate Taxes. The following table sets forth information, as of December 31, 2004, regarding the estimated depreciation and real estate taxes for the Houston Facilities:
OUR PENDING ACQUISITIONS AND DEVELOPMENTS We intend to use a portion of the net proceeds of this offering to expand our portfolio by acquiring or developing Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities under the terms of the contacts or letters of commitment relating to these facilities. The leases for each of these facilities will provide for contractual base rent and an annual rent escalator. The letters of commitment constitute agreements of the parties to consummate the acquisition or development transactions and enter into leases on the terms set forth in the letters of commitment subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the execution of mutually-acceptable definitive agreements. The following tables contain information regarding the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities as of the date of this prospectus: Operating Facilities -- Acquisitions
- --------------- * Under letter of commitment. ** Under contract. (1) Based on the number of licensed beds. (2) The annual rent increase is the greater of 2.5% and any change in the CPI. (3) We expect that each of these leases will have a 15 year term commencing on the date that construction of the facility is completed. COVINGTON AND DENHAM SPRINGS, LOUISIANA General. On March 14, 2005, we entered into a letter of commitment with Covington Healthcare Properties, L.L.C., or Covington, and Denham Springs Healthcare Properties, L.L.C., or Denham Springs, both unaffiliated third parties, to purchase two long-term acute care hospital facilities. One facility, which we refer to as the Covington Facility, is located in Covington, Louisiana, which is approximately 35 miles from New Orleans, Louisiana. The Covington Facility contains approximately 43,250 square feet of space and is licensed for 58 beds. The letter of commitment provides that our purchase price for the Covington Facility will be approximately $11,150,000. The other facility, which we refer to as to Denham Springs Facility, is located in Denham Springs, Louisiana, which is approximately 10 miles from Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The Denham Springs Facility contains approximately 36,000 square feet of space and is licensed for 59 beds. The letter of commitment provides that our purchase price for the Denham Springs Facility will be approximately $6.0 million. The purchase price for each of the Covington Facility and the Denham Springs Facility was arrived at through arms-length negotiations based upon our analysis of various factors. These factors included the demographics of the area in which the facility is located, the capability of the tenant to operate the facility, healthcare spending trends in the geographic area, the structural integrity of the facility, governmental regulatory trends which may impact the services provided by the tenant, and the financial and economic returns which we require for making an investment. We intend to form a Delaware limited liability company, MPT of Covington, LLC, which will own the Covington Facility, and a Delaware limited liability company, MPT of Denham Springs, LLC, which will own the Denham Springs Facility. Initially, our operating partnership will own all of the membership interests in each of these limited liability companies; however, at some point following closing, we have agreed to offer up to 30% of the interests in each of these limited liability companies to local physicians. Lease. The letter of commitment provides that at the time we purchase the Covington Facility, we will lease 100% of the facility to Gulf States Long Term Acute Care of Covington, L.L.C. or its affiliate for a 15-year term, with 3 options to renew for 5 years each. At the time we purchase the Denham Springs Facility, we will lease 100% of the facility to Gulf States Long Term Acute Care of Denham Springs, L.L.C. or its affiliate for a 15-year term, with 3 options to renew for 5 years each. Each lease will be a net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance, maintenance and capital improvements. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10.5% per annum of the purchase price plus any costs and charges that may be capitalized, which base rent will be payable in monthly installments. The letter of commitment provides that on each January 1, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI on January 1 shall have increased over the CPI figure in effect on the then just previous January 1; provided, however, on January 1, 2006, the adjustment shall be prorated. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will also require the tenant to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. Repair and Replacement Reserve. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require the tenant, commencing on the date we purchase the facility, to make annual deposits into a reserve account. We expect that each lease will provide that on each January 1 following the date we purchase the facility, the payment into the reserve account will be increased, and that all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the reserve, and the tenant will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. 84
Security. The letter of commitment provides that, as security for each lease, the tenant will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the respective facility. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will also require the tenant to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to six months' base rent under the lease, and will provide that at such time as the operations in the facility have generated EBITDAR coverage of at least two times the base rent for eight consecutive fiscal quarters, the letter of credit may be reduced to an amount equal to three months of the base rent then in effect. If, however, after satisfying the conditions necessary to reduce the letter of credit to three months' base rent, EBITDAR coverage subsequently drops below two times base rent for two consecutive fiscal quarters, the letter of credit will be increased to six months' base rent. The letter of commitment provides that the leases will be cross-defaulted with any other lease or agreement between the parties. Gulf States Health Services, Inc. has provided to us unaudited financial statements reflecting that, as of September 30, 2004, it had tangible assets of approximately $8.3 million, liabilities of approximately $8.1 million and stockholders' equity of approximately $1.5 million, and for the nine month period ended September 30, 2004 had net income of approximately $700,000. Team Rehab, L.L.C., which is one of the guarantors of the leases, has provided to us unaudited financial statements reflecting that, as of December 31, 2004, it had tangible assets of approximately $21.3 million, liabilities of approximately $9.2 million and owner's equity of approximately $12.1 million, and for the year ended December 31, 2004 had net income of approximately $1.7 million. The letter of commitment provides that the lease for the Covington Facility will require that, as of the commencement date of the lease and at all times during the lease term, the tenant and its affiliates, Team Rehab, LLC, Gulf States Health Services, Inc. and Jamestown Healthcare Properties, LLC, maintain an aggregate tangible net worth in an amount to be mutually agreed upon with us. The letter of commitment provides that the lease for the Denham Springs Facility will require that, as of the commencement date of the lease and at all times during the lease, the tenant and its affiliates, Team Rehab, L.L.C., Gulf States Health Services, Inc. and Jamestown Healthcare Properties, LLC, maintain an aggregate tangible net worth in an amount to be mutually agreed upon. Purchase Options. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will provide that so long as the tenant is not in default, and no event has occurred which with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a default under its (and its affiliates) leases with us or any of our affiliates or any of the leases with its subtenants, the tenant will have the option to purchase the facility (i) at the expiration of the initial term and each extension term of the lease, to be exercised by 90 days' written notice prior to the expiration of the initial term and each extension term, and (ii) within 90 days of written notification from us exercising our right to terminate the engagement of the tenant's or its affiliate's management company as the management company for the facility as a result of an event of default under the lease. Each lease will provide that the purchase price shall be equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, assuming the lease remains in effect for 15 years and not taking into account any purchase options contained therein, or (ii) the purchase price paid by us for the facility, increased annually by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum from the date of the lease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1. Commitment Fee. We will be entitled to a commitment fee at the closing of the purchase of the Covington Facility equal to 1% of the purchase price, $16,250 of which has already been paid. The letter of commitment provides that we will be entitled to a commitment fee at the closing of the purchase of the Denham Springs Facility equal to 1% of the purchase price, $6,250 of which has already been paid. HAMMOND, LOUISIANA General. On April 1, 2005, we entered into a letter of commitment with Hammond Healthcare Properties, LLC, or Hammond Properties, and Hammond Rehabilitation Hospital, LLC, or Hammond Hospital, both unaffiliated third parties, to provide a mortgage loan to Hammond Properties and enter into a put-call option arrangement relating to our purchase of the facility from Hammond Properties and our leaseback of the facility to Hammond Hospital or its affiliates. 85
The facility is a long-term acute care hospital located in Hammond, Louisiana, which is approximately 45 miles from New Orleans, Louisiana. The facility contains approximately 23,835 square feet of space and is licensed for 40 beds. The letter of commitment provides that, under the mortgage loan transaction, we will lend to Hammond Properties the sum of $8.0 million, which will bear interest at the rate of 10.5% per year and be payable interest only on a monthly basis with a balloon payment due and payable at the expiration of the put-call option period described below or, if the put-call option is exercised, at closing of our purchase of the facility. The letter of commitment provides that the loan will be secured by a first mortgage on the facility and by the other collateral and guaranteed as described below. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time of the mortgage loan closing, we will enter into a put-call option agreement with Hammond Properties providing that either party will have the option, exercisable within 90 days following the one year anniversary of the loan closing, to cause the purchase and sale of the facility, subject to applicable conditions, for a purchase price of the greater of (i) $10,285,714 or (ii) the quotient determined by dividing the annual rental payments by .105 (but not to exceed $11 million). The purchase price was arrived at through arm's-length negotiations based upon our analysis of various factors, including the demographics of the area in which the facility is located, the capability of the tenant to operate the facility, healthcare spending in the geographic area, the structural integrity of the facility, governmental regulatory trends which may impact the services provided by the facility, and the financial and economic returns which we require for making an investment. If the put-call option is exercised, we will form a Delaware limited liability company, MPT of Hammond, LLC, which will own the facility. Initially, our operating partnership will own all of the membership interests in this limited liability company; however, the letter of commitment provides that, at some point following closing, we have agreed to offer up to 30% of the interests in this limited liability company to local physicians. Lease. The letter of commitment provides that, if the put-call option is exercised, we will lease 100% of the facility to Hammond Hospital or its affiliate for a 15-year term, with three options to renew for five years each. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will be a net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance, maintenance and capital improvements. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10.50% per annum of the purchase price plus any costs and charges that may be capitalized, which base rent will be payable in monthly installments. The letter of commitment provides that, on each January 1 beginning January 1, 2007, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI on January 1 shall have increased over the CPI figure in effect on the then just previous January 1. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will require the tenant to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. Repair and Replacement Reserve. The letter of commitment provides that the tenant, commencing on the date we purchase the facility, will make annual deposits into a reserve account. We expect that the lease will provide that on each January 1 following the date we purchase the facility, the payment into the reserve account will be increased, and that all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the reserve, and the tenant will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Security. The letter of commitment provides that, as security for the mortgage loan and the lease, Hammond Properties or the tenant, as the case may be, will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the facility. The letter of commitment requires Hammond Properties and the tenant to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to six months' debt service or base rent under the lease, as the case may be, and that at such time as the operations in the facility have generated EBITDAR coverage of at least two times the base rent for eight consecutive fiscal quarters, the letter of credit may be reduced to an amount equal to three months of the 86
base rent then in effect. If, however, after satisfying the conditions necessary to reduce the letter of credit to three months' base rent, EBITDAR coverage subsequently drops below two times base rent for two consecutive fiscal quarters, the letter of credit will be increased to six months' base rent. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will be cross-defaulted with any other lease or agreement between the parties. The letter of commitment provides that the loan and lease will be jointly and severally guaranteed by Hammond Properties, certain affiliates of Hammond Properties and Gulf States Health Services, Inc. For information about the financial condition of Gulf States Health Services, Inc., see the description of the Covington and Denham Springs facilities above. Purchase Options. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will provide that so long as the tenant is not in default, and no event has occurred which with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a default under its (and its affiliates) leases with us or any of our affiliates or any of the leases with its subtenants, the tenant will have the option to purchase the facility at the expiration of the initial term and each extension term of the lease. The letter of commitment provides that the purchase price shall be equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, assuming the lease remains in effect for 15 years and not taking into account any purchase options contained therein, or (ii) the purchase price paid by us for the facility, increased annually by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum from the date of the lease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1. The parties will agree upon the notice and closing periods applicable to these purchase options. Net Worth Covenant. The letter of commitment provides that the loan and lease documents will require that, as of the loan closing and throughout the loan and lease terms, Hammond Properties, Hammond Hospital and Gulf States Health Services, Inc. must maintain an aggregate tangible net worth in an amount to be mutually agreed upon with us. Commitment Fee. The letter of commitment provides that we will be entitled to a commitment fee at the closing of the loan equal to $80,000, $25,000 of which has already been paid. The letter of commitment further provides that we will be entitled to a commitment fee at the closing of the sale transaction equal to 1% of the purchase price, less the amount of all commitment fees previously paid. BENSALEM, PENNSYLVANIA General. On March 3, 2005, we entered into a purchase and sales agreement with Bucks County Oncoplastic Institute, LLC, or BCO, Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D., M. Stephen Harrison and DSI Facility Development, LLC, or the developer, all unaffiliated third parties, to purchase land and develop a women's hospital facility with an integrated medical office building in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, which is approximately 15 miles from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The purchase and sale agreement was amended on April 29, 2005 to extend the closing date to June 30, 2005, add G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. as a party and to increase the amount of pre-closing development costs we have agreed to advance to approximately $2.0 million. BCO has entered into a contract with the owner of the land upon which the facility will be constructed for the purchase of the land. We intend to enter into a development agreement with the developer to develop the facility. The total development costs to develop the facility, including the cost of the land, are estimated at approximately $38.0 million. We have agreed to advance up to approximately $2.0 million of development costs prior to closing, which advances bear interest at the rate of 10.75% and are guaranteed to the extent of $1.3 million by Dr. Tannenbaum, $300,000 by Mr. Harrison and $385,000 by Dr. Maxwell. Lease. We have formed a Delaware limited partnership, MPT of Bucks County Hospital, L.P., to own the facility. At the time we purchase the land, we intend to lease back 100% of the land to BCO for a 15-year term, with three options to renew for five years each. We will lend to BCO the amounts necessary for construction of the improvements with interest at 10.75% and, subject to certain conditions, purchase from and lease to BCO the improvements upon their completion. The lease is to be a net-lease with BCO responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and 87
maintenance. The lease will require BCO to pay monthly rent or, alternatively, interest during the construction period in a per annum amount equal to 10.75% multiplied by the total amount of the funds disbursed under the development agreement. The lease will require the tenant to pay, following the completion of construction of the facility, base rent in an amount equal to 10.75% per annum of the total development costs, which base rent will be payable in monthly installments. The lease will provide that on January 1, 2006, and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI, has increased over the CPI figure in effect on the previous January 1. The lease will also require BCO to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. The lease will require BCO to pay us on the commencement date of the lease an amount equal to $7,500 to cover the cost of the physical inspections of the facility, which fee will, beginning on January 1, 2006, and continuing on each January 1 thereafter, be increased by 2.5% per annum. In addition to the inspection fee, the total development costs will also include a fee equal to $75,000 to cover our inspection of the facility during the construction period. Capital Improvement Reserve. The lease will require BCO to be responsible for all maintenance and repairs and all extraordinary repairs required to keep the facility in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations and as required under the lease. The lease will also require BCO, beginning on the completion of construction of the facility, to make annual deposits into a reserve account in the amount of $2,500 per bed per year. The lease will provide that beginning on the first January 1 after the completion of construction, the payment of $2,500 per bed per year into the improvement reserve will be increased by 2.5%. We expect the lease to provide that all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the reserve, and BCO will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Security. As security for the lease, BCO will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the facility, which security interest will be subject to any lien of any purchase money lender. The lease will require BCO to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to one year's base rent under the lease. As a condition to closing and as a continuing covenant under the lease, BCO will be required to maintain a tangible net worth of $5 million or access to a working capital line of at least $5 million guaranteed by Dr. Tannenbaum, Dr. Maxwell and other approved guarantors. The lease will be cross-defaulted to any other lease or agreement between the parties. BCO is newly formed and has had no significant operations to date. Purchase Options. The lease will provide that so long as BCO is not in default under any lease with us or any of the leases with its subtenants, at the expiration of the lease BCO will have the option, upon 60 days prior written notice, to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, which assumes the lease remains in effect for 15 years, or (ii) the total development costs, including any capital additions funded by us, as increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum from the date of the lease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1. Commitment Fee. We are to receive at closing a commitment fee equal to 1% of the commitment amount, $15,000 of which has already been paid. BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA General. On February 28, 2005, we entered into a letter of commitment with Monroe Hospital, LLC and Monroe Hospital Operating Company, an affiliate of Monroe Hospital, both unaffiliated third parties, to develop an acute care hospital in Bloomington, Indiana, which is approximately 50 miles from Indianapolis, Indiana. The letter of commitment provides that we will enter into a contract with Monroe Hospital, LLC and Monroe Hospital Operating Company to, among other things, purchase the land. We intend to enter into a development agreement with an affiliate of Monroe Hospital to develop the facility. 88
The total development costs to develop the facility, including the cost of the land, will be approximately $28.0 million. Lease. We have formed a Delaware limited liability company, MPT of Bloomington, LLC, which will own the facility. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we purchase the land, we will lease 100% of the land and all improvements to be constructed thereon to Monroe Hospital Operating Company for a 15-year term, with three options to renew for five years each. Alternatively, we may loan to Monroe Hospital the amounts necessary for construction of the improvements and, subject to certain conditions, purchase from and lease to Monroe Hospital the improvements upon their completion. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will be a net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance, maintenance and capital improvements. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will require the tenant to pay monthly rent or, alternatively, interest, during the construction period in a per annum amount equal to 10.50% multiplied by the total amount of the funds disbursed under the development agreement. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will also require the tenant to pay, following the completion of construction of the facility, base rent in an amount equal to 10.50% per annum of the total development costs, which base rent will be payable in monthly installments. The letter of commitment also provides that on January 1, 2006, and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI on January 1 shall have increased over the CPI figure in effect on the then just previous January 1. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will also require the tenant to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards, and require the tenant to pay us on the commencement date of the lease an amount equal to $5,000 to cover the cost of the physical inspections of the facility, which fee will, beginning on January 1, 2006, and continuing on each January 1 thereafter, be increased by 2.5% per annum. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will be cross-defaulted with any other lease between us and the tenant or its affiliates. Repair and Replacement Reserve. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will require the tenant, beginning on the completion of construction of the facility, to make annual deposits into a reserve account in the amount of $2,500 per bed per year. The letter of commitment also provides that the lease will require that beginning on the first January 1 after the completion of construction, the payment of $2,500 per bed per year into the improvement reserve will be increased by 2.5%. We expect the lease to require that all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the reserve, and the tenant will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Security. The letter of commitment provides that, as security for the lease, the tenant will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the facility. The letter of commitment requires the tenant to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to one year's base rent under the lease, and provide that at such time as the operations in the facility generated EBITDAR coverage of at least two times the base rent for two consecutive fiscal years, the letter of credit may be reduced to an amount equal to six months of the base rent then in effect. The letter of commitment requires the tenant to have received an equity contribution of $6 million. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will be cross-defaulted to any other lease or agreement between the parties. Monroe Hospital Operating company is newly formed and has had no significant operations to date. Purchase Options. The letter of commitment provides that the lease will provide that so long as Monroe Hospital is not in default under any lease with us or any of the leases with its subtenants, at the expiration of the lease Monroe Hospital will have the option, upon 60 days prior written notice, to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, which assumes the lease remains in effect for 15 years, or (ii) the total development costs, including any capital additions funded by us, as increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum from the date of the lease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1. 89
Commitment Fee. The letter of commitment provides that we are entitled to a commitment fee at closing equal to 0.5% of $28.0 million if closing occurs before June 1, 2005, less the sum of $100,000 which we have already received as a commitment fee. We may increase the commitment fee if closing occurs after May 31, 2005. We will also be entitled to receive at closing the sum of $50,000 as a construction fee. HOUSTON, TEXAS General. On March 16, 2005, we entered into a letter of commitment with North Cypress Medical Center Operating Company, Ltd., or North Cypress, an unaffiliated third party, to develop a general acute care hospital in Houston, Texas. We expect to enter into a ground lease with the current owner of the land, with an option for us to purchase the land and then sublease the land to North Cypress. We intend to enter into a development agreement with an affiliate of North Cypress to develop the facility. The letter of commitment provides that the total development costs to develop the facility will be approximately $51.0 million. We have ordered an independent appraisal in connection with the lease of the land and the development of the facility and expect that the appraised value will not be less than the total development costs. Commitment Fee. The letter of commitment provides that, in connection with the acquisition of the leasehold and development of the facility, North Cypress has agreed to pay us a commitment fee equal to 1% of the total development costs, which shall be due and paid to us at the time the lease is signed; provided, however, $100,000 of the total 1% commitment fee was paid to us at the time the letter of commitment was executed. Sublease. We intend to form a Delaware limited partnership, MPT of North Cypress, LP, which will enter into the ground lease with the current owner. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we enter into the ground lease, we will sublease 100% of the land and all improvements to be constructed thereon to North Cypress or its affiliate for a cumulative term of the construction period and the 15-year period following the completion of construction, with three options to renew for five years each. Alternatively, we may loan to North Cypress the amounts necessary for construction of the improvements and, subject to certain conditions, purchase from and lease to North Cypress the improvements upon their completion. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will be a net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, all rent and other costs and expenses due and payable under the ground lease, taxes, utilities, insurance, maintenance and capital improvements. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require the tenant to pay monthly rent or, alternatively, interest, during the construction period in a per annum amount equal to 10.50% multiplied by the total amount of the funds disbursed under the development agreement plus the sum of all rents paid pursuant to the ground lease. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will also require, following the completion of construction of the facility, the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10.50% per annum of the total development costs plus the sum of all rents paid pursuant to the ground lease, which base rent will be payable in monthly installments. The letter of commitment also provides that on January 1, 2006, and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per year of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI on January 1 shall have increased over the CPI figure in effect on the then just previous January 1. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require the tenant to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require the tenant to pay us, commencing on January 1, 2006, an amount equal to $7,500 to cover the cost of the physical inspections of the facility, which fee will, on each January 1, be increased by 2.5% per annum. In addition to the inspection fee, the total development costs will include $75,000 to cover our inspection of the facility during the construction period. Capital Improvement Reserve. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require the tenant, beginning on the date that construction of the facility has been completed, to make annual deposits into a reserve account in the amount of $2,500 per bed per year. The letter of commitment also provides that on each January 1 thereafter, the payment of $2,500 per bed per year into the improvement reserve 90
will be increased by 2.5%. We expect the lease to require that all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the sublease will be funded first from the reserve, and the tenant will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Capital Contributions and Net Worth Covenant. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require that, as of the commencement date of the sublease, tenant shall have received from its equity owners at least $15 million in cash equity which we expect to be used for operating expenses and not be distributed to its equity owners. Those contributions will include the letter of credit as described below. We expect the lease to provide that upon our request tenant will provide to us evidence that such cash equity is in place and has not been distributed to tenant's equity owners. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will require that North Cypress maintain at all times during the sublease a tangible net worth, the amount of which shall be negotiated prior to closing and execution of the sublease. Security. The letter of commitment provides that as security for the sublease, the tenant will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the facility. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will be cross-defaulted with any other sublease between North Cypress, or its affiliates, and us, or our affiliates. The letter of commitment provides that the sublease will also require the tenant to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to one year's base rent under the sublease, and that at such time as the operations in the facility have for two consecutive fiscal years generated EBITDAR coverage of at least two times the base rent, the letter of credit may be reduced to an amount equal to six months of the base rent then in effect. North Cypress is newly formed and has had no significant operations to date. Purchase Options. The letter of commitment provides that so long as we have the corresponding rights under the ground lease, the sublease will provide that so long as the tenant is not in default, and no event has occurred which with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a default under its, and its affiliates, leases and subleases with us or any of our affiliates or any of the leases and subleases with its subtenants, at the expiration of the sublease, and at the expiration of each extension term, the tenant will have the option to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, or (ii) the total development costs, including any capital additions funded by us, as increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per annum from the date of the sublease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1. Sale Proceeds Distributions or Syndication. The letter of commitment provides that at the time we enter into the lease with the tenant, we will also enter into an agreement with the tenant granting the tenant the right to choose between two options relating to the facility. The first option is based on a sale of the facility and, after we receive from the sales proceeds an amount equal to the total development costs plus an internal rate of return equal to 15% any proceeds above that amount will be distributed to the tenant and us on an equal basis. Under the other option, subject to applicable healthcare regulatory requirements, if requested by tenant, we will offer the tenant or its physician partners opportunities to purchase up to 49% of the limited partnership equity interest in the limited partnership entity that will hold the title to the facility. The valuation of the limited partnership's equity interest will be based on the historical cost of the limited partnership's assets. To the extent that we elect to place debt on the facility, such debt will be non-recourse to the limited partners. Such offering will occur six to nine months following the occupancy of the facility. If tenant chooses this option, tenant and/or its physician partners will invest on an equal basis with us. OTHER LETTERS OF COMMITMENT Diversified Specialty Institutes, Inc. Acquisition and Development Funding General. On March 3, 2005, we entered into a letter of commitment with Diversified Specialty Institutes, Inc., or DSI. An affiliate of DSI is the proposed tenant of the women's hospital and medical office building in Bensalem, Pennsylvania that we have contracted with to develop and leaseback. The letter of commitment provides that, subject to certain conditions set forth in the letter of commitment, we 91
have agreed to make available to DSI or its affiliates acquisition and development funding in the total amount of $50.0 million to be used to finance the potential future acquisition or development of healthcare facilities, in each case subject to our due diligence and approval. The commitment will remain outstanding until March 2, 2006, and be available to finance any acquisition facility or development facility that is subject to definitive agreements as of March 2, 2006, notwithstanding that the closing or completion of the acquisition facility or development facility may not have occurred as of March 2, 2006. We agreed that the definitive documents relating to the commitment must close by April 30, 2005, unless a 30-day extension is requested by DSI or us. We have extended the closing date to May 30, 2005. As funds are drawn from the commitment to fund an acquisition or development facility, as applicable, we expect to enter into definitive documents with DSI. With respect to any development facility, we expect to enter into a development agreement with a developer, which may be an affiliate of DSI, to develop the development facility. Commitment Fee. The letter of commitment provides that we are entitled to a commitment fee equal to 1% of the commitment, $100,000 of which was paid when the letter of commitment was signed. The remainder of the commitment fee will be due and payable at the closing of future projects, with the fee on each project being equal to 1% of that project's purchase price. We have agreed to give DSI a credit on future payments of commitment fees for the $100,000 paid at the execution of the letter of commitment. Lease. We expect to form a Delaware limited liability company or a limited partnership to own each facility acquired or developed pursuant to the commitment. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time of our purchase of any acquisition or development facility, we intend to lease back to the applicable tenant 100% of the land and all improvements, including improvements to be constructed in the case of a development facility, for a 15-year term, with three options to renew for five years each, so long as the options are exercised at least six months prior to the expiration of the lease or the applicable extended term. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will be a net-lease with the tenant responsible for all costs of the facility, including, but not limited to, taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. For each development facility, the letter of commitment provides that the tenant will pay monthly rent during the construction period in a per year amount equal to 10.75% multiplied by the total amount of the funds disbursed under the development agreement. Alternatively, we may loan to DSI the amounts necessary for construction of the improvements and, subject to certain conditions, purchase from and lease to DSI the improvements upon their completion. The letter of commitment also provides that the lease relating to a development facility to require the tenant to pay, following the completion of construction of the facility, base rent in an amount equal to 10.75% per year of the total development costs, payable in monthly installments. For an acquisition facility, we expect the lease to require the tenant to pay us base rent equal to 10.75% of the purchase price of the facility. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will provide that commencing on the first January 1 following the commencement of the lease with respect to an acquisition facility, and on the first January 1 following the construction completion date with respect to a development facility, and on each January 1 thereafter, the base rent will be increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per year of the prior year's base rent, or (B) the percentage by which the CPI on January 1 has increased over the CPI figure in effect on the then just previous January 1. The letter of commitment also provides that each lease for an acquisition facility and a development facility will require the tenant to carry customary insurance which is adequate to satisfy our underwriting standards. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require the tenant to pay us on the commencement date of the lease an amount equal to $7,500 to cover the cost of the physical inspections of the facility. The letter of commitment also provides that this inspection fee will increase at the rate of 2.5% per year starting on the first January 1 following the commencement date of the lease, in the case of an acquisition facility, or the completion date, in the case of a development facility. In addition to the inspection fee, we also expect the tenant to pay us a fee equal to $75,000 per development facility to cover our inspection of the development facility during the construction period. 92
Capital Improvement Reserve. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require, commencing on the date that construction has been completed with respect to a development facility, or on the date of commencement of the lease with respect to an acquisition facility, the tenant to make annual deposits into a reserve account in the amount of $2,500 per bed per year. The letter of commitment also provides that each lease is expected to provide that on each January 1 thereafter, the payment of $2,500 per bed per year into the improvement reserve will be increased by 2.5%. We expect that the lease will require all extraordinary repair expenditures made in each year during the term of the lease will be funded first from the reserve, and the tenant will pay into the reserve such funds as necessary for all extraordinary repairs. Security. The letter of commitment provides that, as security for each lease, the tenant will grant us a security interest in all personal property, other than receivables, located and to be located at the facility. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will be cross-defaulted with any other leases between the tenant, or its affiliates, and us, or our affiliates. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require the tenant to obtain and deliver to us an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit from a bank acceptable to us, naming us beneficiary thereunder, in an amount equal to one year's base rent under the lease. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will require that, as of the commencement date of the lease, the tenant to have a tangible net worth of no less than $5 million in cash equity or shall have access to a working capital line of no less than $5 million that is personally guaranteed by Dr. Tannenbaum and such other persons as may be approved by us. Purchase Options. The letter of commitment provides that each lease will provide that so long as tenant is not in default, and no event has occurred which with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both would constitute a default under its, and its affiliates, leases with us or any of our affiliates or any of the leases with its subtenants, at the expiration of the initial term of the lease, and at the expiration of each extended term thereafter, upon at least 60 days' prior written notice, tenant will have the option to purchase the facility at a purchase price equal to the greater of (i) the appraised value of the facility, or, in the case of a development facility (ii) the total development costs (including any capital additions funded by us), as increased by an amount equal to the greater of (A) 2.5% per year from the date of the lease, or (B) the rate of increase in the CPI on each January 1, or, in the case of an acquisition facility, (ii) the amount of (A) the purchase price paid for the facility, including costs of third party reports, legal fees and all other acquisition costs. On May 9, 2003, we entered into a letter of commitment with one of our tenants to purchase a hospital facility in California for a purchase price of $20.8 million, subject to adjustment. The transaction is subject to our tenant's acquisition of the facility and the operations of the facility from the current owner and a number of other conditions. Our tenant has entered into a non-binding letter of intent to acquire the facility and operations at that facility. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we purchase the facility, we will lease it back to an affiliate of our tenant for a term of 15 years with three renewal options of five years each. The lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10.5% of the purchase price which rent shall increase each year by the greater of 2.5% or the increase in CPI from the prior year. We have been paid a commitment fee equal to a 0.5% of the purchase price in connection with this transaction. The lease will be cross-defaulted with all other leases and other agreements between us or our affiliates, on the one hand, and the tenant or its affiliates, on the other hand. On May 3, 2005 we entered into a letter of commitment with another of our tenants to purchase a hospital facility in California for a purchase price of $25.0 million, subject to adjustment. The transaction is subject to our tenant's acquisition of the facility from the current owner and a number of other conditions. Our tenant has not yet entered into an agreement or letter of intent to purchase the facility from the current owner. The letter of commitment provides that, at the time we purchase the facility, we will lease it back to an affiliate of our tenant for a term of 15 years with three renewal options of five years each. The lease will require the tenant to pay base rent in an amount equal to 10% of the purchase price, which rent shall increase each year by the greater of 2.0% or the increase in CPI from the prior year. We 93
have been paid a commitment fee equal to a 0.5% of the purchase price in connection with this transaction. The lease will be cross-defaulted with all other leases and other agreements between us or our affiliates, on the one hand, and the tenant or its affiliates, on the other hand. We cannot assure you that we will acquire or develop any of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities or complete any of the other transactions we have under letter of commitment on the terms described in this prospectus or at all, because each of these transactions is subject to a variety of conditions, including, in the case of the Pending Acquisition and Development Facility under contract, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals and other third party reports, obtaining of government and third party approvals and consents, our proposed tenant's acquisition of the property on which facilities are to be built, as well as other customary closing conditions and, in the case of the transactions under letters of commitment, negotiation and execution of mutually-acceptable definitive agreements, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals that support the purchase price set forth in the commitment letter and other third party reports, obtaining of government and third party approvals and consents, approval by our board of directors, and in certain cases our proposed tenant's acquisition of the facility from the current owner, as well as satisfaction of customary closing conditions. OUR ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE In addition to the transactions described above, as of , 2005, we had facilities under letters of intent with an aggregate gross purchase price and estimated development costs totally approximately $ million. The letters of intent are non-binding, and we cannot assure you that we will acquire or develop any of the facilities under letters of intent because each of these transactions is subject to a variety of conditions, including the willingness of the parties to proceed with the contemplated transaction, negotiation and execution of a letter of commitment and mutually-acceptable definitive agreements, our satisfactory completion of due diligence, receipt of appraisals and other third party reports, obtaining of government and third party approvals and consents, approval by our board of directors and other customary closing conditions. We have also identified a number of opportunities to acquire or develop additional healthcare facilities. In some cases, we are actively negotiating agreements or letters of intent with the owners or prospective tenants. In other instances, we have only identified the potential opportunity and had preliminary discussions with the owner or prospective tenant. None of these potential acquisitions or developments is under a letter of intent, and we cannot assure you that we will complete any of these potential acquisitions or developments. 94
MANAGEMENT OUR DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our board of directors, which consists of eight members, three of whom are members of our senior management team and five of whom our board of directors has determined to be independent in accordance with the listing standards established by the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE. Each director is elected to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified. The terms of our present directors will expire at our 2005 annual meeting of stockholders. The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers and directors:
and their advisors. From June 1998 to September 2001, he was vice president and chief financial officer of United Investors Realty Trust, a publicly-traded REIT. For the 10 years prior to becoming an officer of United Investors Realty Trust, he was employed by the accounting and consulting firm of Ernst & Young LLP and its predecessors. Mr. Hamner received a B.S. in Accounting from Louisiana State University. Mr. Hamner is a certified public accountant. William G. McKenzie is one of our founders and has served as the vice chairman of our board of directors since September 2003. Mr. McKenzie has served as a director since our formation and served as the executive chairman of our board of directors in August and September 2003. From May 2003 to August 2003, he was an executive officer and director of our predecessor. From 1998 to the present, Mr. McKenzie has served as president, chief executive officer and a board member of Gilliard Health Services, Inc., a privately-held owner and operator of acute care hospitals. From 1996 to 1998, he was executive vice president and chief operating officer of the Mississippi Hospital Association/Diversified Services, Inc. and the Health Insurance Exchange, a mutual company and HMO. From 1994 to 1996, Mr. McKenzie was senior vice president of Managed Care and executive vice president of Physician Solutions, Inc., a subsidiary of Vaughan HealthCare, a private healthcare company in Alabama. From 1981 to 1994, Mr. McKenzie was hospital administrator and chief financial officer and held other management positions with several private acute care organizations. Mr. McKenzie received a Masters of Science in Health Administration from the University of Colorado and a B.S. in Business Administration from Troy State University. He has served in numerous capacities with the Alabama Hospital Association. Emmett E. McLean is one of our founders and has served as our executive vice president, chief operating officer and treasurer since September 2003. Mr. McLean has served as assistant secretary since April 2004. In August and September 2003, Mr. McLean also served as our chief financial officer. Mr. McLean was one of our directors from September 2003 until April 2004. From June to September, 2003, Mr. McLean served as executive vice president, chief financial officer, and treasurer and board member of our predecessor. From 2000 to 2003, Mr. McLean was a private investor and, for part of that period, served as a consultant to a privately held company. From 1995 to 2000, Mr. McLean served as senior vice president -- development, secretary, treasurer and a board member of PsychPartners, L.L.C., a healthcare services and practice management company. From 1992 to 1994, he was senior vice president, chief financial officer and secretary of Diagnostic Health Corporation, a healthcare services company. From 1984 to 1992, he worked for Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc., now Morgan Stanley, and Smith Barney, now Citigroup, in the corporate finance departments of their respective investment banking businesses. From 1977 to 1982, Mr. McLean worked as a commercial banker for SunTrust Banks, Inc. Mr. McLean received an MBA from the University of Virginia and a B.A. in Economics from The University of North Carolina. Michael G. Stewart has served as our general counsel since October 2004 and as our executive vice president and secretary since March 2005. Prior to October 2004, Mr. Stewart worked as a private investor, healthcare consultant and novelist. He advised physician and surgery groups on emerging healthcare issues for four years before publishing three novels. From 1993 until 1995, he served as vice president and general counsel of Complete Health Services, Inc., a managed care company, and its successor corporation, United Healthcare of the South, a division of United Healthcare, Inc. (NYSE: UNH). Mr. Stewart was engaged in the private practice of law between 1988 and 1993. Mr. Stewart holds a J.D. degree from Cumberland School of Law of Samford University and a B.S. in Business Administration from Auburn University. Virginia A. Clarke has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2005. Ms. Clarke has been a search consultant in the global executive search firm of Spencer Stuart & Associates since 1997. Ms. Clarke was with DHR International, an executive search firm, during 1996. Prior to that, Ms. Clarke spent 10 years in the real estate investment management business with La Salle Partners and Prudential Real Estate Investors, where her activities included asset management, portfolio management, capital raising and client service, and two years with First National Bank of Chicago. Ms. Clarke is a member of the Pension Real Estate Association. Ms. Clarke graduated from the University of California at 96
Davis and received a master's degree in management from the J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University. G. Steven Dawson has served as a member of our board of directors since April 2004. He is currently a private investor and serves on the boards of five other real estate investment trusts in addition to his service for us, as follows: American Campus Communities (NYSE: ACC), AmREIT, Inc. (AMEX: AMY), Desert Capital REIT (a non-listed public mortgage company), Sunset Financial Resource, Inc. (NYSE: SFO), and Trustreet Properties, Inc. (NYSE: TSY). Mr. Dawson is chairman of the audit committees for each of these companies except Sunset Financial Resource, Inc. and Trustreet Properties, Inc. From July 1990 to September 2003, he was chief financial officer and senior vice president-finance of Camden Property Trust (NYSE: CPT) and its predecessors, a REIT engaged in the development, ownership, management, financing and sale of multi-family properties throughout the southern United States. Mr. Dawson is involved in various charitable, non-profit and educational organizations, including serving on the board of His Grace Foundation, a charity providing services to the families of children in the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit of Texas Children's Hospital, and as a member of the Real Estate Roundtable at the Mays Graduate School of Business at Texas A&M University. Mr. Dawson received a degree in business from Texas A&M University. Bryan L. Goolsby has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2005. Mr. Goolsby is the managing partner of the law firm Locke Liddell & Sapp LLP. Mr. Goolsby is an associate board member of the Board of Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts. He is also a member of the National Multi-Family Housing Association and the Pension Real Estate Association, and an associate board member of the Edwin L. Cox School of Business at Southern Methodist University. He serves as a director of Desert Capital REIT, Inc. and AmREIT, Inc. Mr. Goolsby received a J.D. degree from the University of Texas, and is a Certified Public Accountant. Robert E. Holmes, Ph.D., has served as a member of our board of directors since April 2004. Mr. Holmes, our lead independent director, is the Dean and Professor of Management of the School of Business at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, positions he has held since 1999. From 1995 to 1999, he was Dean of the Olin Graduate School of Business at Babson College in Wellesley, Massachusetts. Prior to that, he was Dean of the James Madison University College of Business in Harrisonburg, Virginia for 12 years. He is the author of more than 20 scholarly publications, is past president of the Southern Business Administration Association, and is actively involved in the International Association for Management Education. Mr. Holmes received a bachelor's degree from the University of Texas at Austin, an MBA from University of North Texas, and received his Ph.D. from the University of Arkansas with an emphasis on management strategy. L. Glenn Orr, Jr. has served as a member of our board of directors since February 2005. Mr. Orr has been president and chief executive officer of The Orr Group, which provides investment banking and consulting services for middle-market companies, since 1995. Prior to that, he was chairman of the board of directors, president and chief executive officer of Southern National Corporation from 1990 until its merger with Branch Banking & Trust in 1995. Mr. Orr is member of the board of directors, chairman of the governance/compensation committee and a member of the executive committee of Highwoods Properties, Inc. (NYSE: HIW). He is also a member of the boards of directors of General Parts, Inc., Village Tavern, Inc. and Broyhill Management Fund, Inc. Mr. Orr previously served as president and chief executive officer of Forsyth Bank and Trust Co., president of Community Bank in Greenville, South Carolina and president of the North Carolina Bankers Association. He is a trustee of Wake Forest University. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE -- BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND COMMITTEES Our board of directors has adopted a code of ethics and business conduct relating to the conduct of our business by our employees, officers and directors, and has also adopted corporate governance guidelines to assist the board of directors in the administration of its duties. Our corporate governance guidelines and the listing standards of the NYSE require that a majority of the members of our board of directors be 97
independent. Board members are recommended for nomination by our ethics, nominating and corporate governance committee. Nominations must satisfy the standards established by that committee for membership on our board of directors. Our directors generally meet quarterly or more frequently if necessary. The directors are regularly kept informed about our business at meetings of the board of directors and its committees and through supplemental reports and communications. Our independent directors meet regularly in executive sessions without the presence of any corporate officers. Mr. Holmes has been selected by the board of directors to serve as lead independent director and in that capacity presides at meetings of the non-management directors, coordinates the preparation for meetings of the board of directors with our chief executive officer, and serves as the liaison between the board of directors and our chief executive officer. Our board of directors has established audit, compensation, ethics, nominating and corporate governance and investment committees, the principal functions and membership of which are briefly described below. The charters of the audit, compensation and ethics, nominating and corporate governance committees, along with our code of ethics and business conduct and our corporate governance guidelines, will be available on our website upon completion of this offering. In February 2005, we expanded the size of our board of directors from seven to 11 directors and elected four new directors, Messrs. Goolsby, Hamner and Orr and Ms. Clarke. In connection with the election of these new directors, our board reconstituted our audit, compensation and ethics, nominating and corporate governance committees and established the investment committee of our board. On April 6, 2005, three of our independent directors who had become members of our board in April 2004 resigned as directors. AUDIT COMMITTEE Our board of directors has established an audit committee, which is comprised of three independent directors, Messrs. Dawson and Orr and Ms. Clarke. Mr. Dawson serves as the chairperson of the audit committee and also serves on the audit committees of three other public companies. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Dawson's service on the audit committees of other public companies does not impair his ability to serve on our audit committee. The audit committee oversees (i) our accounting and financial reporting processes; (ii) the integrity and audits of our financial statements; (iii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; (iv) the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors; and (v) the performance of our internal and independent auditors. The audit committee also: - has sole authority to appoint or replace our independent auditors; - has sole authority to approve in advance all audit and non-audit services by our independent auditors; - monitors compliance of our employees with our standards of business conduct and conflict of interest policies; and - meets at least quarterly with our senior executive officers, internal audit staff and our independent auditors in separate executive sessions. The specific functions and responsibilities of the audit committee are set forth in the audit committee's charter. Our board of directors has determined that each of the members of the audit committee is financially literate, as such term is interpreted by our board of directors. In addition, our board of directors has determined that Mr. Dawson qualifies as an "audit committee financial expert" under the current SEC regulations. Our management has primary responsibility for the financial statements and internal control over financial reporting. The audit committee engages an independent registered public accounting firm to conduct an annual audit of the Company's financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. 98
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE Our board of directors has established a compensation committee, which is comprised of three independent directors, Messrs. Dawson, Goolsby and Orr. Mr. Orr serves as the chairperson of the compensation committee. The principal functions of the compensation committee are to: - evaluate the performance of our executive officers; - review and approve the compensation for our executive officers; - review and make recommendation to the board with respect to our incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans; and - administer our equity incentive plan. The compensation committee also reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relevant to the chief executive officer's compensation, evaluates the chief executive officer's performance in light of those goals and objectives, and establishes the chief executive officer's compensation levels based on its evaluation. The compensation committee has the authority to retain and terminate any compensation consultant to be used to assist in the evaluation of the compensation of the chief executive officer or any other executive officer or director. In 2004, the compensation committee engaged a compensation consultant to perform a comprehensive review and provide recommendations to the compensation committee regarding the compensation of our officers and directors. The specific functions and responsibilities of the compensation committee are set forth in more detail in the compensation committee's charter. ETHICS, NOMINATING AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE Our board of directors has established an ethics, nominating and corporate governance committee. Membership of the committee is comprised of three independent directors, Messrs. Dawson, Goolsby and Holmes. Mr. Holmes serves as the chairperson of this committee. The ethics, nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for, among other things, recommending the nomination of qualified individuals to become directors, recommending the composition of committees of our board, periodically reviewing the board's performance and effectiveness as a body, recommending proposed changes to the board of directors, and periodically reviewing our corporate governance guidelines and policies. The specific functions and duties of the ethics, nominating and corporate governance committee are set forth in the committee's charter. INVESTMENT COMMITTEE Our board of directors has established an investment committee. Membership of the committee is comprised of all of our current directors. Mr. Aldag serves as the chairperson of this committee. The investment committee is responsible for, among other things, considering and taking action with respect to all acquisitions, developments and leasing of healthcare facilities in which our aggregate investment will exceed $10 million. VACANCIES ON OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS Any director may resign at any time and may be removed with or without cause by the stockholders upon the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of all of our common stock outstanding and entitled to vote generally for the election of directors. Unless filled by a vote of the stockholders in the event a director is removed as permitted by Maryland law, a vacancy created by death, resignation, removal, adjudicated incompetence or other incapacity of a director may be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors although less than a quorum. Vacancies created by an increase in the number of directors must be filled by a vote of majority of the entire board. 99
LIMITED LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION The MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholder for money damages except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter limits the personal liability of our directors and officers for money damages to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland law. The MGCL requires a corporation, unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not, to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. See "Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws -- Indemnification and Limitation of Directors' and Officers' Liability." We maintain a directors and officers liability insurance policy. We have also entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers, which we refer to in this context as indemnitees. The indemnification agreements provide that we will, to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law, indemnify and defend each indemnitee against all losses and expenses incurred as a result of his current or past service as our director or officer, or incurred by reason of the fact that, while he was our director or officer, he was serving at our request as a director, officer, partners, trustee, employee or agent of a corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, other enterprise or employee benefit plan. We have agreed to pay expenses incurred by an indemnitee before the final disposition of a claim provided that he provides us with a written affirmation that he has met the standard of conduct required for indemnification and a written undertaking to repay the amount we pay or reimburse if it is ultimately determined that he has not met the standard of conduct required for indemnification. We are to pay expenses within 20 days of receiving the indemnitee's written request for such an advance. Indemnitees are entitled to select counsel to defend against indemnifiable claims. The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which any person who controls us or any of our directors, officers or agents is insured or indemnified against liability is a potential reduction in distributions to our stockholders resulting from our payment of premiums associated with liability insurance and payment of indemnifiable expenses and losses. The SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and unenforceable. As a result, indemnification of our directors and officers may not be allowed for liabilities arising from or out of a violation of state or federal securities laws. DIRECTOR COMPENSATION As compensation for serving on our board of directors, each of our independent directors receives an annual fee of $20,000 and an additional $1,000 for each board of directors meeting attended. In addition, each independent director is paid $1,000 for attendance at each meeting of a committee on which he serves. Committee chairmen receive an additional $5,000 per year except that the audit committee chairman receives an additional $10,000 per year. In addition, we reimburse our directors for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending board of directors and committee meetings. Directors who are also officers or employees of our company receive no additional compensation for their service as directors. At the time of each annual meeting of our stockholders following his or her election to the board of directors, each independent director will receive 2,000 shares of our common stock, restricted as to transfer for three years, or a comparable number of deferred stock units. Our compensation committee may change the compensation of our independent directors in its discretion. Upon joining our board of directors, each independent director received a non-qualified option to purchase 20,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $10.00 per share. One-third of these options vested upon grant. One-half of the remaining options will vest on each of the first and second anniversaries of the date of grant. In addition to this option to purchase stock, each of our independent 100
directors has been awarded 2,500 deferred stock units, which represent the right to receive 2,500 shares of common stock at no cost in October 2007 for Messrs. Dawson and Holmes and 2,500 shares of common stock at no cost in March 2008 for Ms. Clarke and Messrs. Goolsby and Orr. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The following table sets forth the compensation paid or earned by our chief executive officer and our other executive officers for 2003 and 2004:
These employment agreements permit us to terminate each executive's employment with appropriate notice for or without "cause." "Cause" is generally defined to mean: - conviction of, or the entry of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony (excluding any felony relating to the negligent operation of a motor vehicle or a conviction or plea of guilty or nolo contendere arising under a statutory provision imposing per se criminal liability due to the position held by the executive with us, provided the act or omission of the executive or officer with respect to such matter was not taken or omitted to be taken in contravention of any applicable policy or directive of the board of directors); - a willful breach of the executive's duty of loyalty which is materially detrimental to us; - a willful failure to perform or adhere to explicitly stated duties that are consistent with the executive's employment agreement, or the reasonable and customary guidelines of employment or reasonable and customary corporate governance guidelines or policies, including, without limitation, the business code of ethics adopted by the board of directors, or the failure to follow the lawful directives of the board of directors provided such directives are consistent with the terms of the executive's employment agreement, which continues for a period of 30 days after written notice to the executive; and - gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of the executive's duties. Each of the named executive officers has the right under his employment agreement to resign for "good reason." The following constitute good reason under the employment agreements: (i) the employment agreement is not automatically renewed by the company; (ii) the termination of certain incentive compensation programs; (iii) the termination or diminution of certain employee benefit plans, programs or material fringe benefits (other than for Mr. McKenzie); (iv) the relocation of our principal office outside of a 100 mile radius of Birmingham, Alabama (in the case of Mr. Aldag); or (v) our breach of the employment agreement which continues uncured for 30 days. In addition, in the case of Mr. Aldag, the following constitute good reason: (i) his removal from the board of directors without cause or his failure to be nominated or elected to the board of directors; or (ii) any material reduction in duties, responsibilities or reporting requirements, or the assignment of any duties, responsibilities or reporting requirements that are inconsistent with his positions with us. The executive employment agreements provide a monthly car allowance of $1,000 for Mr. Aldag and $750 for each of Messrs. McLean, Hamner and Stewart. Messrs. Aldag, McLean, Hamner and Stewart are also reimbursed for the cost of tax preparation and financial planning services, up to $25,000 annually for Mr. Aldag and $10,000 annually for each of Messrs. McLean, Hamner and Stewart. We also reimburse each executive for the income tax he incurs on the receipt of these tax preparation and financial planning services. In addition, the employment agreements provide for annual paid vacation of six weeks for Mr. Aldag and three weeks for Messrs. McLean, Hamner and Stewart and various other customary benefits. The employment agreements also provide that Mr. Aldag will receive up to $20,000 per year in reimbursement for life insurance premiums, which amount is to increase annually based on the increase in the Consumer Price Index for such year, and that Messrs. McLean, Hamner and Stewart will receive up to $10,000 per year in reimbursement for life insurance premiums which amount is to increase annually based on the increase in the Consumer Price Index for such year. We also reimburse each executive for the income tax he incurs on the receipt of these premium reimbursements. We have the right to obtain a key man life insurance policy for the benefit of the company on the life of each of our executives with a death benefit equal to the death benefit of such executive's whole life policy. The employment agreements referred to above provide that the executive officers are eligible to receive the same benefits, including medical insurance coverage and retirement plan benefits in a 401(k) plan to the same extent as other similarly situated employees, and such other benefits as are commensurate with their position. Participation in employee benefit plans is subject to the terms of said benefit plans as in effect from time to time. 102
If the named executive officer's employment ends for any reason, we will pay accrued salary, bonuses and incentive payments already determined, and other existing obligations. In addition, if we terminate the named executive officer's employment without cause or if any of them terminates his employment for good reason, we will be obligated to pay (i) a lump sum payment of severance equal to the sum of (x) the product of three and the sum of the salary in effect at the time of termination plus the average cash bonus (or the highest cash bonus, in the case of Mr. Aldag) paid to such executive during the preceding three years, grossed up for taxes in the case of Mr. Aldag, and (y) the incentive bonus prorated for the year in which the termination occurred, (ii) other than for Mr. McKenzie, the cost of the executive's continued participation in the company's benefit and welfare plans (other than the 401(k) plan) for a three year period (or for a five year period in the case of Mr. Aldag), and (iii) certain other benefits as provided for in the employment agreement. Additionally, in the event of a termination by us for any reason other than cause or by the executive for good reason, all of the options and restricted stock granted to the executive will become fully vested, and the executive will have whatever period remains under the options in which to exercise all vested options. In the event of a termination of the employment of our executives as a result of death, then in addition to the accrued salary, bonus and incentive payments due to them, they shall become fully vested in their options and restricted stock, and their respective beneficiaries will have whatever period remains under the options to exercise such options. In addition, the executives would be entitled to their prorated incentive bonuses. In the event the employment of our executives ends as a result of a termination by us for cause or by the executives without good reason, then in addition to the accrued salary, bonuses and incentive payments due to them, the executives would be entitled to exercise their vested stock options pursuant to the terms of the grant, but all other unvested options and restricted stock would be forfeited. Upon a change of control, the named executive officers will become fully vested in their options and restricted stock and will have whatever period remains under the option in which to exercise their options. In addition, if any executive's employment is terminated by us for cause or by the executive without good reason in connection with a change of control, the executive will be entitled to receive an amount equal to the largest cash compensation paid to the executive for any twelve month period during his tenure multiplied by three. In general terms, a change of control occurs: - if a person, entity or affiliated group (with certain exceptions) acquires more than 50% of our then-outstanding voting securities; - if we merge into or complete a share exchange, consolidation or other business combination transaction with another entity unless the holders of our voting stock immediately prior to the merger have at least 50% of the combined voting power of the securities in the merged entity or its parent; or - upon the liquidation, dissolution, sale or disposition of all or substantially all of our assets such that after that transaction the holders of our voting stock immediately prior to the transaction own less than 50% of the voting securities of the acquiror or its parent. If payments become due as a result of a change in control and the excise tax imposed by Code Section 4999 applies, the terms of the employment agreements require us to gross up the amount payable to the executive by the amount of this excise tax plus the amount of income and other taxes due as a result of the gross up payment. For an 18 month period after termination of an executive's employment for any reason other than (i) termination by us without cause or (ii) termination by the executive for good reason, each of the executives under these employment agreements has agreed not to compete with us by working with or investing in, subject to certain limited exceptions, any enterprise engaged in a business substantially similar to our business as it was conducted during the period of the executive's employment with us. 103
The employment agreements provide that these named executive officers are eligible to participate in our equity incentive plan, as described in the section below titled "Equity Incentive Plan." The employment agreements also provide that the named executive officers are eligible to receive annual bonuses under our bonus policy. See "Annual Incentive Bonus Policy." BENEFIT PLANS ANNUAL INCENTIVE BONUS POLICY We expect our compensation committee to adopt an annual cash incentive bonus policy. This policy will be subject to those provisions in our executive officers' employment agreements that provide that the executives will receive not less than 40% nor more than 100% of their base salaries under the policy. Our compensation committee will reevaluate the annual incentive bonus policy for our executive officers on an annual basis, subject to the maximum and minimum limitations previously described. In addition, the compensation committee may approve any additional bonus awards to any executive officer. 401(K) PLAN We intend to establish and maintain a retirement savings plan under Section 401(k) of the Code to cover our eligible employees. The plan will allow eligible employees to defer, within prescribed limits, up to 15% of their compensation on a pre-tax basis through contributions to the plan. In addition, we intend to reserve the right to make discretionary contributions on behalf of eligible participants. Our employees will be eligible to participate in the plan if they meet the plan's requirements, including a minimum period of credited service. Any company contributions may be subject to certain vesting requirements. EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN We have adopted the Amended and Restated Medical Properties Trust, Inc. 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, or equity incentive plan, for the purpose of attracting and retaining directors, executive officers and other key employees and consultants, including officers and employees of our operating partnership. The equity incentive plan provides that the aggregate number of shares of common stock as to which awards can be made pursuant to the equity incentive plan is 791,180. There remain 490,680 shares available for awards under the equity incentive plan, of which 435,000 shares have been reserved by the compensation committee for awards of restricted stock after December 31, 2005 based on our performance and, in the case of our officers and employees, their individual performance in 2005 as measured in accordance with criteria to be established by our compensation committee. On April 25, 2005, our compensation committee awarded 82,000 shares of restricted stock to Mr. Stewart and certain non-management employees. These shares will vest 20% per year over five years beginning on April 25, 2006. We intend to seek stockholder approval of an amendment to the equity incentive plan at our 2005 annual meeting in order to increase the shares of common stock available under the plan. Awards. The equity incentive plan authorizes the issuance of options to purchase shares of common stock, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, stock appreciation rights and performance units. The equity incentive plan contains an award limit on the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be awarded to an individual in any fiscal year of 300,000 shares. Vesting. Our compensation committee will determine the vesting of options and restricted stock and restricted stock units granted under the equity incentive plan, subject to any different vesting provisions agreed upon in a participant's employment agreement. In addition, our compensation committee will establish a standard vesting schedule for options, restricted stock and restricted stock units subject to any different vesting schedule which is agreed upon in a participant's employment or award agreement. Options. Each option granted pursuant to the equity incentive plan is designated at the time of grant as either an option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option under Section 422 of the Code, referred to as a qualified incentive option, or as an option that is not intended to so qualify, referred to as a non-qualified option. The equity incentive plan authorizes our compensation committee to grant incentive stock 104
options for common stock in an amount and at an exercise price to be determined by it, provided that the price cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date on which the option is granted. If an incentive stock option is granted to a 10% stockholder, additional requirements will apply to the option. The exercise price of non-qualified options will be equal to 100% of the fair market value of common stock on the date the option is granted unless otherwise determined by our compensation committee. The exercise price for any option is generally payable in cash or, in certain circumstances, by the surrender, at the fair market value on the date on which the option is exercised, of shares of our common stock having a value equal to the exercise price. The equity incentive plan provides that exercise may be delayed or prohibited if it would adversely affect our status as a REIT. In addition, the equity incentive plan permits optionholders to exercise their options prior to the date on which the options will vest, subject to Committee action. In such case, the optionholder will, upon payment for the shares, receive restricted stock having vesting terms on transferability that are identical to the vesting terms under the original option and subject to repurchase by us while the restrictions on vesting are in effect. In connection with certain extraordinary events, the compensation committee may make adjustments in the aggregate number and kind of shares of capital stock reserved for issuance, the number and kind of shares of capital stock covered by outstanding awards and the exercise prices specified therein as may be determined to be appropriate. Restricted Stock. The equity incentive plan also provides for the grant of restricted stock awards. A restricted stock award is an award of shares of common stock that is subject to restrictions on transferability and other restrictions, if any, as our compensation committee may impose at the date of grant. Shares of restricted common stock are subject to vesting as our compensation committee may approve or as may otherwise be agreed upon in a participant's employment or other award agreement. The restrictions may lapse separately or in combination at the times and under the circumstances, including without limitation, a specified period of employment or the satisfaction of pre-established criteria, in installments or otherwise, as our compensation committee may determine. Except to the extent restricted under the award agreement, a participant granted shares of restricted stock will have all of the rights of a stockholder, including, without limitation, the right to vote and the right to receive dividends on the restricted stock. Restricted Stock Units and Deferred Stock Units. Under the equity incentive plan, the compensation committee may award restricted stock units and deferred stock units, each for the duration that it determines in its discretion. Each restricted stock unit and each deferred stock unit is equivalent in value to one share of common stock and entitles the participant receiving the award to receive one share of common stock for each restricted stock unit at the end of the vesting period applicable to such restricted stock unit and for each deferred stock unit at the end of the deferral period. Participants are not required to pay any additional consideration in connection with the settlement of restricted stock units or deferred stock units. A holder of restricted stock units or deferred stock units has no voting rights, right to receive cash distributions or other rights as a stockholder until shares of common stock are issued to the holder in settlement of the stock units. However, participants holding restricted stock units or deferred stock units will be entitled to receive dividend equivalents with respect to any payment of cash dividends on an equivalent number of shares of common stock. Such dividend equivalents will be credited in the form of additional stock units. Performance Units. The equity incentive plan also provides for the grant of performance shares and performance units. Holders of performance units will be entitled to receive payment in cash or shares of our common stock (or in some combination of cash and shares) if the performance goals established by the compensation committee are achieved or the awards otherwise vest. Each performance unit will have an initial value established by the compensation committee. The compensation committee will set performance objectives, and such performance objectives may be based upon the achievement of company-wide, divisional or individual goals. Stock Appreciation Rights. The equity incentive plan also authorizes our compensation committee to grant stock appreciation rights. Stock appreciation rights are awards that give the recipient the right to 105
receive an amount equal to (1) the number of shares exercised under the right, multiplied by (2) the amount by which our stock price exceeds the exercise price. Payment may be in cash, in shares of our common stock with equivalent value, or in some combination, as determined by the administrator. The compensation committee will determine the exercise price, vesting schedule and other terms and conditions of stock appreciation rights; however, stock appreciation rights expire under the same rules that apply to stock options. Administration of the Plan. The equity incentive plan is administered by our compensation committee. Mr. Aldag is to make recommendations to the compensation committee as to which consultants, employees, and executive officers, other than himself, will be eligible to participate, subject to compensation committee review and approval. The compensation committee, in its absolute discretion, will determine the effect of an employee's termination on unvested options, restricted common stock and restricted stock units, unless otherwise provided in the equity incentive plan or the participant's employment or award agreement. COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION There are no compensation committee interlocks and none of our employees participates on the compensation committee. INSTITUTIONAL TRADING OF OUR COMMON STOCK Currently, approximately 19.9 million shares of common stock issued in connection with our April 2004 private placement are eligible for trading in the Portal(SM) Market, a subsidiary of The Nasdaq Stock Market, Inc., which permits secondary sales of eligible unregistered securities to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The last sale of our common stock on the Portal(SM) Market occurred on May 10, 2005 at a price of $10.00 per share. The following table shows the high and low sales prices for our common stock for each quarterly period since our common stock became eligible for trading in the Portal(SM) Market:
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of May 10, 2005 by (i) each of our directors, (ii) each of our executive officers, (iii) all of our directors and executive officers as a group and (iv) each person known to us who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our common stock, as adjusted to give effect to the issuance of shares of restricted common stock issuable upon completion of this offering. The SEC has defined "beneficial" ownership of a security to mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of voting power or investment power. A stockholder is also deemed to be, as of any date, the beneficial owner of all securities that such stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days after that date through (a) the exercise of any option, warrant or right, (b) the conversion of a security, (c) the power to revoke a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement, or (d) the automatic termination of a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement. Each beneficial owner named in the table has the sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the shares of our common stock shown as beneficially owned by such person, except as otherwise set forth in the notes to the table. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each named beneficial owner is Medical Properties Trust, Inc., 1000 Urban Center Drive, Suite 501, Birmingham, Alabama, 35242.
purchased in our April 2004 private placement, will vest upon the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. In addition, a founder's unvested shares will become 100% vested if the founder's employment is terminated by that founder with good reason or by us without cause, upon the founder's death or disability or upon a change of control of the company prior to completion of this offering. A founder's unvested shares will be forfeited if the founder's employment with us is terminated by us for good cause or by the founder without good reason prior to completion of this offering. SELLING STOCKHOLDERS The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of shares of common stock by the selling stockholders as of , 2005, the maximum number of shares of common stock being offered by the selling stockholders under this prospectus and the beneficial ownership of shares of common stock by the selling stockholders on , 2005 as adjusted to give effect to the sale of shares of common stock offered by this prospectus. The SEC has defined "beneficial" ownership of a security to mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of voting power or investment power. A stockholder is also deemed to be, as of any date, the beneficial owner of all securities that such stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days after that date through (a) the exercise of any option, warrant or right, (b) the conversion of a security, (c) the power to revoke a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement, or (d) the automatic termination of a trust, discretionary account or similar arrangement. Shares of common stock may also be sold by donees, pledges or other transferees or successors in interest of the selling stockholder. Pursuant to a registration rights agreement between us and our existing stockholders, these stockholders have the right to sell in this offering all or a portion of their shares of common stock. In accordance with notices that we received pursuant to these registration rights, we are including shares of common stock in this offering.
the holders of our outstanding common stock not being sold in this offering will be prohibited from selling, contracting to sell or otherwise disposing of or hedging their common stock for specified periods of time following the date of this prospectus. These registration rights and lock-up agreements are described in detail below. The summary of the registration rights agreement is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the registration rights agreement, a copy of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See "Where You Can Find More Information." Inclusion of Common Stock in this Offering. On or about November 12, 2004, we sent to all of our stockholders notice that we have filed a registration statement with the SEC for this offering. We sent this notice pursuant to the registration rights agreement among our stockholders, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. and us, under which the persons who purchased our common stock in our private placement in April 2004 and their transferees have the right to sell in this offering all or a portion of their common stock, subject to various rights of the underwriters and other conditions referred to below. Because this offering is underwritten, the registration rights agreement: - requires the selling stockholders to enter into the underwriting agreement for this offering; - permits the underwriters, based on marketing factors, to limit the number of shares a selling stockholder may sell in this offering; and - conditions the selling stockholders' participation in this offering on compliance with applicable provisions of the registration rights agreement. Resale Registration Statement. Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, we also agreed for the benefit of the holders of shares of common stock sold in our April 2004 private placement or issued to Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. in connection with our April 2004 private placement, that we would, at our expense, file with the SEC, no later than nine months following the closing of the offering, or January 6, 2005, a resale registration statement permitting the public offering and sale of the registrable securities. The resale registration statement was filed on January 6, 2005. Pursuant to a registration rights agreement between us, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. and certain holders of our common stock, we are required to pay most expenses in connection with the registration of the shares of common stock purchased in the April 2004 private placement. In addition, we will reimburse selling stockholders in an aggregate amount of up to $50,000, for the fees and expenses of one counsel and one accounting firm, as selected by Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. for the selling stockholders to review any registration statement. Each selling stockholder participating in this offering will bear a proportionate share based on the total number of shares of common stock sold in this offering of all discounts and commissions payable to the underwriters, all transfer taxes and transfer fees and any other expense of the selling stockholders not allocated to us in the registration rights agreement. In addition, we agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to cause the resale registration statement to become effective under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable after the filing and to maintain the resale registration statement continuously effective under the Securities Act until the first to occur of (1) such time as all of the shares of common stock covered by the resale registration statement have been sold pursuant to the registration statement or pursuant to Rule 144 (or any successor or analogous rule) under the Securities Act, (2) such time as all of the common stock not held by affiliates of us, and covered by the resale registration statement, are eligible for sale pursuant to Rule 144(k) (or any successor or analogous rule) under the Securities Act, (3) such time as the shares of common stock have been otherwise transferred, new certificates for them not bearing a legend restricting further transfer have been delivered by us and subsequent public distribution of such shares does not require registration, or (4) the second annual anniversary of the initial effective date of the resale registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will be permitted, under limited circumstances, to suspend the use, from time to time, of the prospectus that is part of the resale registration statement, and therefore suspend sales under the registration statement, for certain periods, referred to as "blackout periods," if a majority of the independent directors of our board, in good faith, determines that we are in compliance with the terms 109
of the registration rights agreement, that it is in our best interest to suspend the use of the registration statement, and: - that the offer or sale of any registrable shares would materially impede, delay or interfere with any material proposed acquisition, merger, tender offer, business combination, corporate reorganization, consolidation or similar material transaction; - after the advice of counsel, sale of the registrable shares would require disclosure of non-public material information not otherwise required to be disclosed under applicable law; and - disclosure would have a material adverse effect on us or on our ability to close the applicable transaction. In addition, we may effect a blackout if a majority of independent directors of our board, in good faith, determines that we are in compliance with the terms of the registration rights agreement, that it is in our best interest to suspend the use of the registration statement, and, after advice of counsel, that it is required by law, rule or regulation to supplement the registration statement or file a post-effective amendment for the purposes of: - including in the registration statement any prospectus required under Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; - reflecting any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement that represents a fundamental change in information set forth therein; or - including any material information with respect to the plan of distribution or change to the plan of distribution not set forth therein. The cumulative blackout periods in any 12 month period commencing on the closing of the offering may not exceed an aggregate of 90 days and furthermore may not exceed 60 days in any 90 day period. We may not institute a blackout period more than three times in any 12 month period. Upon the occurrence of any blackout period, we are to use our reasonable best efforts to take all action necessary to promptly permit resumed use of the registration statement. If, among other matters, we fail to file a resale registration statement within nine months of the closing of the April 2004 private placement or fail to maintain its effectiveness, or, if our board of directors suspends the effectiveness of the resale registration statement in excess of the permitted blackout periods described above, the holders of registrable shares (other than our affiliates) will be entitled to receive liquidated damages from us for the period during which such failures or excess suspensions are continuing. The liquidated damages will accrue daily during the first 90 days of any such period at a rate of $0.25 per registrable share per year and will escalate by $0.25 per registrable share per year at the end of each 90 day period within any such period up to a maximum rate of $1.00 per registrable share per year. The liquidated damages will be payable quarterly, in arrears within ten days after the end of each applicable quarter. In connection with the registration of the shares sold in the April 2004 private placement, we agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to list our common stock on the NYSE or the Nasdaq National Market and thereafter to maintain the listing. LOCK-UP AGREEMENTS All of our directors and executive officers, subject to limited exceptions, have agreed to be bound by lock-up agreements that prohibit these holders from selling or otherwise disposing of any of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they own or acquire for 180 days after the date of this prospectus. In addition, the underwriters will require that all of our stockholders other than our executive officers and directors agree not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of the shares of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they have acquired prior to the date of this prospectus and are not selling in this offering until 60 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to 110
limited exceptions. Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., on behalf of the underwriters, may, in its discretion, release all or any portion of the common stock subject to the lock-up agreements with our directors and executive officers, at any time and without notice or stockholder approval, in which case our other stockholders would also be released from the restrictions under the registration rights agreement. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS OUR FORMATION We were formed as a Maryland corporation on August 27, 2003 to succeed to the business of Medical Properties Trust, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed by certain of our founders in December 2002. In connection with our formation, we issued our founders 1,630,435 shares of our common stock in exchange for nominal cash consideration and the membership interests of Medical Properties Trust, LLC. Upon completion of our private placement in April 2004, 1,108,527 shares of the 1,630,435 shares of common stock held by our founders were redeemed for nominal value and they now collectively hold 557,908 shares of our common stock, including shares purchased in our April 2004 private placement. James P. Bennett was formerly an owner, officer, director and consultant of the company's predecessor, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, but has not been affiliated with us since August 2003. Our predecessor had a consulting agreement with Mr. Bennett pursuant to which he was to be paid a monthly consulting fee, certain fringe benefits and, under certain circumstances, a fee based upon the completion of specified acquisition transactions. We believe we owe Mr. Bennett $411,238. Mr. Bennett disputes this amount and has notified us that he believes he is entitled to be paid consulting fees of approximately $1.6 million. We intend to vigorously defend against this claim. From time to time, we may acquire or develop facilities in transactions involving prospective tenants in which our directors or executive officers have an interest. In accordance with our written conflicts of interest policy, we do not intend to engage in these transactions without the approval of a majority of our disinterested directors. OUR STRUCTURE Conflicts of interest could arise in the future as a result of the relationships between us and our affiliates, on the one hand, and our operating partnership or any limited partner thereof, on the other. Our directors and officers have duties to our company and our stockholders under applicable Maryland law in connection with their management of our company. At the same time, we, through our wholly owned subsidiary, have fiduciary duties, as a general partner, to our operating partnership and to the limited partners under Delaware law in connection with the management of our operating partnership. Our duties, through our wholly owned subsidiary, as a general partner to our operating partnership and its partners may come into conflict with the duties of our directors and officers to our company and our stockholders. The partnership agreement of our operating partnership requires us to resolve such conflicts in favor of our stockholders. Pursuant to Maryland law, a contract or other transaction between us and a director or between us and any other corporation or other entity in which any of our directors is a director or has a material financial interest is not void or voidable solely on the grounds of such common directorship or interest, the presence of such director at the meeting at which the contract or transaction is authorized, approved or ratified or the counting of the director's vote in favor thereof. However, such transaction will not be void or voidable only if: - the material facts relating to the common directorship or interest and as to the transaction are disclosed to our board of directors or a committee of our board, and our board or committee authorizes, approves or ratifies the transaction or contract by the affirmative vote of a majority of disinterested directors, even if the disinterested directors constitute less than a quorum; 111
- the material facts relating to the common directorship or interest and as to the transaction are disclosed to our stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the transaction is authorized, approved or ratified by a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote (other than the votes of shares owned of record or beneficially by the interested director); or - the transaction or contract is fair and reasonable to us at the time it is authorized, ratified or approved. Furthermore, under Delaware law, where our operating partnership is formed, we, acting through the general partner, have a fiduciary duty to our operating partnership and, consequently, such transactions are also subject to the duties of care and loyalty that we, as a general partner, owe to limited partners in our operating partnership (to the extent such duties have not been eliminated pursuant to the terms of the partnership agreement). Where appropriate, in the judgment of the disinterested directors, our board of directors may obtain a fairness opinion, or engage independent counsel to represent the interests of non-affiliated security holders, although our board of directors will have no obligation to do so. RELATIONSHIP WITH ONE OF OUR UNDERWRITERS On November 13, 2003, we entered into an engagement letter agreement with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., one of the underwriters of this offering. The engagement letter gives Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. the right to serve in the following capacities until April 2006: - as our financial advisor with respect to any future mergers, acquisitions or other business combinations; - as the sole book running and lead underwriter or sole placement agent in connection with any public or private offering of equity or any public offering of debt securities; and - as our agent in connection with the exercise of our warrants or options, other than warrants or options held by management or by Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. On March 31, 2004, we entered into a Purchase/Placement Agreement with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., pursuant to which Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. acted as initial purchaser and sole placement agent for our April 2004 private placement and received aggregate initial purchaser discounts and placement fees of $17.7 million. In addition, we issued 260,954 shares of our common stock to Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. as payment for financial advisory services. As of March 31, 2005, Friedman, Billing, Ramsey Group, Inc., an affiliate of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., beneficially owned, directly or indirectly through affiliates, 2,865,659 shares of our common stock or approximately 10.95% of our outstanding common stock. We have an account with Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. through which we manage approximately $79.2 million of our cash and cash equivalents. 112
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND POLICIES WITH RESPECT TO CERTAIN ACTIVITIES The following is a discussion of our investment policies and our policies with respect to certain other activities, including financing matters and conflicts of interest. These policies may be amended or revised from time to time at the discretion of our board of directors, without a vote of our stockholders. Any change to any of these policies by our board of directors, however, would be made only after a thorough review and analysis of that change, in light of then-existing business and other circumstances, and then only if, in the exercise of its business judgment, our board of directors believes that it is advisable to do so in our and our stockholders' best interests. We cannot assure you that our investment objectives will be attained. INVESTMENTS IN REAL ESTATE OR INTERESTS IN REAL ESTATE We conduct our investment activities through our operating partnership and other subsidiaries. Our policy is to acquire or develop assets primarily for current income generation. In general, our investment strategy consists of the following elements: - Integral Healthcare Real Estate: We acquire and develop net-leased healthcare facilities providing state-of-the-art healthcare services. In our experience, healthcare service providers, including physicians and hospital operating companies, choose to remain in an established location for relatively long periods since changing the location of their physical facilities does not assure that other critical components of the healthcare delivery system, such as laboratory support, access to specialized equipment, patient referral sources, nursing and other professional support, and patient convenience, will continue to be available at the same level of quality and efficiency. Consequently, we believe market conditions will remain favorable for long-term net-leased healthcare facilities, and we do not presently expect high levels of tenant turnover. Moreover, we believe that our partnering approach will afford us the opportunity to play an integral role in the strategic planning process for the financing of replacement facilities and the development of alternative uses for existing facilities. - Net-lease Strategy: Our healthcare facilities are leased to healthcare operators pursuant to long-term net-lease agreements under which our tenants are responsible for virtually all costs of occupancy, including property taxes, utilities, insurance and maintenance. We believe an important investment consideration is that our leases to healthcare operators provide a means for us to participate in the anticipated growth of the healthcare sector of the United States economy. Our leases generally provide for either contractual annual rent increases ranging from 1.0% to 3.0% and, where feasible and in compliance with applicable healthcare laws and regulations, percentage rent. We expect that such rental rate adjustments will provide us with significant internal growth. - Diversified Investment Strategy: Our facilities and the Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities are diversified geographically, by service type within the healthcare industry and by types of operator. We have invested and intend to invest in a portfolio of net-leased healthcare facilities providing state-of-the-art healthcare services. Our facilities and Pending Acquisition and Development Facilities include new and established facilities, both small and large facilities, including rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, regional and community hospitals, medical office buildings and specialized single-discipline facilities. Our facilities are and we expect will continue to be located across the country. In addition, our tenants and prospective tenants are diversified across many healthcare service areas. Because of the expected diversity of our facilities in terms of facility type, geographic location and tenant, we believe that our financial performance is less likely to be materially affected by changes in reimbursement or payment rates by private or public insurers or by changes in local or regional economies. - Financing Strategy: We intend to employ leverage in our capital structure in amounts determined from time to time by our board of directors. At present, we intend to limit our debt to 113
approximately 60% of the aggregate costs of our facilities, although we may temporarily exceed that level from time to time. We expect our borrowings to be a combination of long-term, fixed-rate, non-recourse mortgage loans, variable-rate secured term and revolving credit facilities, and other fixed and variable-rate short to medium-term loans. There are no limitations on the amount or percentage of our total assets that may be invested in any one facility. Additionally, no limits have been set on the concentration of investments in any one location or facility type or with any one tenant. Our current policy requires the approval of our board of directors for acquisitions or developments of facilities which exceed $10 million. We believe that adherence to the investment strategy outlined above will allow us to achieve the following objectives: - increase in our stock value through increases in the cash flows and values of our facilities; - achievement of long-term capital appreciation, and preservation and protection of the value of our interest in our facilities; and - providing regular cash distributions to our stockholders, a portion of which may constitute a nontaxable return of capital because it will exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, as well as providing growth in distributions over time. INVESTMENTS IN SECURITIES OF OR INTERESTS IN PERSONS PRIMARILY ENGAGED IN REAL ESTATE ACTIVITIES AND OTHER ISSUERS Generally speaking, we do not expect to engage in any significant investment activities with other entities, although we may consider joint venture investments with other investors or with healthcare service providers. We may also invest in the securities of other issuers in connection with acquisitions of indirect interests in facilities (normally general or limited partnership interests in special purpose partnerships owning facilities). We may in the future acquire some, all or substantially all of the securities or assets of other REITs or similar entities where that investment would be consistent with our investment policies and the REIT qualification requirements. There are no limitations on the amount or percentage of our total assets that may be invested in any one issuer, other than those imposed by the gross income and asset tests that we must satisfy to qualify as a REIT. However, we do not anticipate investing in other issuers of securities for the purpose of exercising control or acquiring any investments primarily for sale in the ordinary course of business or holding any investments with a view to making short-term profits from their sale. In any event, we do not intend that our investments in securities will require us to register as an "investment company" under the Investment Company Act, and we intend to divest securities before any registration would be required. We do not intend to engage in trading, underwriting, agency distribution or sales of securities of other issuers. DISPOSITIONS Although we have no current plans to dispose of any of our facilities, we will consider doing so, subject to REIT qualification rules, if our management determines that a sale of a facility would be in our best interests based on the price being offered for the facility, the operating performance of the facility, the tax consequences of the sale and other factors and circumstances surrounding the proposed sale. In addition, our tenants have, and we expect that some or all of our prospective tenants will have, the option to acquire the facilities at the end of or, in some cases, during the lease term. FINANCING POLICIES We intend to employ leverage in our capital structure in amounts determined from time to time by our board of directors. At present, we intend to limit our debt to approximately 60% of the aggregate costs of our facilities, although we may temporarily exceed that level from time to time. We expect our 114
borrowings to be a combination of long-term, fixed-rate, non-recourse mortgage loans, variable-rate secured term and revolving credit facilities, and other fixed and variable-rate short to medium-term loans. Our board of directors considers a number of factors when evaluating our level of indebtedness and when making decisions regarding the incurrence of indebtedness, including the purchase price of facilities to be acquired, the estimated market value of our facilities and the ability of particular facilities, and our company as a whole, to generate cash flow to cover expected debt service. Any of this indebtedness may be unsecured or may be secured by mortgages or other interests in our facilities, and may be recourse, non-recourse or cross-collateralized and, if recourse, that recourse may include our general assets and, if non-recourse, may be limited to the particular facility to which the indebtedness relates. In addition, we may invest in facilities subject to existing loans secured by mortgages or similar liens on the facilities, or may refinance facilities acquired on a leveraged basis. We may use the proceeds from any borrowings for working capital, to purchase additional interests in partnerships or joint ventures in which we participate, to refinance existing indebtedness or to finance acquisitions, expansion, redevelopment of existing facilities or development of new facilities. We may also incur indebtedness for other purposes when, in the opinion of our board of directors, it is advisable to do so. In addition, we may need to borrow to meet the taxable income distribution requirements under the Code if we do not have sufficient cash available to meet those distribution requirements. LENDING POLICIES We do not have a policy limiting our ability to make loans to persons other than our executive officers. We may consider offering purchase money financing in connection with the sale of facilities where the provision of that financing will increase the value to be received by us for the facility sold. We may make loans to joint ventures in which we may participate in the future. Although we do not intend to engage in significant lending activities in the future, we have and may in the future make acquisition and working capital loans to prospective tenants as well as mortgage loans to other facility owners. See "Summary -- Loans and Fees Receivable." EQUITY CAPITAL POLICIES Subject to applicable law, our board of directors has the authority, without further stockholder approval, to issue additional shares of authorized common stock and preferred stock or otherwise raise capital, including through the issuance of senior securities, in any manner and on the terms and for the consideration it deems appropriate, including in exchange for property. Existing stockholders will have no preemptive right to additional shares issued in any offering, and any offering might cause a dilution of investment. We may in the future issue common stock in connection with acquisitions. We also may issue limited partnership units in our operating partnership or equity interests in other subsidiaries in connection with acquisitions of facilities or otherwise. Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with terms and conditions that could have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a transaction or a change in control in us that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise might be in their best interests. Additionally, any shares of preferred stock could have dividend, voting, liquidation and other rights and preferences that are senior to those of our common stock. We may, under certain circumstances, purchase our common stock in the open market or in private transactions with our stockholders, if those purchases are approved by our board of directors. Our board of directors has no present intention of causing us to repurchase any shares, and any action would only be taken in conformity with applicable federal and state laws and the applicable requirements for qualifying as a REIT. In the future we may institute a dividend reinvestment plan, which would allow our stockholders to acquire additional common stock by automatically reinvesting their cash dividends. Shares would be acquired pursuant to the plan at a price equal to the then prevailing market price, without payment of 115
brokerage commissions or service charges. Stockholders who do not participate in the plan will continue to receive cash dividends as declared and paid. CODE OF ETHICS AND CONFLICT OF INTEREST POLICY We have adopted written policies that are intended to minimize actual or potential conflicts of interest. However, we cannot assure you that these policies will be successful in eliminating the influence of these conflicts. Our code of ethics and business conduct, or code of ethics, requires our directors, officers and employees to conduct themselves in a manner that avoids even the appearance of a conflict of interest, and to discuss any transaction or relationship that reasonably could be expected to give rise to a conflict of interest with our code of ethics contact person. Our code of ethics also addresses insider trading, company funds and property, corporate opportunities and fair dealing. In addition, we have adopted a policy that requires that all contracts and transactions between us, our operating partnership or any of our subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any of our directors or executive officers or any entity in which such director or executive officer is a director or has a material financial interest, on the other hand, must be approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of our disinterested directors. 116
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK The following summary of the material provisions of our capital stock is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Maryland general corporation law, or MGCL, and our charter and bylaws. Copies of our charter and bylaws are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We recommend that you review these documents. See "Where You Can Find More Information." AUTHORIZED STOCK Our charter authorizes us to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.001 per share. Upon completion of this offering, there will be shares of common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. Our charter authorizes our board of directors to increase the aggregate number of authorized shares or the number of shares of any class or series without stockholder approval. Under Maryland law, stockholders generally are not liable for the corporation's debts or obligations. COMMON STOCK All shares of our common stock offered hereby will be duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable. Subject to the preferential rights of any other class or series of stock and to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on transfer of stock, holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends on such stock when, as and if authorized by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor and declared by us and to share ratably in the assets of our company legally available for distribution to our stockholders in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up after payment of or adequate provision for all known debts and liabilities of our company, including the preferential rights on dissolution of any class or classes of preferred stock. Subject to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on transfer of stock, each outstanding share of our common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors and, except as provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of such shares will possess the exclusive voting power. There is no cumulative voting in the election of our board of directors. Our directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders at which a quorum is present. Holders of shares of our common stock have no preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund, redemption or appraisal rights and have no preemptive rights to subscribe for any securities of our company. Subject to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on transfer of stock, shares of our common stock will have equal dividend, liquidation and other rights. Under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, consolidate, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business unless approved by the corporation's board of directors and by the affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least two-thirds of the shares entitled to vote on the matter unless a lesser percentage (but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter) is set forth in the corporation's charter. Our charter does not provide for a lesser percentage for these matters. However, Maryland law permits a corporation to transfer all or substantially all of its assets without the approval of the stockholders of the corporation to one or more persons if all of the equity interests of the person or persons are owned, directly or indirectly, by the corporation. Because operating assets may be held by a corporation's subsidiaries, as in our situation, this may mean that a subsidiary of a corporation can transfer all of its assets without a vote of the corporation's stockholders. Our charter authorizes our board of directors to reclassify any unissued shares of our common stock into other classes or series of classes of stock and to establish the number of shares in each class or series and to set the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption for each such class or series. 117
PREFERRED STOCK Our charter authorizes our board of directors to classify any unissued shares of preferred stock and to reclassify any previously classified but unissued shares of any series. Prior to issuance of shares of each series, our board of directors is required by the MGCL and our charter to set the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each such series. Thus, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control transaction that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or which holders might believe to otherwise be in their best interest. As of the date hereof, no shares of preferred stock are outstanding, and we have no current plans to issue any preferred stock. WARRANT On April 7, 2004, we granted an unregistered warrant for 35,000 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $9.30 per share, to an unaffiliated third party. The warrant is fully vested, and may be exercised at any time until the first to occur of a sale of all or substantially all of our assets or a similar transaction, the closing of our initial public offering or April 7, 2009. We are required to give the warrantholder notice at least 10 days prior to the closing of this offering. POWER TO INCREASE AUTHORIZED STOCK AND ISSUE ADDITIONAL SHARES OF OUR COMMON STOCK AND PREFERRED STOCK We believe that the power of our board of directors, without stockholder approval, to increase the number of authorized shares of stock, issue additional authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock and to classify or reclassify unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock and thereafter to cause us to issue such classified or reclassified shares of stock will provide us with flexibility in structuring possible future financings and acquisitions and in meeting other needs which might arise. The additional classes or series, as well as the common stock, will be available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless stockholder consent is required by applicable law or the rules of any national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which our securities may be listed or traded. RESTRICTIONS ON OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER In order for us to qualify as a REIT under the Code, not more than 50% of the value of the outstanding shares of our stock may be owned, actually or constructively, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain entities) during the last half of a taxable year (other than the first year for which an election to be a REIT has been made by us). In addition, if we, or one or more owners (actually or constructively) of 10% or more of our stock, actually or constructively owns 10% or more of a tenant of ours (or a tenant of any partnership in which we are a partner), the rent received by us (either directly or through any such partnership) from such tenant will not be qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests of the Code. Our stock must also be beneficially owned by 100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year (other than the first year for which an election to be a REIT has been made by us). Our charter contains restrictions on the ownership and transfer of our capital stock that are intended to assist us in complying with these requirements and continuing to qualify as a REIT. The relevant sections of our charter provide that, effective upon completion of this offering and subject to the exceptions described below, no person or persons acting as a group may own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than (i) 9.8% of the number or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the outstanding shares of our common stock or (ii) 9.8% of the number or value, whichever is more restrictive, of the issued and outstanding preferred or other shares of any class or series of our stock. We refer to this restriction as the "ownership limit." The ownership limitation in our charter is more restrictive than the restrictions on ownership of our common stock imposed by the Code. 118
The ownership attribution rules under the Code are complex and may cause stock owned actually or constructively by a group of related individuals or entities to be owned constructively by one individual or entity. As a result, the acquisition of less than 9.8% of our common stock (or the acquisition of an interest in an entity that owns, actually or constructively, our common stock) by an individual or entity could nevertheless cause that individual or entity, or another individual or entity, to own constructively in excess of 9.8% of our outstanding common stock and thereby subject the common stock to the ownership limit. Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion, waive the ownership limit with respect to one or more stockholders if it determines that such ownership will not jeopardize our status as a REIT (for example, by causing any tenant of ours to be considered a "related party tenant" for purposes of the REIT qualification rules). As a condition of our waiver, our board of directors may require an opinion of counsel or IRS ruling satisfactory to our board of directors and representations or undertakings from the applicant with respect to preserving our REIT status. In connection with the waiver of the ownership limit or at any other time, our board of directors may decrease the ownership limit for all other persons and entities; provided, however, that the decreased ownership limit will not be effective for any person or entity whose percentage ownership in our capital stock is in excess of such decreased ownership limit until such time as such person or entity's percentage of our capital stock equals or falls below the decreased ownership limit, but any further acquisition of our capital stock in excess of such percentage ownership of our capital stock will be in violation of the ownership limit. Additionally, the new ownership limit may not allow five or fewer "individuals" (as defined for purposes of the REIT ownership restrictions under the Code) to beneficially own more than 49.5% of the value of our outstanding capital stock. Our charter generally prohibits: - any person from actually or constructively owning shares of our capital stock that would result in us being "closely held" under Section 856(h) of the Code; and - any person from transferring shares of our capital stock if such transfer would result in shares of our stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined without reference to any rules of attribution). Any person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire beneficial or constructive ownership of shares of our common stock that will or may violate any of the foregoing restrictions on transferability and ownership will be required to give notice immediately to us and provide us with such other information as we may request in order to determine the effect of such transfer on our status as a REIT. The foregoing provisions on transferability and ownership will not apply if our board of directors determines that it is no longer in our best interests to attempt to qualify, or to continue to qualify, as a REIT. Pursuant to our charter, if any purported transfer of our capital stock or any other event would otherwise result in any person violating the ownership limits or the other restrictions in our charter, then any such purported transfer will be void and of no force or effect with respect to the purported transferee or owner (collectively referred to hereinafter as the "purported owner") as to that number of shares in excess of the ownership limit (rounded up to the nearest whole share). The number of shares in excess of the ownership limit will be automatically transferred to, and held by, a trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more charitable organizations selected by us. The trustee of the trust will be designated by us and must be unaffiliated with us and with any purported owner. The automatic transfer will be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the violative transfer or other event that results in a transfer to the trust. Any dividend or other distribution paid to the purported owner, prior to our discovery that the shares had been automatically transferred to a trust as described above, must be repaid to the trustee upon demand for distribution to the beneficiary of the trust and all dividends and other distributions paid by us with respect to such "excess" shares prior to the sale by the trustee of such shares shall be paid to the trustee for the beneficiary. If the transfer to the trust as described above is not automatically effective, for any reason, to prevent violation of the applicable ownership limit, then our 119
charter provides that the transfer of the excess shares will be void. Subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that such excess shares have been transferred to the trust, the trustee shall have the authority (at the trustee's sole discretion and subject to applicable law) (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by a purported owner prior to our discovery that such shares have been transferred to the trust and (ii) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the beneficiary of the trust, provided that if we have already taken irreversible action, then the trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Shares of our capital stock transferred to the trustee are deemed offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price paid by the purported owner for the shares (or, if the event which resulted in the transfer to the trust did not involve a purchase of such shares of our capital stock at market price, the market price on the day of the event which resulted in the transfer of such shares of our capital stock to the trust) and (ii) the market price on the date we, or our designee, accepts such offer. We have the right to accept such offer until the trustee has sold the shares of our capital stock held in the trust pursuant to the provisions discussed below. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold terminates and the trustee must distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the purported owner and any dividends or other distributions held by the trustee with respect to such capital stock will be paid to the charitable beneficiary. If we do not buy the shares, the trustee must, within 20 days of receiving notice from us of the transfer of shares to the trust, sell the shares to a person or entity designated by the trustee who could own the shares without violating the ownership limits. After that, the trustee must distribute to the purported owner an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the net price paid by the purported owner for the shares (or, if the event which resulted in the transfer to the trust did not involve a purchase of such shares at market price, the market price on the day of the event which resulted in the transfer of such shares of our capital stock to the trust) and (ii) the net sales proceeds received by the trust for the shares. Any proceeds in excess of the amount distributable to the purported owner will be distributed to the beneficiary. All persons who own, directly or by virtue of the attribution provisions of the Code, more than 5% (or such other percentage as provided in the regulations promulgated under the Code) of the lesser of the number or value of the shares of our outstanding capital stock must give written notice to us within 30 days after the end of each calendar year. In addition, each stockholder will, upon demand, be required to disclose to us in writing such information with respect to the direct, indirect and constructive ownership of shares of our stock as our board of directors deems reasonably necessary to comply with the provisions of the Code applicable to a REIT, to comply with the requirements or any taxing authority or governmental agency or to determine any such compliance. All certificates representing shares of our capital stock will bear a legend referring to the restrictions described above. These ownership limits could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control of our company that might involve a premium price over the then prevailing market price for the holders of some, or a majority, of our outstanding shares of common stock or which such holders might believe to be otherwise in their best interest. TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer and Trust Co. 120
MATERIAL PROVISIONS OF MARYLAND LAW AND OF OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS The following is a summary of certain provisions of Maryland law and of our charter and bylaws. For a complete description, we refer you to the applicable Maryland laws and to our charter and bylaws, copies of which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See "Where You Can Find More Information." THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Our charter and bylaws provide that the number of our directors is to be established by our board of directors but may not be fewer than one nor more than 15. Currently, our board is comprised of seven directors. Any vacancy, other than one resulting from an increase in the number of directors, may be filled, at any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, by a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum. Any vacancy resulting from an increase in the number of our directors must be filled by a majority of the entire board of directors. A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected to serve until the next election of directors and until his successor shall be elected and qualified. Pursuant to our charter, each member of our board of directors is elected until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected, with the current members' terms expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2005. Holders of shares of our common stock have no right to cumulative voting in the election of directors. Consequently, at each annual meeting of stockholders, all of the members of our board of directors will stand for election and our directors will be elected by a plurality of votes cast. Directors may be removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS Maryland law prohibits "business combinations" between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or an affiliate of an interested stockholder for five years after the most recent date on which the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. These business combinations include a merger, consolidation, share exchange, or, in circumstances specified in the statute, certain transfers of assets, certain stock issuances and reclassifications. Maryland law defines an interested stockholder as: - any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation's voting stock; or - an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then-outstanding voting stock of the corporation. A person is not an interested stockholder if the board of directors approves in advance the transaction by which the person otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving the transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board of directors. After the five year prohibition, any business combination between a corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of at least: - 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of the then outstanding shares of voting stock; and - two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of the voting stock other than shares held by the interested stockholder with whom or with whose affiliate the business combination is to be effected or shares held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder. 121
These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under Maryland law, for their shares in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares. The statute permits various exemptions from its provisions, including business combinations that are approved by the board of directors before the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. As permitted by Maryland law, our charter includes a provision excluding our company from these provisions of the MGCL and, consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements will not apply to business combinations between us and any interested stockholder of ours unless we later amend our charter, with stockholder approval, to modify or eliminate this exclusion provision. We believe that our ownership restrictions will substantially reduce the risk that a stockholder would become an "interested stockholder" within the meaning of the Maryland business combination statute. There can be no assurance, however, that we will not opt into the business combination provisions of the MGCL at a future date. CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITIONS The MGCL provides that "control shares" of a Maryland corporation acquired in a "control share acquisition" have no voting rights except to the extent approved at a special meeting by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares owned by the acquiror or by officers or directors who are our employees are excluded from shares entitled to vote on the matter. "Control shares" are voting shares which, if aggregated with all other shares previously acquired by the acquirer or in respect of which the acquirer is able to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy, would entitle the acquirer to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting power: (i) one-tenth or more but less than one-third, (ii) one-third or more but less than a majority, or (iii) a majority or more of all voting power. Control shares do not include shares the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. A "control share acquisition" means the acquisition of control shares, subject to certain exceptions. A person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition, upon satisfaction of certain conditions, including an undertaking to pay expenses, may compel a corporation's board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself present the question at any stockholders meeting. If voting rights are not approved at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an acquiring person statement as required by Maryland law, then, subject to certain conditions and limitations, the corporation may redeem any or all of the control shares, except those for which voting rights have previously been approved, for fair value determined, without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, as of the date of the last control share acquisition by the acquirer or of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights of such shares are considered and not approved. If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders meeting and the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares entitled to vote, then all other stockholders are entitled to demand and receive fair value for their stock, or provided for in the "dissenters" rights provisions of the MGCL may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares as determined for purposes of such appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid by the acquirer in the control share acquisition. The control share acquisition statute does not apply (i) to shares acquired in a merger, consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or (ii) to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. 122
Our charter contains a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of our stock. There can be no assurance that we will not opt into the control share acquisition provisions of the MGCL in the future. MARYLAND UNSOLICITED TAKEOVERS ACT Maryland law also permits Maryland corporations that are subject to the Exchange Act and have at least three outside directors to elect by resolution of the board of directors or by provision in its charter or bylaws to be subject to some corporate governance provisions that may be inconsistent with the corporation's charter and bylaws. Under the applicable statute, a board of directors may classify itself without the vote of stockholders. A board of directors classified in that manner cannot be altered by amendment to the charter of the corporation. Further, the board of directors may, by electing into applicable statutory provisions and notwithstanding the charter or bylaws: - provide that a special meeting of the stockholders will be called only at the request of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting; - reserve for itself the right to fix the number of directors; - provide that a director may be removed only by the vote of the holders of two-thirds of the stock entitled to vote; - retain for itself sole authority to fill vacancies created by the death, removal or resignation of a director; and - provide that all vacancies on the board of directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors, in office, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred. A board of directors may implement all or any of these provisions without amending the charter or bylaws and without stockholder approval. A corporation may be prohibited by its charter or by resolution of its board of directors from electing any of the provisions of the statute. We are not prohibited from implementing any or all of these provisions. While certain of these provisions are already addressed by our charter and bylaws, the law would permit our board of directors to override further changes to the charter or bylaws. If implemented, these provisions could discourage offers to acquire our stock and could increase the difficulty of completing an offer. AMENDMENT TO OUR CHARTER Our charter may be amended only if declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter except that after June 1, 2005, our board of directors will be able, without stockholder approval to amend our charter to change our corporate name or the name or designation or par value of any class or series of stock. DISSOLUTION OF OUR COMPANY A voluntary dissolution of our company must be declared advisable by a majority of the entire board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. ADVANCE NOTICE OF DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS AND NEW BUSINESS Our bylaws provide that: - with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, the only business to be considered and the only proposals to be acted upon will be those properly brought before the annual meeting: - pursuant to our notice of the meeting; 123
- by, or at the direction of, a majority of our board of directors; or - by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and has complied with the advance notice procedures set forth in our bylaws; - with respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our company's notice of meeting may be brought before the meeting of stockholders unless otherwise provided by law; and - nominations of persons for election to our board of directors at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be made only: - by, or at the direction of, our board of directors; or - by a stockholder who is entitled to vote at the meeting and has complied with the advance notice provisions set forth in our bylaws. Generally, under our bylaws, a stockholder seeking to nominate a director or bring other business before our annual meeting of stockholders must deliver a notice to our secretary not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of mailing of the notice to stockholders for the prior year's annual meeting. For a stockholder seeking to nominate a candidate for our board of directors, the notice must describe various matters regarding the nominee, including name, address, occupation and number of shares of common stock held, and other specified matters. For a stockholder seeking to propose other business, the notice must include a description of the proposed business, the reasons for the proposal and other specified matters. INDEMNIFICATION AND LIMITATION OF DIRECTORS' AND OFFICERS' LIABILITY The MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages except for liability resulting from actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment as being material to the cause of action. Our charter limits the personal liability of our directors and officers for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted under current Maryland law, and our charter and bylaws provide that a director or officer shall be indemnified to the fullest extent required or permitted by Maryland law from and against any claim or liability to which such director or officer may become subject by reason of his or her status as a director or officer of our company. Maryland law allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and expenses actually incurred in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made a party by reason of their service on those or other capacities unless the following can be established: - the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; - the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or - with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his or her act or omission was unlawful. The MGCL requires a corporation (unless its charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any claim to which he or she is made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. However, under the MGCL, a Maryland corporation may not indemnify for an adverse judgment in a suit by or in the right of the corporation or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, unless in either case a court orders indemnification and then only for expenses. In 124
addition, the MGCL permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon the corporation's receipt of: - a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the corporation; and - a written undertaking by the director or on the director's behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the corporation if it is ultimately determined that the director did not meet the standard of conduct. Our charter authorizes us to obligate ourselves to indemnify and our bylaws do obligate us, to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to: - any present or former director or officer who is made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity; or - any individual who, while a director or officer of our company and at our request, serves or has served another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise as a director, officer, partner or trustee of such corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity. Our charter and bylaws also permit us to indemnify and advance expenses to any person who served a predecessor of ours in any of the capacities described above. Our stockholders have no personal liability for indemnification payments or other obligations under any indemnification agreements or arrangements. However, indemnification could reduce the legal remedies available to us and our stockholders against the indemnified individuals. This provision for indemnification of our directors and officers does not limit a stockholder's ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a director's or an officer's duties to us or to our stockholders, although these equitable remedies may not be effective in some circumstances. In addition to any indemnification to which our directors and officers are entitled pursuant to our charter and bylaws and the MGCL, our charter and bylaws provide that, with the approval of our board of directors, we may indemnify other employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland law, whether they are serving us or, at our request, any other entity. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers, and we maintain a directors and officers liability insurance policy. See "Management -- Limited Liability and Indemnification." Insofar as the foregoing provisions permit indemnification of directors, officers or persons controlling us for liability arising under the Securities Act, we have been informed that, in the opinion of the SEC, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. 125
PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT The following is a summary of the material terms of the first amended and restated agreement of limited partnership of our operating partnership. This summary is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the first amended and restated agreement of limited partnership of our operating partnership, a copy of which is an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See "Where You Can Find More Information." MANAGEMENT OF OUR OPERATING PARTNERSHIP MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., our operating partnership, was organized as a Delaware limited partnership on September 10, 2003. The initial partnership agreement was entered into on that date and amended and restated on March 1, 2004. Pursuant to the partnership agreement, as the owner of the sole general partner of the operating partnership, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, we have, subject to certain protective rights of limited partners described below, full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the operating partnership. We have the power to cause the operating partnership to enter into certain major transactions, including acquisitions, dispositions, refinancings and selection of tenants, and to cause changes in the operating partnership's line of business and distribution policies. However, any amendment to the partnership agreement that would affect the redemption rights of the limited partners or otherwise adversely affect the rights of the limited partners requires the consent of limited partners, other than us, holding more than 50% of the units of our operating partnership held by such partners. TRANSFERABILITY OF INTERESTS We may not voluntarily withdraw from the operating partnership or transfer or assign our interest in the operating partnership or engage in any merger, consolidation or other combination, or sale of substantially all of our assets, in a transaction which results in a change of control of our company unless: - we receive the consent of limited partners holding more than 50% of the partnership interests of the limited partners, other than those held by our company or its subsidiaries; - as a result of such transaction, all limited partners will have the right to receive for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other property equal in value to the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property paid in the transaction to a holder of one share of our common stock, provided that if, in connection with the transaction, a purchase, tender or exchange offer shall have been made to and accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, each holder of partnership units shall be given the option to exchange its partnership units for the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property that a limited partner would have received had it (i) exercised its redemption right (described below) and (ii) sold, tendered or exchanged pursuant to the offer shares of our common stock received upon exercise of the redemption right immediately prior to the expiration of the offer; or - we are the surviving entity in the transaction and either (i) our stockholders do not receive cash, securities or other property in the transaction or (ii) all limited partners receive for each partnership unit an amount of cash, securities or other property having a value that is no less than the greatest amount of cash, securities or other property received in the transaction by our stockholders. We also may merge with or into or consolidate with another entity if immediately after such merger or consolidation (i) substantially all of the assets of the successor or surviving entity, other than partnership units held by us, are contributed, directly or indirectly, to the partnership as a capital contribution in exchange for partnership units with a fair market value equal to the value of the assets so contributed as determined by the survivor in good faith and (ii) the survivor expressly agrees to assume all of our obligations under the partnership agreement and the partnership agreement shall be amended after any such merger or consolidation so as to arrive at a new method of calculating the amounts payable upon 126
exercise of the redemption right that approximates the existing method for such calculation as closely as reasonably possible. We also may (i) transfer all or any portion of our general partnership interest to (A) a wholly-owned subsidiary or (B) a parent company, and following such transfer may withdraw as general partner and (ii) engage in a transaction required by law or by the rules of any national securities exchange or automated quotation system on which our securities may be listed or traded. CAPITAL CONTRIBUTION We contributed to our operating partnership substantially all the net proceeds of our April 2004 private placement as a capital contribution in exchange for units of the operating partnership. The partnership agreement provides that if the operating partnership requires additional funds at any time in excess of funds available to the operating partnership from borrowing or capital contributions, we may borrow such funds from a financial institution or other lender and lend such funds to the operating partnership on the same terms and conditions as are applicable to our borrowing of such funds. Under the partnership agreement, we are obligated to contribute the proceeds of any offering of shares of our company's stock as additional capital to the operating partnership. We are authorized to cause the operating partnership to issue partnership interests for less than fair market value if we have concluded in good faith that such issuance is in both the operating partnership's and our best interests. If we contribute additional capital to the operating partnership, we will receive additional partnership units and our percentage interest will be increased on a proportionate basis based upon the amount of such additional capital contributions and the value of the operating partnership at the time of such contributions. Conversely, the percentage interests of the limited partners will be decreased on a proportionate basis in the event of additional capital contributions by us. In addition, if we contribute additional capital to the operating partnership, we will revalue the property of the operating partnership to its fair market value, as determined by us, and the capital accounts of the partners will be adjusted to reflect the manner in which the unrealized gain or loss inherent in such property, that has not been reflected in the capital accounts previously, would be allocated among the partners under the terms of the partnership agreement if there were a taxable disposition of such property for its fair market value, as determined by us, on the date of the revaluation. The operating partnership may issue preferred partnership interests, in connection with acquisitions of property or otherwise, which could have priority over common partnership interests with respect to distributions from the operating partnership, including the partnership interests that our wholly-owned subsidiary owns as general partner. REDEMPTION RIGHTS Pursuant to Section 8.04 of the partnership agreement, the limited partners, other than us, will receive redemption rights, which will enable them to cause the operating partnership to redeem their limited partnership units in exchange for cash or, at our option, shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment for stock splits, dividends, recapitalization and similar events. Currently, we own 100% of the issued limited partnership units of our operating partnership. Under Section 8.04 of our partnership agreement, holders of limited partnership units will be prohibited from exercising their redemption rights for 12 months after they are issued, unless this waiting period is waived or shortened by our board of directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a limited partner will not be entitled to exercise its redemption rights if the delivery of common stock to the redeeming limited partner would: - result in any person owning, directly or indirectly, common stock in excess of the stock ownership limit in our charter; - result in our shares of stock being owned by fewer than 100 persons (determined without reference to any rules of attribution); - result in our being "closely held" within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code; 127
- cause us to own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our or the partnership's real property, within the meaning of Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code; or - cause the acquisition of common stock by such redeeming limited partner to be "integrated" with any other distribution of common stock for purposes of complying with the registration provisions of the Securities Act. We may, in our sole and absolute discretion, waive any of these restrictions. With respect to the partnership units issuable in connection with the acquisition or development of our facilities, the redemption rights may be exercised by the limited partners at any time after the first anniversary of our acquisition of these facilities; provided, however, unless we otherwise agree: - a limited partner may not exercise the redemption right for fewer than 1,000 partnership units or, if such limited partner holds fewer than 1,000 partnership units, the limited partner must redeem all of the partnership units held by such limited partner; - a limited partner may not exercise the redemption right for more than the number of partnership units that would, upon redemption, result in such limited partner or any other person owning, directly or indirectly, common stock in excess of the ownership limitation in our charter; and - a limited partner may not exercise the redemption right more than two times annually. We currently hold all the outstanding interests in our operating partnership and, accordingly, there are currently no units of our operating partnership subject to being redeemed in exchange for shares of our common stock. The number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the redemption rights will be adjusted to account for stock splits, mergers, consolidations or similar pro rata stock transactions. The partnership agreement requires that the operating partnership be operated in a manner that enables us to satisfy the requirements for being classified as a REIT, to avoid any federal income or excise tax liability imposed by the Code (other than any federal income tax liability associated with our retained capital gains) and to ensure that the partnership will not be classified as a "publicly traded partnership" taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Code. In addition to the administrative and operating costs and expenses incurred by the operating partnership, the operating partnership generally will pay all of our administrative costs and expenses, including: - all expenses relating to our continuity of existence; - all expenses relating to offerings and registration of securities; - all expenses associated with the preparation and filing of any of our periodic reports under federal, state or local laws or regulations; - all expenses associated with our compliance with laws, rules and regulations promulgated by any regulatory body; and - all of our other operating or administrative costs incurred in the ordinary course of business on behalf of the operating partnership. DISTRIBUTIONS The partnership agreement provides that the operating partnership will distribute cash from operations, including net sale or refinancing proceeds, but excluding net proceeds from the sale of the operating partnership's property in connection with the liquidation of the operating partnership, at such time and in such amounts as determined by us in our sole discretion, to us and the limited partners in accordance with their respective percentage interests in the operating partnership. Upon liquidation of the operating partnership, after payment of, or adequate provision for, debts and obligations of the partnership, including any partner loans, any remaining assets of the partnership will be 128
distributed to us and the limited partners with positive capital accounts in accordance with their respective positive capital account balances. ALLOCATIONS Profits and losses of the partnership, including depreciation and amortization deductions, for each fiscal year generally are allocated to us and the limited partners in accordance with the respective percentage interests in the partnership. All of the foregoing allocations are subject to compliance with the provisions of Sections 704(b) and 704(c) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder. The operating partnership expects to use the "traditional method" under Section 704(c) of the Code for allocating items with respect to contributed property acquired in connection with the offering for which the fair market value differs from the adjusted tax basis at the time of contribution. TERM The operating partnership will have perpetual existence, or until sooner dissolved upon: - our bankruptcy, dissolution, removal or withdrawal, unless the limited partners elect to continue the partnership; - the passage of 90 days after the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all the assets of the partnership; or - an election by us in our capacity as the owner of the sole general partner of the operating partnership. TAX MATTERS Pursuant to the partnership agreement, the general partner is the tax matters partner of the operating partnership. Accordingly, through our ownership of the general partner of the operating partnership, we have authority to handle tax audits and to make tax elections under the Code on behalf of the operating partnership. 129
UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS This section summarizes the current material federal income tax consequences to our company and to our stockholders generally resulting from the treatment of our company as a REIT. Because this section is a general summary, it does not address all of the potential tax issues that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances. Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, P.C., or Baker Donelson, has acted as our counsel, has reviewed this summary, and is of the opinion that the discussion contained herein fairly summarizes the federal income tax consequences that are material to a holder of shares of our common stock. The discussion does not address all aspects of taxation that may be relevant to particular stockholders in light of their personal investment or tax circumstances, or to certain types of stockholders that are subject to special treatment under the federal income tax laws, such as insurance companies, tax-exempt organizations (except to the limited extent discussed in "-- Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders"), financial institutions or broker-dealers, and non-United States individuals and foreign corporations (except to the limited extent discussed in "-- Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders"). The statements in this section and the opinion of Baker Donelson, referred to as the Tax Opinion, are based on the current federal income tax laws governing qualification as a REIT. We cannot assure you that new laws, interpretations of law or court decisions, any of which may take effect retroactively, will not cause any statement in this section to be inaccurate. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS, and no assurance can be given that the IRS will not challenge the conclusions set forth in those opinions. This section is not a substitute for careful tax planning. We urge you to consult your own tax advisors regarding the specific federal state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to you, in light of your own particular circumstances, of the purchase, ownership and disposition of shares of our common stock, our election to be taxed as a REIT and the effect of potential changes in applicable tax laws. TAXATION OF OUR COMPANY We were previously taxed as a subchapter S corporation. We revoked our subchapter S election on April 6, 2004 and we will elect to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code, commencing with our taxable year that began on April 6, 2004 and ended on December 31, 2004. Our counsel has opined that, for federal income tax purposes, we are and have been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification to be taxed as a REIT under the Code commencing with our initial short taxable year ended December 31, 2004, and that our current and proposed method of operations as described in this prospectus and as represented to our counsel by us satisfies currently, and will enable us to continue to satisfy in the future, the requirements for such qualification and taxation as a REIT under the Code for future taxable years. This opinion, however, is based upon factual assumptions and representations made by us. We believe that our proposed future method of operation will enable us to qualify as a REIT. However, no assurances can be given that our beliefs or expectations will be fulfilled, as such qualification and taxation as a REIT depend upon our ability to meet, for each taxable year, various tests imposed under the Code as discussed below. Those qualification tests involve the percentage of income that we earn from specified sources, the percentage of our assets that falls within specified categories, the diversity of our stock ownership, and the percentage of our earnings that we distribute. Baker Donelson will not review our compliance with those tests on a continuing basis. Accordingly, with respect to our current and future taxable years, no assurance can be given that the actual results of our operation will satisfy such requirements. For a discussion of the tax consequences of our failure to qualify as a REIT. See "-- Failure to Qualify." The sections of the Code relating to qualification and operation as a REIT, and the federal income taxation of a REIT and its stockholders, are highly technical and complex. The following discussion sets forth only the material aspects of those sections. This summary is qualified in its entirety by the applicable Code provisions and the related rules and regulations. 130
If we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax on the taxable income that we distribute to our stockholders. The benefit of that tax treatment is that it avoids the "double taxation," or taxation at both the corporate and stockholder levels, that generally results from owning stock in a corporation. However, we will be subject to federal tax in the following circumstances: - We are subject to the corporate federal income tax on taxable income, including net capital gain, that we do not distribute to stockholders during, or within a specified time period after, the calendar year in which the income is earned. - We are subject to the corporate "alternative minimum tax" on any items of tax preference that we do not distribute or allocate to stockholders. - We are subject to tax, at the highest corporate rate, on: - net income from the sale or other disposition of property acquired through foreclosure ("foreclosure property") that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, and - other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property. - We are subject to a 100% tax on net income from sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. - If we fail to satisfy the 75% gross income test or the 95% gross income test, as described below under "-- Requirements for Qualification -- Gross Income Tests," but nonetheless continue to qualify as a REIT because we meet other requirements, we will be subject to a 100% tax on: - the greater of (i) the amount by which we fail the 75% test, or (ii) the excess of 90% (95% for taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005) of our gross income over the amount of gross income attributable to sources that qualify under the 95% test, multiplied by - a fraction intended to reflect our profitability. - If we fail to distribute during a calendar year at least the sum of: (i) 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year, (ii) 95% of our REIT capital gain net income for the year, and (iii) any undistributed taxable income from earlier periods, then we will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the excess of the required distribution over the amount we actually distributed. - If we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification during a taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2005, other than a gross income test or an asset test, we will be required to pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure. - We may elect to retain and pay income tax on our net long-term capital gain. In that case, a United States stockholder would be taxed on its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain (to the extent that we make a timely designation of such gain to the stockholder) and would receive a credit or refund for its proportionate share of the tax we paid. - We may be subject to a 100% excise tax on certain transactions with a taxable REIT subsidiary that are not conducted at arm's-length. - If we acquire any asset from a "C corporation" (that is, a corporation generally subject to the full corporate-level tax) in a transaction in which the basis of the asset in our hands is determined by reference to the basis of the asset in the hands of the C corporation, and we recognize gain on the disposition of the asset during the 10 year period beginning on the date that we acquired the asset, then the asset's "built-in" gain will be subject to tax at the highest regular corporate rate. 131
REQUIREMENTS FOR QUALIFICATION To qualify as a REIT, we must elect to be treated as a REIT, and we must meet various (i) organizational requirements, (ii) gross income tests, (iii) asset tests, and (iv) annual distribution requirements. Organizational Requirements. A REIT is a corporation, trust or association that meets each of the following requirements: (1) it is managed by one or more trustees or directors; (2) its beneficial ownership is evidenced by transferable stock, or by transferable certificates of beneficial interest; (3) it would be taxable as a domestic corporation, but for its election to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code; (4) it is neither a financial institution nor an insurance company subject to special provisions of the federal income tax laws; (5) at least 100 persons are beneficial owners of its stock or ownership certificates (determined without reference to any rules of attribution); (6) not more than 50% in value of its outstanding stock or ownership certificates is owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals, which the federal income tax laws define to include certain entities, during the last half of any taxable year; and (7) it elects to be a REIT, or has made such election for a previous taxable year, and satisfies all relevant filing and other administrative requirements established by the IRS that must be met to elect and maintain REIT status. We must meet requirements one through four during our entire taxable year and must meet requirement five during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months, or during a proportionate part of a taxable year of less than 12 months. If we comply with all the requirements for ascertaining information concerning the ownership of our outstanding stock in a taxable year and have no reason to know that we violated requirement six, we will be deemed to have satisfied requirement six for that taxable year. We do not have to satisfy requirements five and six for our taxable year ending December 31, 2004. After the issuance of common stock pursuant to our April 2004 private placement we had issued common stock with enough diversity of ownership to satisfy requirements five and six as set forth above. Our charter provides for restrictions regarding the ownership and transfer of our shares of common stock so that we should continue to satisfy these requirements. The provisions of our charter restricting the ownership and transfer of our shares of common stock are described in "Description of Capital Stock -- Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer." For purposes of determining stock ownership under requirement six, an "individual" generally includes a supplemental unemployment compensation benefits plan, a private foundation, or a portion of a trust permanently set aside or used exclusively for charitable purposes. An "individual," however, generally does not include a trust that is a qualified employee pension or profit sharing trust under the federal income tax laws, and beneficiaries of such a trust will be treated as holding our shares in proportion to their actuarial interests in the trust for purposes of requirement six. A corporation that is a "qualified REIT subsidiary," or QRS, is not treated as a corporation separate from its parent REIT. All assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit of a QRS are treated as assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit of the REIT. A QRS is a corporation, all of the capital stock of which is owned by the REIT. Thus, in applying the requirements described herein, any QRS that we own will be ignored, and all assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit of such subsidiary will be treated as our assets, liabilities, and items of income, deduction and credit. 132
An unincorporated domestic entity, such as a partnership, that has a single owner, generally is not treated as an entity separate from its parent for federal income tax purposes. An unincorporated domestic entity with two or more owners is generally treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. In the case of a REIT that is a partner in a partnership that has other partners, the REIT is treated as owning its proportionate share of the assets of the partnership and as earning its allocable share of the gross income of the partnership for purposes of the applicable REIT qualification tests. Thus, our proportionate share of the assets, liabilities and items of income of our operating partnership and any other partnership, joint venture, or limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes in which we acquire an interest, directly or indirectly, is treated as our assets and gross income for purposes of applying the various REIT qualification requirements. A REIT is permitted to own up to 100% of the stock of one or more "taxable REIT subsidiaries." A taxable REIT subsidiary is a fully taxable corporation that may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. The subsidiary and the REIT must jointly file an election with the IRS to treat the subsidiary as a taxable REIT subsidiary. A taxable REIT subsidiary will pay income tax at regular corporate rates on any income that it earns. In addition, the taxable REIT subsidiary rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a taxable REIT subsidiary to its parent REIT to assure that the taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. Further, the rules impose a 100% excise tax on certain types of transactions between a taxable REIT subsidiary and its parent REIT or the REIT's tenants that are not conducted on an arm's-length basis. We may engage in activities indirectly through a taxable REIT subsidiary as necessary or convenient to avoid obtaining the benefit of income or services that would jeopardize our REIT status if we engaged in the activities directly. In particular, we would likely engage in activities through a taxable REIT subsidiary if we wished to provide services to unrelated parties which might produce income that does not qualify under the gross income tests described below. We might also dispose of an unwanted asset through a taxable REIT subsidiary as necessary or convenient to avoid the 100% tax on income from prohibited transactions. See description below under "Prohibited Transactions." A taxable REIT subsidiary may not operate or manage a healthcare facility. For purposes of this definition a "healthcare facility" means a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients and which is operated by a service provider which is eligible for participation in the Medicare program under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act with respect to such facility. We have formed and made a taxable REIT subsidiary election with respect to MPT Development Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation formed in January 2004. We may form or acquire one or more additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. See "Federal Income Tax Considerations -- Income Taxation of the Partnerships and the Partners -- Taxable REIT Subsidiaries." Gross Income Tests. We must satisfy two gross income tests annually to maintain our qualification as a REIT. First, at least 75% of our gross income for each taxable year must consist of defined types of income that we derive, directly or indirectly, from investments relating to real property or mortgages on real property or qualified temporary investment income. Qualifying income for purposes of that 75% gross income test generally includes: - rents from real property; - interest on debt secured by mortgages on real property, or on interests in real property; - dividends or other distributions on, and gain from the sale of, shares in other REITs; - gain from the sale of real estate assets; - income derived from the temporary investment of new capital that is attributable to the issuance of our shares of common stock or a public offering of our debt with a maturity date of at least five years and that we receive during the one year period beginning on the date on which we received such new capital; and - gross income from foreclosure property. 133
Second, in general, at least 95% of our gross income for each taxable year must consist of income that is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, other types of interest and dividends, gain from the sale or disposition of stock or securities, income from certain hedging instruments or any combination of these. Gross income from our sale of property that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business is excluded from both the numerator and the denominator in both income tests. In addition, for taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005, income and gain from "hedging transactions" that we enter into to hedge indebtedness incurred or to be incurred to acquire or carry real estate assets and that are clearly and timely identified as such also will be excluded from both the numerator and the denominator for purposes of the 95% gross income test (but not the 75% gross income test). The following paragraphs discuss the specific application of the gross income tests to us. Rents from Real Property. Rent that we receive from our real property will qualify as "rents from real property," which is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% and 95% gross income tests, only if the following conditions are met. First, the rent must not be based in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. Participating rent, however, will qualify as "rents from real property" if it is based on percentages of receipts or sales and the percentages: - are fixed at the time the leases are entered into; - are not renegotiated during the term of the leases in a manner that has the effect of basing rent on income or profits; and - conform with normal business practice. More generally, the rent will not qualify as "rents from real property" if, considering the relevant lease and all the surrounding circumstances, the arrangement does not conform with normal business practice, but is in reality used as a means of basing the rent on income or profits. We have represented to Baker Donelson that we intend to set and accept rents which are fixed dollar amounts or a fixed percentage of gross revenue, and not determined to any extent by reference to any person's income or profits, in compliance with the rules above. Second, we must not own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the stock or the assets or net profits of any tenant, referred to as a related party tenant, other than a taxable REIT subsidiary. Failure to adhere to this limitation would cause the rental income from the related party tenant to not be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. The constructive ownership rules generally provide that, if 10% or more in value of our stock is owned, directly or indirectly, by or for any person, we are considered as owning the stock owned, directly or indirectly, by or for such person. We do not own any stock or any assets or net profits of any tenant directly. In addition, our charter prohibits transfers of our shares that would cause us to own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant. We should not own, actually or constructively, 10% or more of any tenant other than a taxable REIT subsidiary. We have represented to counsel that we will not rent any facility to a related-party tenant. However, because the constructive ownership rules are broad and it is not possible to monitor continually direct and indirect transfers of our shares, no absolute assurance can be given that such transfers or other events of which we have no knowledge will not cause us to own constructively 10% or more of a tenant other than a taxable REIT subsidiary at some future date. MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, has made loans to Vibra Healthcare, LLC, the parent entity of our tenants, in an aggregate amount of approximately $41.4 million to acquire the operations at certain facilities. MPT Development Services, Inc. also made a loan of approximately $6.2 million to Vibra and its subsidiaries for working capital purposes which was repaid in February 2005. We believe that the loans to Vibra will be treated as debt rather than equity interests in Vibra, and that our rental income from Vibra will be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. However, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not take a contrary position. If the IRS were to successfully treat the loans to Vibra as equity interests in Vibra, Vibra would be a related party tenant with respect to our company, the rent that we receive from Vibra would not be qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross 134
income tests, and we could lose our REIT status. However, as stated above, we believe that the loans to Vibra will be treated as debt rather than equity interests in Vibra. As described above, we currently own 100% of the stock of MPT Development Services, Inc., a taxable REIT subsidiary, and may in the future own up to 100% of the stock of one or more additional taxable REIT subsidiaries. Under an exception to the related-party tenant rule described in the preceding paragraph, rent that we receive from a taxable REIT subsidiary will qualify as "rents from real property" as long as (i) the taxable REIT subsidiary is a qualifying taxable REIT subsidiary (among other things, it does not operate or manage a healthcare facility), (ii) at least 90% of the leased space in the facility is leased to persons other than taxable REIT subsidiaries and related party tenants, and (iii) the amount paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary to rent space at the facility is substantially comparable to rents paid by other tenants of the facility for comparable space. If in the future we receive rent from a taxable REIT subsidiary, we will seek to comply with this exception. Third, the rent attributable to the personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property must not be greater than 15% of the total rent received under the lease. The rent attributable to personal property under a lease is the amount that bears the same ratio to total rent under the lease for the taxable year as the average of the fair market values of the leased personal property at the beginning and at the end of the taxable year bears to the average of the aggregate fair market values of both the real and personal property covered by the lease at the beginning and at the end of such taxable year (the "personal property ratio"). With respect to each of our leases, we believe that the personal property ratio generally will be less than 15%. Where that is not, or may in the future not be, the case, we believe that any income attributable to personal property will not jeopardize our ability to qualify as a REIT. There can be no assurance, however, that the IRS would not challenge our calculation of a personal property ratio, or that a court would not uphold such assertion. If such a challenge were successfully asserted, we could fail to satisfy the 75% or 95% gross income test and thus lose our REIT status. Fourth, we cannot furnish or render noncustomary services to the tenants of our facilities, or manage or operate our facilities, other than through an independent contractor who is adequately compensated and from whom we do not derive or receive any income. However, we need not provide services through an "independent contractor," but instead may provide services directly to our tenants, if the services are "usually or customarily rendered" in connection with the rental of space for occupancy only and are not considered to be provided for the tenants' convenience. In addition, we may provide a minimal amount of "noncustomary" services to the tenants of a facility, other than through an independent contractor, as long as our income from the services does not exceed 1% of our income from the related facility. Finally, we may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries, which may provide noncustomary services to our tenants without tainting our rents from the related facilities. We do not intend to perform any services other than customary ones for our tenants, other than services provided through independent contractors or taxable REIT subsidiaries. We have represented to Baker Donelson that we will not perform noncustomary services which would jeopardize our REIT status. Finally, in order for the rent payable under the leases of our properties to constitute "rents from real property," the leases must be respected as true leases for federal income tax purposes and not treated as service contracts, joint ventures, financing arrangements, or another type of arrangement. We generally treat our leases with respect to our properties as true leases for federal income tax purposes. We believe that our lease of the Desert Valley Facility is a true lease; however, because of the nature of the lessee's purchase option thereunder, there can be no assurance that the IRS would not consider this lease a financing arrangement instead of a true lease for federal income tax purposes. In that case, our income from the lease of the Desert Valley Facility would be interest income rather than rent and would be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test to the extent that our "loan" does not exceed the fair market value of the real estate assets associated with the Desert Valley Facility. All of the interest income from our loan would be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test. We believe that the characterization of the Desert Valley Facility lease as a financing arrangement would not adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT. 135
If a portion of the rent we receive from a facility does not qualify as "rents from real property" because the rent attributable to personal property exceeds 15% of the total rent for a taxable year, the portion of the rent attributable to personal property will not be qualifying income for purposes of either the 75% or 95% gross income test. If rent attributable to personal property, plus any other income that is nonqualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, during a taxable year exceeds 5% of our gross income during the year, we would lose our REIT status. By contrast, in the following circumstances, none of the rent from a lease of a facility would qualify as "rents from real property": (i) the rent is considered based on the income or profits of the tenant; (ii) the tenant is a related party tenant or fails to qualify for the exception to the related-party tenant rule for qualifying taxable REIT subsidiaries; or (iii) we furnish more than a de minimis amount of noncustomary services to the tenants of the facility, or manage or operate the facility, other than through a qualifying independent contractor or a taxable REIT subsidiary. In any of these circumstances, we could lose our REIT status because we would be unable to satisfy either the 75% or 95% gross income test. Tenants may be required to pay, besides base rent, reimbursements for certain amounts we are obligated to pay to third parties (such as a tenant's proportionate share of a facility's operational or capital expenses), penalties for nonpayment or late payment of rent or additions to rent. These and other similar payments should qualify as "rents from real property." Interest. The term "interest" generally does not include any amount received or accrued, directly or indirectly, if the determination of the amount depends in whole or in part on the income or profits of any person. However, an amount received or accrued generally will not be excluded from the term "interest" solely because it is based on a fixed percentage or percentages of receipts or sales. Furthermore, to the extent that interest from a loan that is based upon the residual cash proceeds from the sale of the property securing the loan constitutes a "shared appreciation provision," income attributable to such participation feature will be treated as gain from the sale of the secured property. Prohibited Transactions. A REIT will incur a 100% tax on the net income derived from any sale or other disposition of property, other than foreclosure property, that the REIT holds primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business. We believe that none of our assets will be held primarily for sale to customers and that a sale of any of our assets will not be in the ordinary course of our business. Whether a REIT holds an asset "primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business" depends, however, on the facts and circumstances in effect from time to time, including those related to a particular asset. Nevertheless, we will attempt to comply with the terms of safe-harbor provisions in the federal income tax laws prescribing when an asset sale will not be characterized as a prohibited transaction. We cannot assure you, however, that we can comply with the safe-harbor provisions or that we will avoid owning property that may be characterized as property that we hold "primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of a trade or business." We may form or acquire a taxable REIT subsidiary to hold and dispose of those facilities we conclude may not fall within the safe-harbor provisions. Foreclosure Property. We will be subject to tax at the maximum corporate rate on any income from foreclosure property, other than income that otherwise would be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test, less expenses directly connected with the production of that income. However, gross income from foreclosure property will qualify under the 75% and 95% gross income tests. Foreclosure property is any real property, including interests in real property, and any personal property incident to such real property acquired by a REIT as the result of the REIT's having bid on the property at foreclosure, or having otherwise reduced such property to ownership or possession by agreement or process of law after actual or imminent default on a lease of the property or on indebtedness secured by the property, or a "Repossession Action." Property acquired by a Repossession Action will not be considered "foreclosure property" if (i) the REIT held or acquired the property subject to a lease or securing indebtedness for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or (ii) the lease or loan was acquired or entered into with intent to take Repossession Action or in circumstances where the REIT had reason to know a default would occur. The determination of such intent or reason to know must be based on all 136
relevant facts and circumstances. In no case will property be considered "foreclosure property" unless the REIT makes a proper election to treat the property as foreclosure property. Foreclosure property includes any qualified healthcare property acquired by a REIT as a result of a termination of a lease of such property (other than a termination by reason of a default, or the imminence of a default, on the lease). A "qualified healthcare property" means any real property, including interests in real property, and any personal property incident to such real property which is a healthcare facility or is necessary or incidental to the use of a healthcare facility. For this purpose, a healthcare facility means a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients and which, immediately before the termination, expiration, default, or breach of the lease secured by such facility, was operated by a provider of such services which was eligible for participation in the Medicare program under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act with respect to such facility. However, a REIT will not be considered to have foreclosed on a property where the REIT takes control of the property as a mortgagee-in-possession and cannot receive any profit or sustain any loss except as a creditor of the mortgagor. Property generally ceases to be foreclosure property at the end of the third taxable year following the taxable year in which the REIT acquired the property (or, in the case of a qualified healthcare property which becomes foreclosure property because it is acquired by a REIT as a result of the termination of a lease of such property, at the end of the second taxable year following the taxable year in which the REIT acquired such property) or longer if an extension is granted by the Secretary of the Treasury. This period (as extended, if applicable) terminates, and foreclosure property ceases to be foreclosure property on the first day: - on which a lease is entered into for the property that, by its terms, will give rise to income that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test, or any amount is received or accrued, directly or indirectly, pursuant to a lease entered into on or after such day that will give rise to income that does not qualify for purposes of the 75% gross income test; - on which any construction takes place on the property, other than completion of a building or any other improvement, where more than 10% of the construction was completed before default became imminent; or - which is more than 90 days after the day on which the REIT acquired the property and the property is used in a trade or business which is conducted by the REIT, other than through an independent contractor from whom the REIT itself does not derive or receive any income. For this purpose, in the case of a qualified healthcare property, income derived or received from an independent contractor will be disregarded to the extent such income is attributable to (i) a lease of property in effect on the date the REIT acquired the qualified healthcare property (without regard to its renewal after such date so long as such renewal is pursuant to the terms of such lease as in effect on such date) or (ii) any lease of property entered into after such date if, on such date, a lease of such property from the REIT was in effect and, under the terms of the new lease, the REIT receives a substantially similar or lesser benefit in comparison to the prior lease. Hedging Transactions. From time to time, we may enter into hedging transactions with respect to one or more of our assets or liabilities. Our hedging activities may include entering into interest rate swaps, caps, and floors, options to purchase such items, and futures and forward contracts. For taxable years beginning prior to January 1, 2005, any periodic income or gain from the disposition of any financial instrument for these or similar transactions to hedge indebtedness we incur to acquire or carry "real estate assets" should be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test, but not the 75% gross income test. For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005, income and gain from "hedging transactions" will be excluded from gross income for purposes of the 95% gross income test (but not the 75% gross income test). For those taxable years, a "hedging transaction" will mean any transaction entered into in the normal course of our trade or business primarily to manage the risk of interest rate or price changes, or currency fluctuations with respect to borrowings made or to be made, or ordinary obligations incurred or to be incurred, to acquire or carry real estate assets. We will be required to clearly identify any 137
such hedging transaction before the close of the day on which it was acquired, originated, or entered into. Since the financial markets continually introduce new and innovative instruments related to risk-sharing or trading, it is not entirely clear which such instruments will generate income which will be considered qualifying income for purposes of the gross income tests. We intend to structure any hedging or similar transactions so as not to jeopardize our status as a REIT. Failure to Satisfy Gross Income Tests. If we fail to satisfy one or both of the gross income tests for our 2004 taxable year, we nevertheless may qualify as a REIT for that year if we qualify for relief under certain provisions of the federal income tax laws. Those relief provisions generally will be available if: - our failure to meet these tests is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect; - we attach a schedule of the sources of our income to our tax return; and - any incorrect information on the schedule is not due to fraud with intent to evade tax. For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005, those relief provisions will be available if: - our failure to meet those tests is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, and - following our identification of such failure for any taxable year, a schedule of the sources of our income is filed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. We cannot with certainty predict whether any failure to meet these tests will qualify for the relief provisions. As discussed above in "-- Taxation of Our Company," even if the relief provisions apply, we would incur a 100% tax on the gross income attributable to the greater of the amounts by which we fail the 75% and 95% gross income tests, multiplied by a fraction intended to reflect our profitability. Asset Tests. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we also must satisfy the following asset tests at the end of each quarter of each taxable year. First, at least 75% of the value of our total assets must consist of: - cash or cash items, including certain receivables; - government securities; - real estate assets, which includes interest in real property, leaseholds, options to acquire real property or leaseholds, interests in mortgages on real property and shares (or transferable certificates of beneficial interest) in other REITs; - stock in other REITs; and - investments in stock or debt instruments attributable to the temporary investment (i.e., for a period not exceeding 12 months) of new capital that we raise through equity offerings or offerings of debt with at least a five year term. With respect to investments not included in the 75% asset class, we may not hold securities of any one issuer (other than a taxable REIT subsidiary) that exceed 5% of the value of our total assets; nor may we hold securities of any one issuer (other than a taxable REIT subsidiary) that represent more than 10% of the voting power of all outstanding voting securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the value of all outstanding securities of such issuer. In addition, we may not hold securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries that represent in the aggregate more than 20% of the value of our total assets, irrespective of whether such securities may also be included in the 75% asset class (e.g., a mortgage loan issued to a taxable REIT subsidiary). Furthermore, no more than 25% of our total assets may be represented by securities that are not included in the 75% asset class, but this requirement will necessarily be satisfied if the 75% asset class requirement is satisfied. For purposes of the 5% and 10% asset tests, the term "securities" does not include stock in another REIT, equity or debt securities of a qualified REIT subsidiary or taxable REIT subsidiary, mortgage loans 138
that constitute real estate assets, or equity interests in a partnership. The term "securities," however, generally includes debt securities issued by a partnership or another REIT, except that for purposes of the 10% value test, the term "securities" does not include: - "Straight debt," defined as a written unconditional promise to pay on demand or on a specified date a sum certain in money if (i) the debt is not convertible, directly or indirectly, into stock, and (ii) the interest rate and interest payment dates are not contingent on profits, the borrower's discretion, or similar factors. "Straight debt" securities do not include any securities issued by a partnership or a corporation in which we or any controlled TRS (i.e., a TRS in which we own directly or indirectly more than 50% of the voting power or value of the stock) holds non-"straight debt" securities that have an aggregate value of more than 1% of the issuer's outstanding securities. However, "straight debt" securities include debt subject to the following contingencies: - a contingency relating to the time of payment of interest or principal, as long as either (i) there is no change to the effective yield of the debt obligation, other than a change to the annual yield that does not exceed the greater of 0.25% or 5% of the annual yield, or (ii) neither the aggregate issue price nor the aggregate face amount of the issuer's debt obligations held by us exceeds $1 million and no more than 12 months of unaccrued interest on the debt obligations can be required to be prepaid; and - a contingency relating to the time or amount of payment upon a default or prepayment of a debt obligation, as long as the contingency is consistent with customary commercial practice; - Any loan to an individual or an estate; - Any "section 467 rental agreement," other than an agreement with a related party tenant; - Any obligation to pay "rents from real property"; - Any security issued by a state or any political subdivision thereof, the District of Columbia, a foreign government of any political subdivision thereof, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, but only if the determination of any payment thereunder does not depend in whole or in part on the profits of any entity not described in this paragraph or payments on any obligation issued by an entity not described in this paragraph; - Any security issued by a REIT; - Any debt instrument of an entity treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes to the extent of our interest as a partner in the partnership; - Any debt instrument of an entity treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes not described in the preceding bullet points if at least 75% of the partnership's gross income, excluding income from prohibited transaction, is qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test described above in "-- Requirements for Qualification -- Income Tests." For purposes of the 10% value test, our proportionate share of the assets of a partnership is our proportionate interest in any securities issued by the partnership, without regard to securities described in the last two bullet points above. In connection with the acquisition of the facilities in our current portfolio, MPT Development Services, Inc., our taxable REIT subsidiary, has made loans to Vibra Healthcare, LLC, the parent entity of our tenants, in an aggregate amount of approximately $41.4 million to acquire the operations at those facilities. MPT Development Services, Inc. also made a loan of approximately $6.2 million to Vibra and its subsidiaries for working capital purposes which was repaid in February 2005. Those loans bear interest at an annual rate of 10.25%. Our operating partnership loaned the funds to MPT Development Services, Inc. to make these loans. The loans from our operating partnership to MPT Development Services, Inc. bear interest at an annual rate of 9.25%. 139
Baker Donelson is of the opinion that the loans to Vibra will be treated as debt rather than equity interests in Vibra, and that our rental income from Vibra will be treated as qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. However, there can be no assurance that the IRS will not take a contrary position. If the IRS were to successfully treat the loans to Vibra as equity interests in Vibra, Vibra would be a "related party tenant" with respect to our company and the rent that we receive from Vibra would not be qualifying income for purposes of the REIT gross income tests. As a result, we could lose our REIT status. In addition, if the IRS were to successfully treat the loans to Vibra as interests held by our operating partnership rather than by MPT Development Services, Inc. and to treat the loans as other than straight debt, we would fail the 10% asset test with respect to such interests and, as a result, could lose our REIT status. Baker Donelson is of the opinion that the loans to Vibra will be treated as straight debt for federal income tax purposes. We will monitor the status of our assets for purposes of the various asset tests and will manage our portfolio in order to comply at all times with such tests. If we fail to satisfy the asset tests at the end of a calendar quarter, we will not lose our REIT status if: - we satisfied the asset tests at the end of the preceding calendar quarter; and - the discrepancy between the value of our assets and the asset test requirements arose from changes in the market values of our assets and was not wholly or partly caused by the acquisition of one or more non-qualifying assets. If we did not satisfy the condition described in the second item, above, we still could avoid disqualification by eliminating any discrepancy within 30 days after the close of the calendar quarter in which it arose. In the event that, at the end of any calendar quarter in a taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2005, we violate the 5% or 10% test described above, we will not lose our REIT status if (1) the failure is de minimis (up to the lesser of 1% of our assets or $10 million) and (2) we dispose of assets or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last day of the quarter in which we identified the failure of the asset test. In the event of a more than de minimis failure of the 5% or 10% tests, or a failure of the other assets test, at the end of any calendar quarter in a taxable year beginning on or after January 1, 2005, as long as the failure was due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect, we will not lose our REIT status if we (1) dispose of assets or otherwise comply with the asset tests within six months after the last day of the quarter in which we identified the failure of the asset test and (2) pay a tax equal to the greater of $50,000 or 35% of the net income from the nonqualifying assets during the period in which we failed to satisfy the asset tests. Distribution Requirements. Each taxable year, we must distribute dividends, other than capital gain dividends and deemed distributions of retained capital gain, to our stockholders in an aggregate amount not less than: - the sum of: - 90% of our "REIT taxable income," computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction or our net capital gain or loss, and - 90% of our after-tax net income, if any, from foreclosure property, - minus - the sum of certain items of non-cash income. We must pay such distributions in the taxable year to which they relate, or in the following taxable year if we declare the distribution before we timely file our federal income tax return for the year and pay the distribution on or before the first regular dividend payment date after such declaration. We will pay federal income tax on taxable income, including net capital gain, that we do not distribute to stockholders. In addition, we will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the excess of a 140
specified required distribution over amounts we actually distribute if we distribute an amount less than the required distribution during a calendar year, or by the end of January following the calendar year in the case of distributions with declaration and record dates falling in the last three months of the calendar year. The required distribution must not be less than the sum of: - 85% of our REIT ordinary income for the year; - 95% of our REIT capital gain income for the year; and - any undistributed taxable income from prior periods. We may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term capital gain we receive in a taxable year. See " -- Taxation of Taxable United States Stockholders." If we so elect, we will be treated as having distributed any such retained amount for purposes of the 4% excise tax described above. We intend to make timely distributions sufficient to satisfy the annual distribution requirements and to avoid corporate income tax and the 4% excise tax. It is possible that, from time to time, we may experience timing differences between the actual receipt of income and actual payment of deductible expenses and the inclusion of that income and deduction of such expenses in arriving at our REIT taxable income. For example, we may not deduct recognized capital losses from our "REIT taxable income." Further, it is possible that, from time to time, we may be allocated a share of net capital gain attributable to the sale of depreciated property that exceeds our allocable share of cash attributable to that sale. As a result of the foregoing, we may have less cash than is necessary to distribute all of our taxable income and thereby avoid corporate income tax and the excise tax imposed on certain undistributed income. In such a situation, we may need to borrow funds or issue additional shares of common or preferred stock. Under certain circumstances, we may be able to correct a failure to meet the distribution requirement for a year by paying "deficiency dividends" to our stockholders in a later year. We may include such deficiency dividends in our deduction for dividends paid for the earlier year. Although we may be able to avoid income tax on amounts distributed as deficiency dividends, we will be required to pay interest based upon the amount of any deduction we take for deficiency dividends. Recordkeeping Requirements. We must maintain certain records in order to qualify as a REIT. In addition, to avoid paying a penalty, we must request on an annual basis information from our stockholders designed to disclose the actual ownership of our shares of outstanding capital stock. We intend to comply with these requirements. Failure to Qualify. If we failed to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year and no relief provision applied, we would have the following consequences. We would be subject to federal income tax and any applicable alternative minimum tax at rates applicable to regular C corporations on our taxable income, determined without reduction for amounts distributed to stockholders. We would not be required to make any distributions to stockholders, and any distributions to stockholders would be taxable as ordinary income to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits. Corporate stockholders could be eligible for a dividends-received deduction if certain conditions are satisfied. Unless we qualified for relief under specific statutory provisions, we would not be permitted to elect taxation as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which we ceased to qualify as a REIT. For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005, if we fail to satisfy one or more requirements for REIT qualification, other than the gross income tests and the asset tests, we could avoid disqualification if the failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect and we pay a penalty of $50,000 for each such failure. In addition, there are relief provisions for a failure of the gross income tests and asset tests, as described above in "-- Income Tests" and "-- Asset Tests." Taxation of Taxable United States Stockholders. As long as we qualify as a REIT, a taxable "United States stockholder" will be required to take into account as ordinary income distributions made out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits that we do not designate as capital gain dividends or retained long-term capital gain. A United States stockholder will not qualify for the dividends-received 141
deduction generally available to corporations. The term "United States stockholder" means a holder of shares of common stock that, for United States federal income tax purposes, is: - a citizen or resident of the United States; - a corporation or partnership (including an entity treated as a corporation or partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) created or organized under the laws of the United States or of a political subdivision of the United States; - an estate whose income is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or - any trust if (i) a United States court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) it has a valid election in place to be treated as a United States person. Distributions paid to a United States stockholder generally will not qualify for the new 15% tax rate for "qualified dividend income." The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 reduced the maximum tax rate for qualified dividend income from 38.6% to 15% for tax years through 2008. Without future congressional action, the maximum tax rate on qualified dividend income will move to 35% in 2009 and 39.6% in 2011. Qualified dividend income generally includes dividends paid by domestic C corporations and certain qualified foreign corporations to most United States noncorporate stockholders. Because we are not generally subject to federal income tax on the portion of our REIT taxable income distributed to our stockholders, our dividends generally will not be eligible for the new 15% rate on qualified dividend income. As a result, our ordinary REIT dividends will continue to be taxed at the higher tax rate applicable to ordinary income. Currently, the highest marginal individual income tax rate on ordinary income is 35%. However, the 15% tax rate for qualified dividend income will apply to our ordinary REIT dividends, if any, that are (i) attributable to dividends received by us from non-REIT corporations, such as our taxable REIT subsidiary, and (ii) attributable to income upon which we have paid corporate income tax (e.g., to the extent that we distribute less than 100% of our taxable income). In general, to qualify for the reduced tax rate on qualified dividend income, a stockholder must hold our common stock for more than 60 days during the 120-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which our common stock becomes ex-dividend. Distributions to a United States stockholder which we designate as capital gain dividends will generally be treated as long-term capital gain, without regard to the period for which the United States stockholder has held its common stock. We generally will designate our capital gain dividends as either 15%, 20% or 25% rate distributions. A corporate United States stockholder, however, may be required to treat up to 20% of certain capital gain dividends as ordinary income. We may elect to retain and pay income tax on the net long-term capital gain that we receive in a taxable year. In that case, a United States stockholder would be taxed on its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain. The United States stockholder would receive a credit or refund for its proportionate share of the tax we paid. The United States stockholder would increase the basis in its shares of common stock by the amount of its proportionate share of our undistributed long-term capital gain, minus its share of the tax we paid. A United States stockholder will not incur tax on a distribution in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits if the distribution does not exceed the adjusted basis of the United States stockholder's shares. Instead, the distribution will reduce the adjusted basis of the shares, and any amount in excess of both our current and accumulated earnings and profits and the adjusted basis will be treated as capital gain, long-term if the shares have been held for more than one year, provided the shares are a capital asset in the hands of the United States stockholder. In addition, any distribution we declare in October, November, or December of any year that is payable to a United States stockholder of record on a specified date in any of those months will be treated as paid by us and received by the United States stockholder on December 31 of the year, provided we actually pay the distribution during January of the following calendar year. 142
Stockholders may not include in their individual income tax returns any of our net operating losses or capital losses. Instead, these losses are generally carried over by us for potential offset against our future income. Taxable distributions from us and gain from the disposition of shares of common stock will not be treated as passive activity income; stockholders generally will not be able to apply any "passive activity losses," such as losses from certain types of limited partnerships in which the stockholder is a limited partner, against such income. In addition, taxable distributions from us and gain from the disposition of common stock generally will be treated as investment income for purposes of the investment interest limitations. We will notify stockholders after the close of our taxable year as to the portions of the distributions attributable to that year that constitute ordinary income, return of capital, and capital gain. Taxation of United States Stockholders on the Disposition of Shares of Common Stock. In general, a United States stockholder who is not a dealer in securities must treat any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of our shares of common stock as long-term capital gain or loss if the United States stockholder has held the stocks for more than one year, and otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, a United States stockholder must treat any loss upon a sale or exchange of common stock held for six months or less as a long-term capital loss to the extent of capital gain dividends and any other actual or deemed distributions from us which the United States stockholder treats as long-term capital gain. All or a portion of any loss that a United States stockholder realizes upon a taxable disposition of common stock may be disallowed if the United States stockholder purchases other shares of our common stock within 30 days before or after the disposition. Capital Gains and Losses. The tax-rate differential between capital gain and ordinary income for non-corporate taxpayers may be significant. A taxpayer generally must hold a capital asset for more than one year for gain or loss derived from its sale or exchange to be treated as long-term capital gain or loss. The highest marginal individual income tax rate is currently 35%. The maximum tax rate on long-term capital gain applicable to individuals is 15% for sales and exchanges of assets held for more than one year and occurring on or after May 6, 2003 through December 31, 2008. The maximum tax rate on long-term capital gain from the sale or exchange of "section 1250 property" (i.e., generally, depreciable real property) is 25% to the extent the gain would have been treated as ordinary income if the property were "section 1245 property" (i.e., generally, depreciable personal property). We generally may designate whether a distribution we designate as capital gain dividends (and any retained capital gain that we are deemed to distribute) is taxable to non-corporate stockholders at a 15% or 25% rate. The characterization of income as capital gain or ordinary income may affect the deductibility of capital losses. A non-corporate taxpayer may deduct capital losses not offset by capital gains against its ordinary income only up to a maximum of $3,000 annually. A non-corporate taxpayer may carry unused capital losses forward indefinitely. A corporate taxpayer must pay tax on its net capital gain at corporate ordinary-income rates. A corporate taxpayer may deduct capital losses only to the extent of capital gains, with unused losses carried back three years and forward five years. Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding. We will report to our stockholders and to the IRS the amount of distributions we pay during each calendar year and the amount of tax we withhold, if any. A stockholder may be subject to backup withholding at a rate of up to 28% with respect to distributions unless the holder: - is a corporation or comes within certain other exempt categories and when required, demonstrates this fact; or - provides a taxpayer identification number, certifies as to no loss of exemption from backup withholding, and otherwise complies with the applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. A stockholder who does not provide us with its correct taxpayer identification number also may be subject to penalties imposed by the IRS. Any amount paid as backup withholding will be creditable against the stockholder's income tax liability. In addition, we may be required to withhold a portion of capital gain distributions to any stockholders who fail to certify their non-foreign status to us. For a 143
discussion of the backup withholding rules as applied to non-United States stockholders, see "Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders." Taxation of Tax-Exempt Stockholders. Tax-exempt entities, including qualified employee pension and profit sharing trusts and individual retirement accounts, referred to as pension trusts, generally are exempt from federal income taxation. However, they are subject to taxation on their "unrelated business taxable income." While many investments in real estate generate unrelated business taxable income, the IRS has issued a ruling that dividend distributions from a REIT to an exempt employee pension trust do not constitute unrelated business taxable income so long as the exempt employee pension trust does not otherwise use the shares of the REIT in an unrelated trade or business of the pension trust. Based on that ruling, amounts we distribute to tax-exempt stockholders generally should not constitute unrelated business taxable income. However, if a tax-exempt stockholder were to finance its acquisition of common stock with debt, a portion of the income it received from us would constitute unrelated business taxable income pursuant to the "debt-financed property" rules. Furthermore, social clubs, voluntary employee benefit associations, supplemental unemployment benefit trusts and qualified group legal services plans that are exempt from taxation under special provisions of the federal income tax laws are subject to different unrelated business taxable income rules, which generally will require them to characterize distributions they receive from us as unrelated business taxable income. Finally, in certain circumstances, a qualified employee pension or profit-sharing trust that owns more than 10% of our shares of common stock must treat a percentage of the dividends it receives from us as unrelated business taxable income. The percentage is equal to the gross income we derive from an unrelated trade or business, determined as if we were a pension trust, divided by our total gross income for the year in which we pay the dividends. This rule applies to a pension trust holding more than 10% of our shares only if: - the percentage of our dividends which the tax-exempt trust must treat as unrelated business taxable income is at least 5%; - we qualify as a REIT by reason of the modification of the rule requiring that no more than 50% of our shares of common stock be owned by five or fewer individuals, which modification allows the beneficiaries of the pension trust to be treated as holding shares in proportion to their actual interests in the pension trust; and - either of the following applies: - one pension trust owns more than 25% of the value of our shares of common stock; or - a group of pension trusts individually holding more than 10% of the value of our shares of common stock collectively owns more than 50% of the value of our shares of common stock. Taxation of Non-United States Stockholders. The rules governing United States federal income taxation of nonresident alien individuals, foreign corporations, foreign partnerships, and other foreign stockholders are complex. This section is only a summary of such rules. We urge non-United States stockholders to consult their own tax advisors to determine the impact of federal, state, and local income tax laws on ownership of shares of common stock, including any reporting requirements. A non-United States stockholder that receives a distribution which (i) is not attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of "United States real property interests" (defined below) and (ii) we do not designate a capital gain dividend (or retained capital gain) will recognize ordinary income to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits. A withholding tax equal to 30% of the gross amount of the distribution ordinarily will apply unless an applicable tax treaty reduces or eliminates the tax. However, a non-United States stockholder generally will be subject to federal income tax at graduated rates on any distribution treated as effectively connected with the non-United States stockholder's conduct of a United States trade or business, in the same manner as United States stockholders are taxed on distributions. A corporate non-United States stockholder may, in addition, be subject to the 30% branch profits tax. We 144
plan to withhold United States income tax at the rate of 30% on the gross amount of any distribution paid to a non-United States stockholder unless: - a lower treaty rate applies and the non-United States stockholder files an IRS Form W-8BEN evidencing eligibility for that reduced rate with us; or - the non-United States stockholder files an IRS Form W-8ECI with us claiming that the distribution is effectively connected income. A non-United States stockholder will not incur tax on a distribution in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits if the excess portion of the distribution does not exceed the adjusted basis of the stockholder's shares of common stock. Instead, the excess portion of the distribution will reduce the adjusted basis of the shares. A non-United States stockholder will be subject to tax on a distribution that exceeds both our current and accumulated earnings and profits and the adjusted basis of its shares, if the non-United States stockholder otherwise would be subject to tax on gain from the sale or disposition of shares of common stock, as described below. Because we generally cannot determine at the time we make a distribution whether or not the distribution will exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, we normally will withhold tax on the entire amount of any distribution at the same rate as we would withhold on a dividend. However, a non-United States stockholder may obtain a refund of amounts we withhold if we later determine that a distribution in fact exceeded our current and accumulated earnings and profits. We must withhold 10% of any distribution that exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits. We will, therefore, withhold at a rate of 10% on any portion of a distribution not subject to withholding at a rate of 30%. For any year in which we qualify as a REIT, a non-United States stockholder will incur tax on distributions attributable to gain from our sale or exchange of "United States real property interests" under the "FIRPTA" provisions of the Code. The term "United States real property interests" includes interests in real property and stocks in corporations at least 50% of whose assets consist of interests in real property. Under the FIRPTA rules, a non-United States stockholder is taxed on distributions attributable to gain from sales of United States real property interests as if the gain were effectively connected with the conduct of a United States business of the non-United States stockholder. A non-United States stockholder thus would be taxed on such a distribution at the normal capital gain rates applicable to United States stockholders, subject to applicable alternative minimum tax and a special alternative minimum tax in the case of a nonresident alien individual. A non-United States corporate stockholder not entitled to treaty relief or exemption also may be subject to the 30% branch profits tax on such a distribution. We must withhold 35% of any distribution that we could designate as a capital gain dividend. A non-United States stockholder may receive a credit against our tax liability for the amount we withhold. For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2005, for non-U.S. stockholders of our publicly-traded shares, capital gain distributions that are attributable to our sale of real property will not be subject to FIRPTA and therefore will be treated as ordinary dividends rather than as gain from the sale of a United States real property interest, as long as the non-U.S. stockholder did not own more than 5% of the class of our stock on which the distributions are made during the taxable year. As a result, non-U.S. stockholders generally would be subject to withholding tax on such capital gain distributions in the same manner as they are subject to withholding tax on ordinary dividends. A non-United States stockholder generally will not incur tax under FIRPTA with respect to gain on a sale of shares of common stock as long as, at all times, non-United States persons hold, directly or indirectly, less than 50% in value of the outstanding common stock. We cannot assure you that this test will be met. In addition, a non-United States stockholder that owned, actually or constructively, 5% or less of the outstanding common stock at all times during a specified testing period will not incur tax under FIRPTA on gain from a sale of common stock if the stock is "regularly traded" on an established securities market. Any gain subject to tax under FIRPTA will be treated in the same manner as it would 145
be in the hands of United States stockholders subject to alternative minimum tax, but under a special alternative minimum tax in the case of nonresident alien individuals. A non-United States stockholder generally will incur tax on gain from the sale of common stock not subject to FIRPTA if: - the gain is effectively connected with the conduct of the non-United States stockholder's United States trade or business, in which case the non-United States stockholder will be subject to the same treatment as United States stockholders with respect to the gain; or - the non-United States stockholder is a nonresident alien individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and has a "tax home" in the United States, in which case the non-United States stockholder will incur a 30% tax on capital gains. OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES Tax Aspects of Our Investments in the Operating Partnership. The following discussion summarizes certain federal income tax considerations applicable to our direct or indirect investment in our operating partnership and any subsidiary partnerships or limited liability companies we form or acquire, each individually referred to as a Partnership and, collectively, as Partnerships. The following discussion does not cover state or local tax laws or any federal tax laws other than income tax laws. Classification as Partnerships. We are entitled to include in our income our distributive share of each Partnership's income and to deduct our distributive share of each Partnership's losses only if such Partnership is classified for federal income tax purposes as a partnership (or an entity that is disregarded for federal income tax purposes if the entity has only one owner or member), rather than as a corporation or an association taxable as a corporation. An organization with at least two owners or members will be classified as a partnership, rather than as a corporation, for federal income tax purposes if it: - is treated as a partnership under the Treasury regulations relating to entity classification (the "check-the-box regulations"); and - is not a "publicly traded" partnership. Under the check-the-box regulations, an unincorporated entity with at least two owners or members may elect to be classified either as an association taxable as a corporation or as a partnership. If such an entity does not make an election, it generally will be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. We intend that each Partnership will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes (or else a disregarded entity where there are not at least two separate beneficial owners). A publicly traded partnership is a partnership whose interests are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market (or a substantial equivalent). A publicly traded partnership is generally treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, but will not be so treated for any taxable year for which at least 90% of the partnership's gross income consists of specified passive income, including real property rents, gains from the sale or other disposition of real property, interest, and dividends (the "90% passive income exception"). Treasury regulations, referred to as PTP regulations, provide limited safe harbors from treatment as a publicly traded partnership. Pursuant to one of those safe harbors, or private placement exclusion, interests in a partnership will not be treated as readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof if (i) all interests in the partnership were issued in a transaction or transactions that were not required to be registered under the Securities Act, and (ii) the partnership does not have more than 100 partners at any time during the partnership's taxable year. For the determination of the number of partners in a partnership, a person owning an interest in a partnership, grantor trust, or S corporation that owns an interest in the partnership is treated as a partner in the partnership only if (i) substantially all of the value of the owner's interest in the entity is attributable to the entity's direct or indirect interest in the partnership and (ii) a principal purpose of the use of the entity is to permit the partnership to satisfy the 100-partner limitation. Each Partnership should qualify for the private placement exclusion. 146
We have not requested, and do not intend to request, a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service that the Partnerships will be classified as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. If for any reason a Partnership were taxable as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for federal income tax purposes, we likely would not be able to qualify as a REIT. See "-- Requirements for Qualification -- Income Tests" and " -- Requirements for Qualification -- Asset Tests." In addition, any change in a Partnership's status for tax purposes might be treated as a taxable event, in which case we might incur tax liability without any related cash distribution. See "-- Requirements for Qualification -- Distribution Requirements." Further, items of income and deduction of such Partnership would not pass through to its partners, and its partners would be treated as stockholders for tax purposes. Consequently, such Partnership would be required to pay income tax at corporate rates on its net income, and distributions to its partners would constitute dividends that would not be deductible in computing such Partnership's taxable income. INCOME TAXATION OF THE PARTNERSHIPS AND THEIR PARTNERS Partners, Not the Partnerships, Subject to Tax. A partnership is not a taxable entity for federal income tax purposes. We will therefore take into account our allocable share of each Partnership's income, gains, losses, deductions, and credits for each taxable year of the Partnership ending with or within our taxable year, even if we receive no distribution from the Partnership for that year or a distribution less than our share of taxable income. Similarly, even if we receive a distribution, it may not be taxable if the distribution does not exceed our adjusted tax basis in our interest in the Partnership. Partnership Allocations. Although a partnership agreement generally will determine the allocation of income and losses among partners, allocations will be disregarded for tax purposes if they do not comply with the provisions of the federal income tax laws governing partnership allocations. If an allocation is not recognized for federal income tax purposes, the item subject to the allocation will be reallocated in accordance with the partners' interests in the partnership, which will be determined by taking into account all of the facts and circumstances relating to the economic arrangement of the partners with respect to such item. Each Partnership's allocations of taxable income, gain, and loss are intended to comply with the requirements of the federal income tax laws governing partnership allocations. Tax Allocations With Respect to Contributed Properties. Income, gain, loss, and deduction attributable to appreciated or depreciated property that is contributed to a partnership in exchange for an interest in the partnership must be allocated in a manner such that the contributing partner is charged with, or benefits from, respectively, the unrealized gain or unrealized loss associated with the property at the time of the contribution. Similar rules apply with respect to property revalued on the books of a partnership. The amount of such unrealized gain or unrealized loss, referred to as built-in gain or built-in loss, is generally equal to the difference between the fair market value of the contributed or revalued property at the time of contribution or revaluation and the adjusted tax basis of such property at that time, referred to as a book-tax difference. Such allocations are solely for federal income tax purposes and do not affect the book capital accounts or other economic or legal arrangements among the partners. The United States Treasury Department has issued regulations requiring partnerships to use a "reasonable method" for allocating items with respect to which there is a book-tax difference and outlining several reasonable allocation methods. Our operating partnership generally intends to use the traditional method for allocating items with respect to which there is a book-tax difference. Basis in Partnership Interest. Our adjusted tax basis in any partnership interest we own generally will be: - the amount of cash and the basis of any other property we contribute to the partnership; - increased by our allocable share of the partnership's income (including tax-exempt income) and our allocable share of indebtedness of the partnership; and - reduced, but not below zero, by our allocable share of the partnership's loss, the amount of cash and the basis of property distributed to us, and constructive distributions resulting from a reduction in our share of indebtedness of the partnership. 147
Loss allocated to us in excess of our basis in a partnership interest will not be taken into account until we again have basis sufficient to absorb the loss. A reduction of our share of partnership indebtedness will be treated as a constructive cash distribution to us, and will reduce our adjusted tax basis. Distributions, including constructive distributions, in excess of the basis of our partnership interest will constitute taxable income to us. Such distributions and constructive distributions normally will be characterized as long-term capital gain. Depreciation Deductions Available to Partnerships. The initial tax basis of property is the amount of cash and the basis of property given as consideration for the property. A partnership in which we are a partner generally will depreciate property for federal income tax purposes under the modified accelerated cost recovery system of depreciation, referred to as MACRS. Under MACRS, the partnership generally will depreciate furnishings and equipment over a seven year recovery period using a 200% declining balance method and a half-year convention. If, however, the partnership places more than 40% of its furnishings and equipment in service during the last three months of a taxable year, a mid-quarter depreciation convention must be used for the furnishings and equipment placed in service during that year. Under MACRS, the partnership generally will depreciate buildings and improvements over a 39 year recovery period using a straight line method and a mid-month convention. The operating partnership's initial basis in properties acquired in exchange for units of the operating partnership should be the same as the transferor's basis in such properties on the date of acquisition by the partnership. Although the law is not entirely clear, the partnership generally will depreciate such property for federal income tax purposes over the same remaining useful lives and under the same methods used by the transferors. The partnership's tax depreciation deductions will be allocated among the partners in accordance with their respective interests in the partnership, except to the extent that the partnership is required under the federal income tax laws governing partnership allocations to use a method for allocating tax depreciation deductions attributable to contributed or revalued properties that results in our receiving a disproportionate share of such deductions. Under recently enacted legislation, a first-year bonus depreciation of 50% may be available for certain tenant improvements. In addition, certain qualified leasehold improvement property placed in service before January 1, 2006 will be depreciated over a 15-year recovery period using a straight method and a half-year convention. Sale of a Partnership's Property. Generally, any gain realized by a Partnership on the sale of property held for more than one year will be long-term capital gain, except for any portion of the gain treated as depreciation or cost recovery recapture. Any gain or loss recognized by a Partnership on the disposition of contributed or revalued properties will be allocated first to the partners who contributed the properties or who were partners at the time of revaluation, to the extent of their built-in gain or loss on those properties for federal income tax purposes. The partners' built-in gain or loss on contributed or revalued properties is the difference between the partners' proportionate share of the book value of those properties and the partners' tax basis allocable to those properties at the time of the contribution or revaluation. Any remaining gain or loss recognized by the Partnership on the disposition of contributed or revalued properties, and any gain or loss recognized by the Partnership on the disposition of other properties, will be allocated among the partners in accordance with their percentage interests in the Partnership. Our share of any Partnership gain from the sale of inventory or other property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of the Partnership's trade or business will be treated as income from a prohibited transaction subject to a 100% tax. Income from a prohibited transaction may have an adverse effect on our ability to satisfy the gross income tests for REIT status. See "-- Requirements for Qualification -- Income Tests." We do not presently intend to acquire or hold, or to allow any Partnership to acquire or hold, any property that is likely to be treated as inventory or property held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of our, or the Partnership's, trade or business. Taxable REIT Subsidiaries. As described above, we have formed and have made a timely election to treat MPT Development Services, Inc. as a taxable REIT subsidiary and may form or acquire 148
additional taxable REIT subsidiaries in the future. A taxable REIT subsidiary may provide services to our tenants and engage in activities unrelated to our tenants, such as third-party management, development, and other independent business activities. We and any corporate subsidiary in which we own stock must make an election for the subsidiary to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. If a taxable REIT subsidiary directly or indirectly owns shares of a corporation with more than 35% of the value or voting power of all outstanding shares of the corporation, the corporation will automatically also be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary. Overall, no more than 20% of the value of our assets may consist of securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries, irrespective of whether such securities may also qualify under the 75% assets test, and no more than 25% of the value of our assets may consist of the securities that are not qualifying assets under the 75% test, including, among other things, certain securities of a taxable REIT subsidiary, such as stock or non-mortgage debt. Rent we receive from our taxable REIT subsidiaries will qualify as "rents from real property" as long as at least 90% of the leased space in the property is leased to persons other than taxable REIT subsidiaries and related party tenants, and the amount paid by the taxable REIT subsidiary to rent space at the property is substantially comparable to rents paid by other tenants of the property for comparable space. The taxable REIT subsidiary rules limit the deductibility of interest paid or accrued by a taxable REIT subsidiary to us to assure that the taxable REIT subsidiary is subject to an appropriate level of corporate taxation. Further, the rules impose a 100% excise tax on certain types of transactions between a taxable REIT subsidiary and us or our tenants that are not conducted on an arm's-length basis. A taxable REIT subsidiary may not directly or indirectly operate or manage a healthcare facility. For purposes of this definition a "healthcare facility" means a hospital, nursing facility, assisted living facility, congregate care facility, qualified continuing care facility, or other licensed facility which extends medical or nursing or ancillary services to patients and which is operated by a service provider which is eligible for participation in the Medicare program under Title XVIII of the Social Security Act with respect to such facility. State and Local Taxes. We and our stockholders may be subject to taxation by various states and localities, including those in which we or a stockholder transacts business, owns property or resides. The state and local tax treatment may differ from the federal income tax treatment described above. Consequently, stockholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of state and local tax laws upon an investment in our common stock. 149
UNDERWRITING Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. is acting as representative of the underwriters of this offering. Subject to the terms and conditions in the underwriting agreement entered into in connection with the sale of our common stock described in this prospectus, the underwriters named below have severally agreed to purchase the number of shares of common stock set forth opposite their respective names.
The following table summarizes the underwriting compensation to be paid to the underwriters by us and the selling stockholders. These amounts assume both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option to purchase additional shares.
We and the selling stockholders have also agreed to indemnify the underwriters against various liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities. We have applied to list our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange upon the completion of this offering under the symbol "MPW." In connection with the listing of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange, the underwriters will undertake to sell round lots of 100 shares or more to a minimum of 2,000 beneficial owners. Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, other than limited trading on the Portal Market. The initial public offering price has been determined through negotiations between the underwriters and us. Among the factors considered in such determination were: - prevailing market conditions; - dividend yields and financial characteristics of publicly traded REITs that we and the underwriters believe to be comparable to us; - the present state of our financial and business operations; - our management; - estimates of our business and earnings potential; and - the prospects for the industry in which we operate. Each of our executive officers and directors has agreed, subject to specified exceptions, not to: - offer, sell, agree to offer or sell, solicit offers to purchase, grant any call option or purchase any put option with respect to, pledge, borrow or otherwise dispose of any shares of common stock, any of our or our subsidiaries' other equity securities or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock or any such equity securities; or - establish or increase any "put equivalent position" or liquidate or decrease any "call equivalent position" or otherwise enter into any swap, derivative or other transaction or arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences associated with the ownership of any shares of our common stock or of our or our subsidiaries' other equity securities (regardless of whether any of these transactions are to be settled by the delivery of common stock, other securities, cash or otherwise) for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus without the prior written consent of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. This restriction terminates after the close of trading of the common stock on and including the 180th day after the date of this prospectus. However, Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. may, in its sole discretion and at any time or from time to time before the termination of the 180-day period, without notice, release all or any portion of the securities subject to lock-up agreements. There are no other existing agreements between the underwriters and any officer or director who has executed a lock-up agreement providing consent to the sale of shares prior to the expiration of the lock-up period. In addition, we have agreed that, for 180 days after the date of this prospectus, we will not, without the prior written consent of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc., issue, sell, contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of, any shares of common stock, any options or warrants to purchase any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into, exercisable for or exchangeable for shares of common stock other than our sale of shares in this offering, the issuance of options or shares of common stock upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants, the issuance of options or shares of common stock under existing stock option and incentive plans, or the issuance of common stock or other securities convertible into common stock issued in connection with the acquisition of properties. We also have agreed that we will not consent to the disposition of any shares held by officers or directors subject to lock-up agreements prior to the expiration of their respective lock-up periods unless pursuant to an exception to those agreements or with the consent of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. The lockup provisions do not 152
prohibit us from filing a resale registration statement to register the shares issued in our April 2004 private placement. Our stockholders other than our executive officers and directors may not sell or otherwise dispose of any of the shares of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock that they have acquired prior to the date of this prospectus and are not selling in this offering until 60 days after the date of this prospectus, subject to limited exceptions. In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our common stock, including: - short sales; - syndicate covering transactions; - imposition of penalty bids; and - purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock while this offering is in progress. Stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of our common stock, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than they are required to purchase in this offering, and purchasing common stock from us or in the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be "covered" shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters' over-allotment option referred to above, or may be "naked" shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over-allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase shares pursuant to the over-allotment option. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, they will purchase shares in the open market to cover the position. The representative also may impose a penalty bid on underwriters and selling group members. This means that if the representative purchases shares in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the representative can require the underwriters or selling group members that sold those shares as part of this offering to repay underwriting discount or the selling concession received by them. As a result of these activities, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the New York Stock Exchange, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. The underwriters do not expect sales to accounts over which they exercise discretionary authority to exceed 5% of the total number of shares of common stock offered by this prospectus. At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to % of the common stock being offered by this prospectus for sale to our directors, employees, business associates and related persons at the public offering price. The sales will be made by Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. through a directed share program. We do not know if these persons will choose to purchase all or any portion of these reserved shares, but any purchases they do make will reduce the number of shares available to the general public. These persons must commit to purchase no later than the close of business on the day following the date of this prospectus. Any directors, employees or other persons purchasing such reserved shares will be prohibited from disposing of or hedging such shares for a period of at least 180 days after the date of this 153
prospectus. The common stock issued in connection with the directed share program will be issued as part of the underwritten public offering. LEGAL MATTERS The validity of the common stock and certain tax matters, including REIT qualification and debt characterization, will be passed upon for us by Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, P.C. The summary of legal matters contained in the section of this prospectus under the heading "United States Federal Income Tax Considerations" is based on the opinion of Baker Donelson. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Hunton & Williams LLP. EXPERTS Our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying financial statement schedule as of December 31, 2004, and 2003, and for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the period from inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003, included herein, have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein. The consolidated financial statements of Vibra as of December 31, 2004 and for the period from inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004 included herein have been audited by Parente Randolph, LLC, independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein. The independent registered public accounting firms have not examined, compiled or otherwise applied procedures to any financial forecast, projection or anticipated results presented herein and, accordingly, do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on such. WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form S-11, including exhibits, schedules and amendments filed with, or incorporated by reference in, this registration statement, under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of our common stock to be sold in this offering. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and exhibits and schedules to the registration statement. For further information with respect to our company and the shares of our common stock to be sold in this offering, reference is made to the registration statement, including the exhibits to the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to in, or incorporated by reference in, this prospectus are not necessarily complete and, where that contract is an exhibit to the registration statement, each statement is qualified in all respects by the exhibit to which the reference relates. Copies of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules to the registration statement, may be examined without charge at the public reference room of the Securities and Exchange Commission, 450 Fifth Street, N.W. Room 1024, Washington, DC 20549. Information about the operation of the public reference room may be obtained by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0300. Copies of all or a portion of the registration statement can be obtained from the public reference room of the Securities and Exchange Commission upon payment of prescribed fees. Our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including our registration statement, are also available to you on the Securities and Exchange Commission's website, www.sec.gov. As a result of this offering, we will become subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act, and will file periodic reports, proxy statements and will make available to our stockholders annual reports containing audited financial information for each year, and quarterly reports for the first three quarters of each fiscal year containing unaudited interim financial information. 154
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION The following unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information sets forth: - the historical financial information derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the three months ended March 31, 2005 as adjusted to: - give effect to acquisition of our facilities acquired and leased to Vibra and Desert Valley as if we owned them from the inception of each period presented; - give effect to our loans made to Vibra; - give effect to our probable acquisition properties; - give effect to this offering and application of the net proceeds; and - our pro forma, as adjusted unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2005, and the pro forma, as adjusted, unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2004, to give effect to our initial portfolio, our probable acquisition properties and this offering. This section contains forward-looking statements, which are projections of future performance and the assumptions upon which the forward-looking statements are based. Our actual results could differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements as a result of various risks, including those set forth in "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the information below along with all other financial information and analysis presented in this prospectus, including the sections captioned "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and our historical financial statements and related notes. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information is presented for informational purposes only. We do not expect that this information will reflect our future results of operations or financial position. The unaudited pro forma adjustments and eliminations are based on available information and upon assumptions that we believe are reasonable. The unaudited pro forma financial information assumes that the above described transactions were completed as of December 31, 2004, for purposes of the unaudited pro forma consolidated balance sheets and as of the first day of the period presented for purposes of the unaudited pro forma consolidated statements of operations. F-2
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Balance Sheet March 31, 2005
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Operations For the Year Ended December 31, 2004
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ADJUSTMENTS FOR UNAUDITED PRO FORMA BALANCE SHEET AS OF MARCH 31, 2005 (1) Record the distribution declared and accrued in March, 2005, and paid in April, 2005.
ADJUSTMENTS FOR UNAUDITED PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005: (5) Completed Acquisition: Records three months of rent income for the Desert Valley -- Victorville facility as though we owned it from January 1, 2005, to March 31, 2005. This facility was acquired on February 28, 2005. Rent income is based on the straight-line rent (as required by SFAS No. 13) in the lease agreements between the Company and the lessee. Pro forma rent income for the Desert Valley -- Victorville for the three months ended March 31, 2005 consists of the following:
forma balance sheet because the Company plans to exercise its purchase option within one year from the date of this offering.)
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ADJUSTMENTS FOR UNAUDITED PRO FORMA STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004: (7) Completed Acquisition: Records year of rent income for the six Vibra initial property purchases as though we owned them from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2004. Rent income is based on the monthly straight-line rent (as required by SFAS No. 13) for each property. Rent income from the Vibra properties is as follows:
Depreciation of buildings (straight line using a 40 year life) and amortization of intangible lease assets (straight line using a fifteen year life) for the year ended December 31, 2004 as though the properties were acquired on January 1, 2004.
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Operations For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 and March 31, 2004 (Unaudited)
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2005 and March 31, 2004 (Unaudited)
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 AND 2004 (UNAUDITED) 1. ORGANIZATION Medical Properties Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company), was formed on August 27, 2003 under the General Corporation Law of Maryland for the purpose of engaging in the business of investing in and owning commercial real estate. The Company's operating partnership subsidiary, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. (the Operating Partnership), was formed in September 2003. Through another wholly owned subsidiary, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, the Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. The Company presently owns directly all of the limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership. The Company succeeded to the business of Medical Properties Trust, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed in December 2002. On the day of formation, the Company issued 1,630,435 shares of common stock, and the membership interests of Medical Properties Trust, LLC were transferred to the Company. Medical Properties Trust, LLC had no assets, but had incurred liabilities for costs and expenses related to acquisition due diligence, a planned offering of common stock, consulting fees and office overhead in an aggregate amount of approximately $423,000, which was assumed by the Operating Partnership and has been included in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The Company's primary business strategy is to acquire and develop real estate and improvements, primarily for long term lease to providers of healthcare services such as operators of inpatient physical rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, surgery centers, centers for treatment of specific conditions such as cardiac, pulmonary, cancer, and neurological hospitals, and other healthcare-oriented facilities. The Company considers this to be a single business segment as defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. On April 6, 2004, the Company completed the sale of 25.6 million shares of common stock in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers and accredited investors. The Company received $233.5 million after deducting offering costs. The proceeds are being used to purchase properties, to pay debt and accrued expenses and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a Form S-11 registration statement for an Initial Public Offering (IPO) of common stock. The Company has not determined the number of shares nor price per share to be offered in the IPO. The size of the offering will be determined based on the volume of purchase commitments which the Company has entered into at the time the registration statement becomes effective with the SEC. 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation: Property holding entities and other subsidiaries of which the Company owns 100% of the equity or has a controlling financial interest evidenced by ownership of a majority voting interest are consolidated. All inter-company balances and transactions are eliminated. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% of the equity interest, the Company consolidates the property if it has the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entities' activities based upon the terms of the respective entities' ownership agreements. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% and F-15
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 AND 2004 -- (CONTINUED) does not have the direct or indirect ability to make decisions but does exert significant influence over the entities' activities, the Company records its ownership in the entity using the equity method of accounting. The Company periodically evaluates all of its transactions and investments to determine if they represent variable interests in a variable interest entity as defined by FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised December 2003) (FIN 46-R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements. If the Company determines that it has a variable interest in a variable interest entity, the Company determines if it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity. The Company consolidates each variable interest entity in which the Company, by virtue of its transactions with or investments in the entity, is considered to be the primary beneficiary. The Company re-evaluates its status as primary beneficiary when a variable interest entity or potential variable interest entity has a material change in its variable interests. Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements: The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2005, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2005. 3. REAL ESTATE AND LENDING ACTIVITIES On February 9, 2005, Vibra paid $7.8 million of principal and interest on its transaction fee and working capital loans from the Company. The payments left a $41.4 million loan payable to the Company by Vibra. The Company has no commitments to make additional loans to Vibra. In February, 2005, the Company purchased a general acute care hospital for $28 million. The purchase price was paid from loan proceeds and from the proceeds of the Company's private placement. Upon closing the purchase of the hospital, the Company and the seller entered into a fifteen year lease of the hospital back to the seller, with renewal options for three additional five year terms. The Company has recorded the following assets from this transaction:
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005 AND 2004 -- (CONTINUED) 4. LONG-TERM DEBT In December 2004, the Company received $56 million as part of a $75 million, three year term loan. In February 2005, the Company received the remaining $19 million on this loan. All other terms and conditions of the loan remain unchanged. Maturities of long-term debt at March 31, 2005, for each successive twelve month period are as follows:
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders Medical Properties Trust, Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Medical Properties Trust, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the period from inception (August 27, 2003) to December 31, 2003. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the accompanying financial statement Schedule III. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Medical Properties Trust, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2004 and for the period from inception (August 27, 2003) to December 31, 2003 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. /s/ KPMG LLP Birmingham, Alabama March 16, 2005 F-18
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Operations Period from Inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003 and the Year Ended December 31, 2004
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Period from Inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003 and the Year Ended December 31, 2004
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) Period from Inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003 and the Year Ended December 31, 2004
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 1. ORGANIZATION Medical Properties Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the Company), was formed on August 27, 2003 under the General Corporation Law of Maryland for the purpose of engaging in the business of investing in and owning commercial real estate. The Company's operating partnership subsidiary, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. (the Operating Partnership), was formed in September 2003. Through another wholly owned subsidiary, Medical Properties Trust, LLC, the Company is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. The Company presently owns directly all of the limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership. The Company succeeded to the business of Medical Properties Trust, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, which was formed in December 2002. On the day of formation, the Company issued 1,630,435 shares of common stock, and the membership interests of Medical Properties Trust, LLC were transferred to the Company. Medical Properties Trust, LLC had no assets, but had incurred liabilities for costs and expenses related to acquisition due diligence, a planned offering of common stock, consulting fees and office overhead in an aggregate amount of approximately $423,000, which was assumed by the Operating Partnership and has been included in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The Company's primary business strategy is to acquire and develop real estate and improvements, primarily for long term lease to providers of healthcare services such as operators of inpatient physical rehabilitation hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, surgery centers, centers for treatment of specific conditions such as cardiac, pulmonary, cancer, and neurological hospitals, and other healthcare-oriented facilities. The Company considers this to be a single business segment as defined in Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. On April 6, 2004, the Company completed the sale of 25.6 million shares of common stock in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers and accredited investors. The Company received $233.5 million after deducting offering costs. The proceeds are being used to purchase properties, to pay debt and accrued expenses and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) a Form S-11 registration statement for an Initial Public Offering (IPO) of common stock. The Company has not determined the number of shares nor price per share to be offered in the IPO. 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation: Property holding entities and other subsidiaries of which the Company owns 100% of the equity or has a controlling financial interest evidenced by ownership of a majority voting interest are consolidated. All inter-company balances and transactions are eliminated. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% of the equity interest, the Company consolidates the property if it has the direct or indirect ability to make decisions about the entities' activities based upon the terms of the respective entities' ownership agreements. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% and does not have the direct or indirect ability to make decisions but does exert significant influence over the entities' activities, the Company records its ownership in the entity using the equity method of accounting. F-23
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) The Company periodically evaluates all of its transactions and investments to determine if they represent variable interests in a variable interest entity as defined by FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised December 2003) (FIN 46-R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, Consolidated Financial Statements. If the Company determines that it has a variable interest in a variable interest entity, the Company determines if it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity. The Company consolidates each variable interest entity in which the Company, by virtue of its transactions with or investments in the entity, is considered to be the primary beneficiary. The Company re-evaluates its status as primary beneficiary when a variable interest entity or potential variable interest entity has a material change in its variable interests. Cash and Cash Equivalents: Certificates of deposit and short-term investments with remaining maturities of three months or less when acquired and money-market mutual funds are considered cash equivalents. Deferred Costs: Costs incurred prior to the completion of offerings of stock or other capital instruments that directly relate to the offering are deferred and netted against proceeds received from the offering. Costs incurred in connection with anticipated financings and refinancing of debt are capitalized as deferred financing costs in other assets and amortized over the lives of the related loans as an addition to interest expense to produce a constant effective yield on the loan (interest method). Costs that are specifically identifiable with, and incurred prior to the completion of, probable acquisitions are deferred and capitalized upon closing. The Company begins deferring costs when the Company and the seller have executed a letter of intent (LOI), commitment letter or similar document for the purchase of the property by the Company. Deferred acquisition costs are expensed when management determines that the acquisition is no longer probable. Leasing commissions and other leasing costs directly attributable to tenant leases are capitalized as deferred leasing costs and amortized on the straight-line method over the terms of the related lease agreements. Costs identifiable with loans made to lessees are recognized as a reduction in interest income over the life of the loan by the interest method. Revenue Recognition: The Company receives income from operating leases based on the fixed, minimum required rents (base rent) and from additional rent based on a percentage of tenant revenues once the tenant's revenue has exceeded an annual threshold (percentage rent). Rent revenue is recorded on the straight-line method over the terms of the related lease agreements for new leases and the remaining terms of existing leases for acquired properties. The straight-line method records the periodic average amount of rent earned over the term of a lease, taking into account contractual rent increases over the lease term. The straight-line method has the effect of recording more rent revenue from a lease than a tenant is required to pay during the first half of the lease term. During the last half of a lease term, this effect reverses with less rent revenue recorded than a tenant is required to pay. Rent revenue as recorded on the straight-line method in the consolidated statement of operations is shown as two amounts. Billed rent revenue is the amount of rent actually billed to the customer each period as required by the lease. Unbilled rent revenue is the difference between rent revenue earned based on the straight-line method and the amount recorded as billed rent revenue. These differences between rental revenues earned and amounts due per the respective lease agreements are charged, as applicable, to unbilled rent receivable. Percentage rents are recognized in the period in which revenue thresholds are met. Rental payments received prior to their recognition as income are classified as rent received in advance. Fees received from development and leasing services for lessees are initially recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as income over the initial term of an operating lease to produce a constant effective yield on the lease (interest method). Fees from lending services are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized as income over the life of the loan using the interest method. F-24
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) Acquired Real Estate Purchase Price Allocation: The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired based on their fair values in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. In making estimates of fair values for purposes of allocating purchase prices, the Company utilizes a number of sources, including independent appraisals that may be obtained in connection with the acquisition or financing of the respective property and other market data. The Company also considers information obtained about each property as a result of its pre-acquisition due diligence, marketing and leasing activities in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company records above-market and below-market in-place lease values, if any, for its facilities which are based on the present value (using an interest rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to the in-place leases and (ii) management's estimate of fair market lease rates for the corresponding in-place leases, measured over a period equal to the remaining non-cancelable term of the lease. The Company amortizes any resulting capitalized above-market lease values as a reduction of rental income over the remaining non-cancelable terms of the respective leases. The Company amortizes any resulting capitalized below-market lease values as an increase to rental income over the initial term and any fixed-rate renewal periods in the respective leases. Because the Company's strategy largely involves the origination of long term lease arrangements at market rates, management does not expect the above-market and below-market in-place lease values to be significant for many anticipated transactions. The Company measures the aggregate value of other intangible assets to be acquired based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued as if vacant. Management's estimates of value are expected to be made using methods similar to those used by independent appraisers (e.g., discounted cash flow analysis). Factors considered by management in its analysis include an estimate of carrying costs during hypothetical expected lease-up periods considering current market conditions, and costs to execute similar leases. Management also considers information obtained about each targeted facility as a result of pre-acquisition due diligence, marketing and leasing activities in estimating the fair value of the tangible and intangible assets acquired. In estimating carrying costs, management also includes real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses and estimates of lost rentals at market rates during the expected lease-up periods, which are expected to range primarily from three to eighteen months, depending on specific local market conditions. Management also estimates costs to execute similar leases including leasing commissions, legal and other related expenses to the extent that such costs are not already incurred in connection with a new lease origination as part of the transaction. The total amount of other intangible assets to be acquired, if any, is further allocated to in-place lease values and customer relationship intangible values based on management's evaluation of the specific characteristics of each prospective tenant's lease and our overall relationship with that tenant. Characteristics to be considered by management in allocating these values include the nature and extent of our existing business relationships with the tenant, growth prospects for developing new business with the tenant, the tenant's credit quality and expectations of lease renewals, including those existing under the terms of the lease agreement, among other factors. The Company amortizes the value of in-place leases, if any, to expense over the initial term of the respective leases, which range primarily from 10 to 15 years. The value of customer relationship intangibles is amortized to expense over the initial term and any renewal periods in the respective leases, but in no event will the amortization period for intangible assets exceed the remaining depreciable life of the F-25
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) building. Should a tenant terminate its lease, the unamortized portion of the in-place lease value and customer relationship intangibles would be charged to expense. Real Estate and Depreciation: Depreciation is calculated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, as follows:
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) amended (the Code). The Company will file its initial tax return as a REIT for the period from April 8, 2004, through December 31, 2004, at which time it must formally make an election to be taxed as a REIT. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet certain organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to currently distribute to shareholders at least 90% of its ordinary taxable income. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax on taxable income that it distributes to its shareholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will then be subject to federal income taxes on its taxable income at regular corporate rates and will not be permitted to qualify for treatment as a REIT for federal income tax purposes for four years following the year during which qualification is lost, unless the Internal Revenue Service grants the Company relief under certain statutory provisions. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company's net income and net cash available for distribution to shareholders. However, the Company believes that it will be organized and operate in such a manner as to qualify for treatment as a REIT and intends to operate in the foreseeable future in such a manner so that the Company will remain qualified as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. The Company's financial statements include the operations of a taxable REIT subsidiary, MPT Development Services, Inc. (MDS) that is not entitled to a dividends paid deduction and is subject to federal, state and local income taxes. MDS is authorized to provide property development, leasing and management services for third-party owned properties and makes loans to lessees and operators. Stock-Based Compensation: The Company currently sponsors a stock option and restricted stock award plan that was established in 2004. The Company accounts for its stock option plan under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB No. 25) and related interpretations. Under APB No. 25, no expense is recorded for options which are exercisable at the price of the Company's stock at the date the options are granted. Deferred compensation on restricted stock relates to the issuance of restricted stock to employees and directors of the Company. Deferred compensation is amortized to compensation expense based on the passage of time and certain performance criteria. Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The Company has various assets and liabilities that are considered financial instruments. The Company estimates that the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, interest receivable and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates their fair values. The fair value of unbilled rent receivable has been estimated based on expected payment dates and discounted at a rate which the Company considers appropriate for such assets considering their credit quality and maturity. The fair value of loans receivable is estimated based on the present value of future payments, discounted at a rate which the Company considers appropriate for such assets considering their credit quality and maturity. The Company estimates that the carrying value of the Company's long term debt should approximate fair value because the debt is variable rate and adjusts daily with changes in the underlying interest rate index. Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2003 consolidated financial statements to conform to the 2004 consolidated financial statement presentation. These reclassifications have no impact on shareholders' equity or net income. New Accounting Pronouncements: The following is a summary of recently issued accounting pronouncements which have been issued but not yet adopted by the Company and which could have a material effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations. In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, which is a revision of SFAS No. 123(R), Accounting for Stock Based F-27
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) Compensation. SFAS No. 123(R) establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. This Statement focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that the fair value of such equity instruments be recognized as expense in the historical financial statements as services are performed. Prior to SFAS No. 123(R), only certain pro-forma disclosures of fair value were required. SFAS No. 123(R) becomes effective for public companies with their first annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005. For non-public companies, the standard becomes effective for their first fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect SFAS No. 123(R) to have a material effect on its financial position or the results of its operations. 3. PROPERTY ACQUISITIONS AND LOANS On July 1, 2004, the Company purchased four rehabilitation facilities at a price of $96.8 million, which were then leased to a new operator of the facilities, Vibra Healthcare, LLC and its operating subsidiaries (collectively, Vibra). The Company also made loans of $33.3 million to Vibra. On August 18, 2004, the Company purchased two additional rehabilitation facilities for $30.6 million, which were then leased to Vibra, and made additional loans to Vibra of $13.8 million. The Company made an additional $2 million loan to Vibra on October 1, 2004. Loans totaling $42.9 million accrue interest at the rate of 10.25% per year and are to be paid over 15 years with interest only for the first three years and the principal balance amortizing over the remaining 12 year period. Loans totaling $6.2 million accrue interest at the rate of 10.25% per year. Vibra will pay fees of $1.5 million to the Company for transacting the leases and loans. The Company has determined that Vibra is a variable interest entity as defined by FIN 46-R. The Company has also determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of Vibra and, therefore, has not consolidated Vibra in the Company's consolidated financial statements. For the year ended December 31, 2004, Vibra has been the only tenant which is required to make payments under operating leases and loans from the Company. The Company recorded intangible lease assets of $5,314,963 representing the estimated value of the Vibra leases which were entered into at the date the Company acquired the facilities. The Company recorded amortization expense of $166,713 and expects to recognize amortization expense of $354,324 in each of the next five years. As security for the loans, each of the Vibra tenants and Vibra have granted the Company a security interest in their respective rights to receive payments, directly or indirectly, for any goods or services provided to any persons or entities; any records or data related to those rights; and all cash and non-cash proceeds resulting from those rights. As additional security, Vibra has pledged to the Company all of its interests in each of the tenants. One individual is the majority owner of Vibra, The Hollinger Group and Vibra Management, LLC. The owner of Vibra has pledged his interest in Vibra to secure the loans. In addition, The Hollinger Group and Vibra Management have guaranteed the loans. The owner of Vibra has also provided a $5 million personal guarantee. 4. LONG-TERM DEBT AND LOAN PAYABLE In 2003, the Company entered into a loan agreement which provided for maximum borrowings of $300,000 if certain conditions were met by the Company. Borrowings under the agreement ($100,000 at December 31, 2003) accrued interest at 20% per annum and were due upon the earlier of (i) the third business day following the funding of the Company's private placement or (ii) March 29, 2004. During the first three months of 2004, the Company increased its borrowings on the loan to $300,000, which was paid F-28
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) in full in April 2004. Contemporaneous with the private placement, the Company issued to the lender a warrant to purchase up to 35,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price per share equal to 93% of the price at which the Company's shares were offered to investors in the private placement. The warrant has been recorded in the consolidated balance sheet using the intrinsic value method as an addition to Additional Paid-in Capital and as additional interest expense at a value of $.70 per warrant ($10.00 per share private placement price less $9.30 exercise price per warrant) or a total of $24,500. The Company considers any differences which would result between the intrinsic method and another fair value method to not be material to the Company's financial position, results of its operations or changes in its cash flows. In December 2004, the Company received $56 million as part of a $75 million, three year term loan. In February 2005, the Company received the remaining $19 million of this loan. The loan requires monthly payments based on a 20 year amortization schedule and interest at the one month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus 300 basis points, which results in an interest rate of 5.42% at December 31, 2004. The loan is secured by the six Vibra facilities, which have a book value of $125.9 million, and requires the Company to meet financial coverage, ratio and total debt covenants typical of such loans. In December 2004, the Company closed a $43 million loan with a bank to finance the construction of the Company's medical office building and community hospital development project in Houston, Texas. The loan carries a construction period term of eighteen months, with the option to convert the loan into a thirty month term loan thereafter with a twenty-five year amortization. The loan requires interest payments only during the initial eighteen month term, and principal and interest payments during the optional thirty month term. The loan is secured by mortgages on the development property. The loan bears interest at a rate of one month LIBOR plus 225 basis points (4.67% at December 31, 2004) during the construction period and one month LIBOR plus 250 basis points (4.92% at December 31, 2004) during the thirty month optional period. The Company has paid a commitment fee of one per-cent for the construction loan with an additional .25% per-cent fee due if the Company exercises the term loan option. Proceeds may be drawn down by periodically presenting to the lender documentation of construction and development costs incurred. The Company has not drawn down any proceeds from this loan as of December 31, 2004. Maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 2004, are as follows:
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) Fixed minimum payments due under operating leases with non-cancellable terms of more than one year at December 31, 2004 are as follows:
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) Options exercisable at December 31, 2004, are as follows:
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) In addition, the Company is funding the acquisition and development costs for a community hospital and adjacent medical office building in Houston, Texas on land that is leased to the operator/tenant. During the development and construction period, the tenant is charged rent (construction period rent) based on the lease rates (which average 10.4%) and the amount funded, which aggregated $16,225,907 at December 31, 2004. The Company has recorded $757,787 of construction period rent as unbilled rent receivable and as deferred revenue as of December 31, 2004. Upon completion of development and occupancy by the tenant, the fixed lease term (15 and 10 years for the hospital and medical office building, respectively) will commence and any accrued construction period rent will be paid, with interest calculated at the lease rate, over the term of the respective lease. Upon occupancy, the Company will begin recognizing as rent revenue, using the straight-line method, all construction period rent recorded during the construction period. The Company expects to complete the construction of the hospital and the medical office building in October 2005 and August 2005, respectively. 8. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (AUGUST 27, 2003) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 -- (CONTINUED) 10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS On February 9, 2005, Vibra made a $7.8 million payment of principal and interest on its transaction fee and working capital loans from the Company. The payments left a $41.4 million loan payable to the Company by Vibra. The Company has no commitments to make additional loans to Vibra. In February, 2005, the Company purchased a community hospital for $28 million. The purchase price was paid from loan proceeds and from the proceeds of the Company's private placement. Upon closing the purchase of the hospital, the Company and the seller entered into a fifteen year lease of the hospital back to the seller, with renewal options for three additional five year terms. 11. EARNINGS PER SHARE The following is a reconciliation of the weighted average shares used in net income (loss) per common share to the weighted average shares used in net income (loss) per common share -- assuming dilution for the year ended December 31, 2004, and for the period from Inception (August 27, 2003) through December 31, 2003, respectively:
SCHEDULE III -- REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION DECEMBER 31, 2004 AND DECEMBER 31, 2003
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Member Vibra Healthcare, LLC We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Vibra Healthcare, LLC and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2004, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in partner's capital, and cash flows for the period from inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vibra Healthcare, LLC and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the period from inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. /s/ Parente Randolph, LLC Harrisburg, Pennsylvania March 8, 2005, except Note 11, as to which the date is March 31, 2005 F-35
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheet December 31, 2004
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statement of Operations and Changes in Partner's Capital For the Period from Inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004
VIBRA HEALTHCARE LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows For the Period from Inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Organization: Vibra Healthcare LLC ("Vibra" and the "Company") was formed May 14, 2004, and commenced operations with the acquisition of its subsidiaries consisting of four independent rehabilitation hospitals ("IRF") and two long-term acute care hospitals ("LTACH") located throughout the United States on July 1, 2004, and August 17, 2004. Vibra, a Delaware limited liability company ("LLC"), is a single member LLC with an infinite life. The members liability is limited to the capital contribution. Vibra was previously named Highmark Healthcare LLC until a name change in December 2004. Vibra's wholly-owned subsidiaries consist of:
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the term of the lease, as appropriate. The general range of useful lives is as follows:
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 accounted for as contractual adjustments, which are deducted from gross revenues to arrive at net patient service revenues. Payment arrangements include prospectively determined rates per discharge, reimbursed costs, discounted charges and per diem payments. Retroactive adjustments are accrued on an estimated basis in the period the related services are rendered and adjusted in future periods as final settlements are determined. Patient accounts receivable resulting from such payment arrangements are recorded net of contractual allowances. A significant portion of the Company's net patient service revenues are generated directly from the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Net patient service revenues generated directly from the Medicare and Medicaid programs represented approximately 63% and 13%, respectively, of the Company's consolidated net patient service revenues for the period from inception through December 31, 2004. Approximately 46% and 21% of the Company's gross patient accounts receivable at December 31, 2004, are from Medicare and Medicaid, respectively. As a provider of services to these programs, the Company is subject to extensive regulations. The inability of a hospital to comply with regulations can result in changes in that hospital's net patient service revenues generated from these programs. Concentration of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash balances and patient accounts receivables. The Company deposits its cash with large banks. The Company grants unsecured credit to its patients, most of whom reside in the service area of the Company's facilities and are insured under third-party payor agreements. Because of the geographic diversity of the Company's facilities and non-governmental third-party payors, Medicare and Medicaid represent the Company's primary concentration of credit risk. Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The Company has various assets and liabilities that are considered financial instruments. The Company estimates that the carrying value of its current assets, current liabilities and long-term debt approximates their fair value. Income Taxes: Vibra and its subsidiaries have elected to be a LLC for federal and state income tax purposes. In lieu of corporate income taxes, the member of a LLC is taxed on their proportionate share of the Company's taxable income or loss. Therefore, no provision or liability for federal or state income taxes has been provided for in the consolidated balance sheet or consolidated statement of operations. 2. ACQUISITIONS In July and August 2004, Vibra entered into agreements with Medical Properties Trust, Inc. (MPT) to acquire the operations of six specialty hospitals. MPT, a healthcare real estate investment trust based in Birmingham, Alabama, acquired the real estate for approximately $127.4 million and assigned to Vibra its rights to acquire the operations of the hospitals from Care One Realty of Hackensack, New Jersey for approximately $38.1 million net of cash acquired and $7.5 million of liabilities assumed which was financed by MPT. The assignment of the LLC interests to Vibra transferred the operations, assets and liabilities of each LLC. The purchase price of the operations may be adjusted either upward or downward pursuant to a post-closing working capital adjustment with the seller. The purchase price of the operations has been allocated to net assets acquired, and liabilities assumed based on valuation studies subject to purchase price adjustments. The excess of the amount of purchase price over the net asset value, including identifiable intangible assets, was allocated to goodwill. The purchase price was negotiated based on management's evaluation of future operational performance of the hospitals as a group under Vibra. The results of operations of the hospitals acquired have been included in the Company's consolidated financial F-41
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 statements since the date of acquisition. The following table summarizes the acquisition date and other relevant information regarding each hospital:
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 4. DEPOSITS The facility lease agreements with MPT require deposits equal to three months rent. The funds are on deposit with MPT in non-interest bearing accounts. Deposits at December 31, 2004, consist of the following:
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 the notes due MPT have been classified as long-term at December 31, 2004 in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. 7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS The Company has entered into agreements with Vibra Management, LLC (a company affiliated through common ownership) to provide management services to each hospital. The services include information system support, legal counsel, accounting/tax, human resources, program development, quality management and marketing oversight. The agreements call for a management fee equal to 2% of net patient service revenue, and are for an initial term of five years with automatic one-year renewals. Management fee expense amounted to $982,668 for the period from inception through December 31, 2004. At December 31, 2004, $164,007 was payable to Vibra Management, LLC and is included accounts payable -- related party in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The spouse of the sole member of the Company provided legal consulting services to the Company on the hospital acquisition and on various operational licensing and financing matters. During the period from inception through December 31, 2004, legal consulting services from this person totaled $176,187, of which $98,137 was payable at December 31, 2004. 8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES LEASES Vibra entered into triple-net long-term real estate operating leases with MPT at each hospital. Each lease is for an initial term of 15 years and contains renewal options at Vibra's option for three additional five-year terms. Vibra has the option to purchase the leased property at the end of the lease term, including any extension periods, for the greater of the fair market value of the leased property, or the purchase price increased by 2.5% per annum from the commencement date. The base rate at commencement is calculated at 10.25% of MPT's adjusted purchase price of the real estate ("APP"). The base rate increases to 12.23% of APP effective July 1, 2005. Beginning January 1, 2006, and each January 1, thereafter, the base rate increases by an inflator of 2.5% (i.e. base rate becomes 12.54% of APP on January 1, 2006). Each lease also contains a percentage rent provision ("Percentage Rent"). Beginning January 1, 2005, if the aggregate monthly net patient service revenues of the six hospitals exceed an annualized net patient service revenue run rate of $110,000,000, additional rent equal to 2% of monthly net patient service revenue is triggered. The percentage rent is payable within ten days after the end of the applicable quarter. The percentage rent declines from 2% to 1% on a pro rata basis as Vibra repays the $49.142 million in notes to MPT. Commencing on July 1, 2005, Vibra must make quarterly deposits to a capital improvement reserve at the rate of $375 per quarter per bed or $652,500 on an annual basis for all hospitals leased from MPT. The reserve may be used to fund capital improvements and repairs as agreed to by the parties. The MPT leases are subject to various financial covenants including limitations on total debt to 100% of the total capitalization of the guarantors (as defined) or 4.5 times the 12 month total EBITDAR of the guarantors, whichever is greater, coverage ratios of 125% of debt service and 150% of rent (as defined), and maintenance of average daily patient census. As of December 31, 2004, Vibra was not in compliance with the debt service and rent coverage covenants. The MPT lease agreements were subsequently amended to delay the initial measurement date with respect to these financial covenants (Note 11). A default in F-44
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 any of the loan terms will also constitute a default under the leases. All of the MPT leases are cross defaulted. Vibra has entered into operating leases for six outpatient clinics which expire on various dates through 2008. Minimum future lease obligations on the leases are as follows (in thousands):
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 hospitals. Amounts receivable at December 31, 2004, include $1,015,959 due from Medi-Cal, including $657,000 prior to the acquisition. Management is continuing to negotiate with Medi-Cal. The amount that will ultimately be received cannot be determined at this time. CALIFORNIA SEISMIC UPGRADE For earthquake protection California requires hospitals to receive an approved Structural Performance Category 2 (SPC-2) by January 1, 2008, to maintain its license. Hospitals may request a five year implementation extension. The Fresno, CA, hospital is expected to meet the SPC-2 standard by January 1, 2008, with capital outlays that are not material to the consolidated financial statements. The Kentfield, CA, hospital has applied for a three year extension to meet the requirement. Management is in preliminary consultations with consulting architects and engineers to develop a plan for Kentfield to meet the requirements. The capital outlay required to meet the standards at Kentfield cannot be determined at this time. 9. RETIREMENT SAVINGS PLAN In November 2004, the Company began sponsorship of a defined contribution retirement savings plan for substantially all of its employees. Employees may elect to defer up to 15% of their salary. The Company matches 25% of the first 3% of compensation employees contribute to the plan. The employees vest in the employer contributions over a five-year period beginning on the employee's hire date. The expense incurred by the Company related to this plan was $21,310 for the period from inception through December 31, 2004. 10. SEGMENT INFORMATION SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information", establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments and related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas and major customers. The Company's segments consist of (i) IRFs and (ii) LTACHs. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. The Company evaluates performance of the segments based on loss from operations. The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company's reportable segments:
VIBRA HEALTHCARE, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PERIOD FROM INCEPTION (MAY 14, 2004) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2004 11. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On February 9, 2005, Vibra closed on a revolving credit facility (the "Revolver") with Merrill Lynch Capital secured by a first position in the Company's accounts receivable through an intercreditor agreement with MPT. Up to $14 million can be borrowed based on a formula of qualifying accounts receivable. The terms of the Revolver are interest only for three years at 30 day LIBOR plus 3% with a balloon maturity on February 8, 2008. The proceeds were used to repay $7,725,958 of notes payable to MPT and for general corporate purposes. On March 31, 2005, MPT and Vibra amended the hospital leases for no consideration. The amendments included delaying the initial measurement date with respect to limitations on total debt and coverage ratios until the quarter ending September 30, 2006, aggregating the six hospitals financial results in calculating the financial covenants, establishing an escrow for property taxes and insurance, and certain other terms. F-47
------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ NO DEALER, SALESMAN OR OTHER PERSON HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO GIVE ANY INFORMATION OR TO MAKE ANY REPRESENTATIONS OTHER THAN THOSE CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS, AND IF GIVEN OR MADE SUCH INFORMATION OR REPRESENTATION MUST NOT BE RELIED UPON AS HAVING BEEN AUTHORIZED BY US OR THE UNDERWRITERS. THE STATEMENTS IN THIS PROSPECTUS ARE MADE AS OF THE DATE HEREOF, UNLESS ANOTHER DATE IS SPECIFIED, AND NEITHER THE DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY SALE MADE HEREUNDER SHALL, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, CREATE AN IMPLICATION THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE IN THE FACTS SET FORTH HEREIN SINCE THE DATE HEREOF. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL OR SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SHARES OF COMMON STOCK IN ANY CIRCUMSTANCES UNDER WHICH THE OFFER OR SOLICITATION IS UNLAWFUL. TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS ITEM 31. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION. The following table sets forth the costs and expenses payable by the Registrant in connection with the issuance and distribution of common stock being registered. All amounts except the SEC registration fee and NASD fee are estimates.
common stock. In addition, each purchaser of our common stock in the private placements and resales that occurred on April 6 and April 7, 2004 was solicited on a private and confidential basis in a manner not involving any general solicitation or advertising in compliance with Regulation D. Pursuant to our 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, we have granted options to purchase a total of 160,000 shares of common stock, and awarded 20,000 deferred stock units, to our current or former independent directors. In addition, on April 25, 2005, we awarded 82,000 shares of restricted common stock to certain of our employees. In granting these options to purchase common stock and deferred stock units and in making these restricted stock awards, we relied upon exemptions from registration set forth in Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 701 under the Securities Act. In August and September 2003, Mr. Aldag, Mr. McLean, Mr. McKenzie and Mr. Hamner, or our founders, were collectively issued 1,630,435 shares of our common stock in exchange for nominal cash consideration. Upon completion of our private placement in April 2004, 1,108,527 shares of common stock held by our senior management were redeemed for nominal value and they now collectively hold 557,908 shares of our common stock, including shares purchased in our April 2004 private placement. We relied upon Section 4(2) of the Securities Act in issuing these shares of common stock to our founders. ITEM 34. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. We maintain a directors and officers liability insurance policy. Our charter limits the personal liability of our directors and officers for monetary damages to the fullest extent permitted under current Maryland law, and our charter and bylaws provide that a director or officer shall be indemnified to the fullest extent required or permitted by Maryland law from and against any claim or liability to which such director or officer may become subject by reason of his or her status as a director or officer of our company. Maryland law allows directors and officers to be indemnified against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements, and expenses actually incurred in a proceeding unless the following can be established: - the act or omission of the director or officer was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; - the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or - with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his or her act or omission was unlawful. Our stockholders have no personal liability for indemnification payments or other obligations under any indemnification agreements or arrangements. However, indemnification could reduce the legal remedies available to us and our stockholders against the indemnified individuals. This provision for indemnification of our directors and officers does not limit a stockholder's ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a director's or an officer's duties to us or to our stockholders, although these equitable remedies may not be effective in some circumstances. In addition to any indemnification to which our directors and officers are entitled pursuant to our charter and bylaws and the MGCL, our charter and bylaws provide that we may indemnify other employees and agents to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland law, whether they are serving us or, at our request, any other entity. We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and executive officers, which we refer to in this context as indemnitees. The indemnification agreements provide that we will, to the fullest extent permitted by Maryland law, indemnify and defend each indemnitee against all losses and expenses incurred as a result of his current or past service as our director or officer, or incurred by reason of the fact that, while he was our director or officer, he was serving at our request as a director, officer, partners, trustee, employee or agent of a corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, other enterprise or employee benefit plan. We have agreed to pay expenses incurred by an indemnitee before the final disposition of a claim provided that he provides us with a written affirmation that he has met the standard II-2
of conduct required for indemnification and a written undertaking to repay the amount we pay or reimburse if it is ultimately determined that he has not met the standard of conduct required for indemnification. We are to pay expenses within 20 days of receiving the indemnitee's written request for such an advance. Indemnitees are entitled to select counsel to defend against indemnifiable claims. The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which any person who controls us or any of our directors, officers or agents is insured or indemnified against liability is a potential reduction in distributions to our stockholders resulting from our payment of premiums associated with liability insurance. ITEM 35. TREATMENT OF PROCEEDS FROM STOCK BEING REGISTERED. None of the proceeds will be credited to an account other than the appropriate capital share account. ITEM 36. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS. (a) Financial Statements. See page F-1 for an index of the financial statements included in the Registration Statement. (b) Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed as part of this registration statement on Form S-11.
registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. II-6
SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-11 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Birmingham, Alabama on May 13, 2005. MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. By: /s/ R. STEVEN HAMNER ------------------------------------ R. Steven Hamner Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Director POWER OF ATTORNEY Each of the directors of Medical Properties Trust, Inc. whose signature appears below hereby appoints Edward K. Aldag, Jr. and R. Steven Hamner and each of them as his attorney-in-fact to sign in his or her name and behalf, in any and all capacities stated below and to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments to this registration statement, making such changes in the registration statement as appropriate, file a 462(b) registration statement and generally to do all such things in their behalf in their capacities as officers to enable Medical Properties Trust, Inc. to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all requirements of the Securities Exchange Commission. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates listed.
EXHIBIT 3.1 MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. SECOND ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT FIRST: MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC., a Maryland corporation (the "Corporation"), desires to amend and restate its Articles of Incorporation for a second time (the "Charter") as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended. Capitalized terms not defined when first used in this Charter are defined in Article VI or Article XII. SECOND: The following provisions are all the provisions of the Charter currently in effect and as hereinafter amended: ARTICLE I INCORPORATOR Kerry Sturbin, whose address is 11 East Chase Street, Suite 9E, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, being at least 18 years of age, served as the incorporator of and formed this Corporation under and by virtue of the general laws of the State of Maryland. ARTICLE II NAME The name of the corporation (the "Corporation") is Medical Properties Trust, Inc. ARTICLE III PURPOSES The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, engaging in business as a real estate investment trust (a "REIT") under Section 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended or any successor statute (the "Code")) for which corporations may be organized under the Maryland General Corporation Law as now or hereafter in force, or any successor statute, (the "MGCL"). ARTICLE IV PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN STATE AND RESIDENT AGENT 4.1 Principal Address. The address of the principal office of the Corporation within the State of Maryland, is 11 East Chase Street, Suite 9E, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The Corporation may have such other offices and places of business within or outside the State of Maryland as the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the "Board of Directors") may from time to time determine. 4.2 Registered Agent. The name of the resident agent of the Corporation within the State of Maryland is National Registered Agents, Inc. of MD, a Maryland corporation, and the address of such agent is 11 East Chase Street, Suite 9E, Baltimore, Maryland 21202.
ARTICLE V STOCK 5.1 Authorized Shares. The Corporation is authorized to issue an aggregate of 110,000,000 shares of stock (the "Capital Stock"), consisting of (a) 100,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the "Common Stock") and (b) 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share (the "Preferred Stock"). The aggregate par value of all of the shares of all of the classes of stock of the Corporation is $110,000. 5.2 Common Stock. Subject to the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock, if any, and any other class of stock hereinafter created by the Corporation: (a) the holders of the Common Stock shall have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters requiring stockholder action, each share being entitled to one vote; (b) distributions may be declared and paid or set apart for payment upon the Common Stock out of any assets or funds of the Corporation legally available for the payment of distributions, but only when, as, and if authorized by the Board of Directors; and (c) upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the assets of the Corporation available for the distribution to stockholders shall be distributed pro rata to the holders of the Common Stock. 5.3 Preferred Stock. Prior to issuance of any shares of Preferred Stock, the Board of Directors by resolution shall, without action by the stockholders: (a) designate that class or series to distinguish it from all other classes and series of stock of the Corporation; and (b) specify the number of shares to be included in the class or series; (c) establish, subject to the provisions of Article VI and subject to the express terms of any class or series of stock of the Corporation outstanding at the time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions (including, without limitation, restrictions on transferability), limitations as to distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series; and (d) cause the Corporation to file articles supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland containing a description of the stock as set or changed by the Board of Directors. 5.4 Stock Issuance. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Board of Directors may, without action by the stockholders: (a) authorize the issuance from time to time of shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into shares of its stock of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend); 2
(b) classify or reclassify any unissued shares of the Common Stock or the Preferred Stock by setting or changing in any one or more respects, from time to time before issuance of such shares, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications, or terms or conditions of redemption of such shares. 5.5 Change in Authorized Shares. To the extent permitted under the MGCL, the Board of Directors may, without action by the stockholders, amend the Charter to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of Capital Stock or the number of shares of Capital Stock of any class of Capital Stock that the Corporation has authority to issue. 5.6 Fractional Shares. The Corporation may, without the consent or approval of any stockholder, issue fractional shares of any class of Capital Stock. 5.7 Charter and Bylaws. All persons who shall acquire Capital Stock of the Corporation shall acquire the same subject to the provisions of the Charter and the Bylaws, as the Charter and the Bylaws may be amended from time-to-time. ARTICLE VI RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES OF CAPITAL STOCK 6.1 Definitions. For the purpose of this Article VI, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) The term "Beneficial Ownership" shall mean ownership of shares of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in the shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include (in addition to direct ownership and indirect ownership through a nominee or similar arrangement) interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h) of the Code. The terms "Beneficial Owner," "Beneficially Owns" and "Beneficially Owned" shall have the correlative meanings. (b) The term "Benefit Plan Investor" shall have the meaning provided in 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(f)(2), or any successor regulation thereto. (c) The term "Business Day" shall mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close. (d) The term "Charitable Beneficiary" shall mean one or more beneficiaries of the Charitable Trust as determined pursuant to Section 6.3.7 of this Article VI, provided that each such organization must be described in Sections 501(c)(3), 170(b)(1)(A) (other than clause (vii) or (viii) thereof) and 170(c)(2) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code. (e) The term "Charitable Trust" shall mean any trust provided for in Section 6.2.1(b)(i) and Section 6.3.1 of this Article VI. (f) The term "Charitable Trustee" shall mean the Person, unaffiliated with the Corporation and a 3
Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation from time to time to serve as trustee of the Charitable Trust. (g) The "Closing Price" on any date shall mean the last sale price on such date for such shares of Capital Stock, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such shares of Capital Stock, in either case as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE or, if such shares of Capital Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE, as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which such shares of Capital Stock are listed or admitted to trading or, if such shares of Capital Stock are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price, or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices, in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market or, if such system is no longer in use, the principal other automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such shares of Capital Stock are not quoted by any such organization, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such shares of Capital Stock selected by the Board of Directors or, in the event that no trading price is available for such shares of Capital Stock, the fair market value of such shares, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors; provided, if the date for which such determination is to be made is a day that the NYSE is not open for trading, such determination shall be made for the most recent day for which the NYSE was open for trading. (h) The term "Constructive Ownership" shall mean ownership of shares of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include any interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code. The terms "Constructive Owner," "Constructively Owns" and "Constructively Owned" shall have the correlative meanings. (i) The term "ERISA Investor" shall mean any holder of shares of Capital Stock that is (i) an employee benefit plan subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), (ii) a plan as defined in Section 4975(e) of the Code (any such employee benefit plan or "plan" described in clause (i) or this clause (ii) being referred to herein as a "Plan"), (iii) a trust which was established pursuant to a Plan, or a nominee for such trust or Plan, or (iv) an entity whose underlying assets include assets of a Plan by reason of such Plan's investment in such entity. (j) The term "Excepted Holder" shall mean a stockholder of the Corporation for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7. (k) The term "Excepted Holder Limit" shall mean, provided that (and only so long as) the affected Excepted Holder complies with all of the requirements established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7, and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 6.2.8, the percentage limit established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.2.7. (l) The term "Initial Date" shall mean the first day of the tax year in which the Corporation elects to be taxed as a REIT. (m) The term "Market Price" on any date shall mean, with respect to any class or series of outstanding shares of Capital Stock, the Closing Price for such shares of Capital Stock on such date. 4
(n) The term "NYSE" shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (o) The term "Ownership Limit" shall mean (i) with respect to shares of Common Stock, 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Corporation; and (ii) with respect to any class or series of shares of Preferred Stock or other stock, 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of such class or series of Preferred Stock or other stock of the Corporation. (p) The term "Person" shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company, limited liability company, or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (q) The term "Prohibited Owner" shall mean any Person who, but for the provisions of this Article V, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock, and if appropriate in the context, shall also mean any Person who would have been the record owner of shares of Capital Stock that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned. (r) The term "Publicly Offered Securities" shall have the meaning provided in 29 C.F.R Section 2510.3-101(b)(2), or any successor regulation thereto. (s) The term "Restriction Termination Date" shall mean the first day after the Initial Date on which the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of shares of Capital Stock set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT. (t) The term "Transfer" shall mean any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event (or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events) that causes any Person to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of shares of Capital Stock or the right to vote or receive dividends on shares of Capital Stock, including without limitation, (i) a change in the capital structure of the Corporation, (ii) a change in the relationship between two or more Persons which causes a change in ownership of shares of Capital Stock by application of either Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h) of the Code or Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code, (iii) the grant or exercise of any option or warrant (or any disposition of any option or warrant, or any event that causes any option or warrant not theretofore exercisable to become exercisable), pledge, security interest or similar right to acquire shares of Capital Stock, (iv) any disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Capital Stock or any interest in shares of Capital Stock or any exercise of any such conversion or exchange right, and (v) Transfers of interests in other entities that result in changes in Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of shares of Capital Stock. For purposes of this Article VI, the right of a limited partner in Medical Properties Trust Limited Partnership (or any successor thereto), to require the partnership to redeem such limited partner's units of limited partnership interest pursuant to Section 8.04 of the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. shall not be considered to be an option or similar right 5
to acquire shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation so long as such Section 8.04 is not amended in a manner that would grant to a limited partner a legal right to require that either MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. (or any successor thereto) or the Corporation issue to such limited partner shares of Capital Stock and so long as the restrictions in Section 8.04 of such Agreement apply to the exercise of the rights set forth in such Section 8.04. The terms "Transferring" and "Transferred" shall have the correlative meanings. 6.2 Restrictions on Ownership and Transferring Shares. 6.2.1. During the period commencing on the Initial Date and ending at the close of business on the Restriction Termination Date: (a) Basic Restrictions. (i) (1) No Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Ownership Limit, and (2) no Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder. (ii) No Person shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock to the extent that (1) such Beneficial Ownership of shares of Capital Stock would result in the Corporation being "closely held" within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or (2) such Constructive Ownership would cause either the Corporation to be considered to constructively own after application of the constructive ownership rules of Section 856(d)(5) of the Code an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code for purposes of applying Section 856(c) of the Code or MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. (or any successor thereto) to be considered to constructively own after application of the constructive ownership rules of Section 856(d)(5) of the Code, as modified by the rules of Section 7704(d) of the Code, an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code for purposes of applying Section 7704(d) of the Code. (iii) No Person shall Transfer any shares of Capital Stock if, as a result of the Transfer, the outstanding shares of all classes and series of Capital Stock would be Beneficially Owned by less than 100 Persons (determined without reference to the rules of attribution under Section 544 of the Code). Subject to Section 6.5 of this Article VI and notwithstanding any other provisions contained herein, any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock (whether or not such Transfer is the result of a transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system) that, if effective, would result in outstanding shares of all classes and series of Capital Stock being Beneficially Owned by less than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock. (b) If any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock (whether or not such Transfer is the result of a transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system) occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or 6.2.1(a)(ii) of this Article VI, as applicable, (i) then that number of shares of Capital Stock the Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or 6.2.1(a)(ii) 6
(rounded upward to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 6.3, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock; or (ii) if the transfer to the Charitable Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or 6.2.1(a)(ii), as applicable, then the Transfer of that number of shares of Capital Stock that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.2.1(a)(i) or 6.2.1(a)(ii), as applicable, shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock. 6.2.2. If the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof shall at any time determine in good faith that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 6.2.1 of this Article VI or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of any shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 6.2.1 (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board of Directors or a committee thereof shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Corporation to redeem shares of Capital Stock, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided, however, that any Transfer or attempted Transfer or other event in violation of Section 6.2.1 shall automatically result in the transfer to the Charitable Trust described above, and, where applicable under Section 6.2.1(b)(ii), such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof. 6.2.3. Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of shares of Capital Stock that will or may violate Section 6.2.1(a), or any Person who would have owned shares of Capital Stock that resulted in a transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.2.1(b), shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event, or in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such acquisition or ownership on the Corporation's status as a REIT. 6.2.4 During the period commencing on the Initial Date and ending at the close of business on the Restriction Termination Date: (a) Every stockholder of record of more than 5% (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of shares Beneficially Owned, and a description of the manner in which such shares of Capital Stock are held; provided that a stockholder of record who holds outstanding shares of Capital Stock as nominee for another Person, which other Person is required to include in gross income the dividends received on such shares (an "Actual Owner"), shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such Actual Owner and the number of shares of Capital Stock of such Actual Owner with respect to which the stockholder of record is nominee. Each such stockholder of record and each Actual Owner shall provide to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the 7
effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation's status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Ownership Limit. (b) Each Person who is a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner of shares of Capital Stock and each Person (including the stockholder of record) who is holding shares of Capital Stock for a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request, in good faith, in order to determine the Corporation's status as a REIT and to comply with requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance. 6.2.5. Subject to Section 6.5 of this Article VI, nothing contained in this Section 6.2 shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its stockholders in preserving the Corporation's status as a REIT. 6.2.6. In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 6.2, Section 6.3 or any definition contained in Section 6.1 or Article XII, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the application of the provisions of this Section 6.2 or Section 6.3 with respect to any situation based upon the facts known to it. If Section 6.2 or 6.3 requires an action by the Board of Directors and the Charter of the Corporation fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors shall have the power to determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of Sections 6.1, 6.2 or 6.3. 6.2.7. (a) The Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, may grant to any Person who makes a request therefor an exception from one or more of the restrictions set forth in Section 6.2.1(a) with respect to the ownership of any series or class of Capital Stock of the Corporation, and may establish or increase the Excepted Holder Limit for such Person subject to the following conditions and limitations: (A) the Board of Directors shall have determined that (x) assuming such Person would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own the maximum amount of shares of Common Stock and stock of the Corporation (other than Common Stock) permitted as a result of the exception to be granted and (y) assuming that all other Persons who would be treated as "individuals" for purposes of Section 542(a)(2) of the Code (determined taking into account Section 856(h)(3)(A) of the Code) would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own the maximum amount of shares of Common Stock and stock of the Corporation (other than Common Stock) permitted under this Article VI (taking into account any exception, waiver or exemption granted under this Section 6.2.7 to (or with respect to) such Persons), the Corporation would not fail to qualify as a REIT; and (B) such Person provides to the Board of Directors such representations and undertakings, if any, as the Board of Directors may, in its sole and absolute discretion, determine to be necessary in order for it to make the determination that the conditions set forth in clause (A) above of this Section 6.2.7(a) have been and/or will continue to be satisfied (including, without limitation, an agreement as to a reduced Ownership Limit or Excepted Holder Limit for such Person with respect to the Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of one or more other classes or series of shares of Capital Stock not subject to the exception), and such Person agrees that any violation of such representations and undertakings or any attempted violation thereof will result in the application of the remedies set forth in Section 6.2 of this Article VI with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in excess of the Ownership Limit or the Excepted Holder Limit (as may be applicable) with respect to such Person (determined without regard to the exception granted 8
such Person under this paragraph (a)). If a member of the Board of Directors requests that the Board of Directors grant an exception pursuant to this paragraph (a) with respect to such member, or with respect to any other Person if such member would be considered to be the Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner of shares of Capital Stock owned by such other Person, such member of the Board of Directors shall not participate in the decision of the Board of Directors as to whether to grant any such exception. (b) In addition to exceptions permitted under paragraph (a) above, the Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, may grant to any Person who makes a request therefor (a "Requesting Person") an exception from the Ownership Limit (or one or more elements thereof) if: (i) such Person submits to the Board of Directors information satisfactory to the Board of Directors, in its reasonable discretion, demonstrating that such Requesting Person is not an individual for purposes of Section 542(a)(2) of the Code (determined taking into account Section 856(h)(3)(A) of the Code); (ii) such Requesting Person submits to the Board of Directors information satisfactory to the Board of Directors, in its reasonable discretion, demonstrating that no Person who is an individual for purposes of Section 542(a)(2) of the Code (determined taking into account Section 856(h)(3)(A) of the Code) would be considered to Beneficially Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Ownership Limit by reason of the Requesting Person's ownership of shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Ownership Limit pursuant to the exception granted under this subparagraph (b); (iii) such Requesting Person submits to the Board of Directors information satisfactory to the Board of Directors, in its reasonable discretion, demonstrating that clause (2) of paragraph (a)(ii) of Section 6.2.1 will not be violated by reason of the Requesting Person's ownership of shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Ownership Limit pursuant to the exception granted under this paragraph (b); and (iv) such Requesting Person provides to the Board of Directors such representations and undertakings, if any, as the Board of Directors may, in its sole and absolute discretion, require to ensure that the conditions in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) hereof are satisfied and will continue to be satisfied throughout the period during which such Requesting Person owns shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Ownership Limit pursuant to any exception thereto granted under this subparagraph (b), and such Requesting Person agrees that any violation of such representations and undertakings or any attempted violation thereof will result in the application of the remedies set forth in Section 6.2 with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in excess of the Ownership Limit with respect to such Requesting Person (determined without regard to the exception granted such Requesting Person under this paragraph (b)). (c) Prior to granting any exception or exemption pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b), the Board of Directors may require a ruling from the IRS or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation's status as a REIT; provided, however, that the Board of Directors shall not be obligated to require obtaining a favorable ruling or opinion in order to grant an exception hereunder. (d) Subject to Section 6.2.1(a)(ii), an underwriter which participates in a public offering or a private placement of shares of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares 9
of Capital Stock) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Capital Stock) in excess of the Ownership Limit, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such public offering or private placement; and provided that the restrictions contained in Section 6.2.1(a) will not be violated following the distribution by such underwriter of such shares of Capital Stock. (e) The Board of Directors may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder: (1) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time or (2) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder. No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less than the Ownership Limit. 6.2.8 The Board of Directors may from time to time increase or decrease the Ownership Limit, subject to the limitations provided in this Section 6.2.8. (a) Any decrease may be made only prospectively as to subsequent holders (other than a decrease as a result of a retroactive change in existing law, in which case such change shall be effective immediately); and further, any decrease may be made only to ensure the Corporation's status as a REIT. (b) The Ownership Limit may not be increased if, after giving effect to such increase, five Persons who are considered individuals pursuant to Section 542 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(3) of the Code (taking into account all of the Excepted Holders), could beneficially Own, in the aggregate, more than 49% of the value of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock. (c) Prior to the modification of the Ownership Limit pursuant to this Section 6.2.8, the Board of Directors may require such opinions of counsel, affidavits, undertakings or agreements as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation's status as a REIT if the modification in the Ownership Limit were to be made. 6.2.9. Each certificate for shares of Capital Stock (or securities exercisable for or convertible into shares of Capital Stock) shall bear substantially the following legend: The shares of Capital Stock represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on Beneficial Ownership and Constructive Ownership and Transfer primarily for the purpose of the Corporation's maintenance of its status as a real estate investment trust (a "REIT") under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). Except as expressly provided in the Charter, (i) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Common Stock of the Corporation in excess of 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding Common Stock of the Corporation unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) with respect to any class or series of shares of Capital Stock other than Common Stock, no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own more than 9.8% (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of such class or series of such stock of the Corporation (collectively, (i) and (ii) are referred to herein as the "Ownership Limit"), unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iii) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own 10
shares of Capital Stock that would result in the Corporation being "closely held" under Section 856(h) of the Code, or would cause either the Corporation to be considered to constructively own after application of the constructive ownership rules of Section 856(d)(5) of the Code an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code for purposes of applying Section 856(c) of the Code or MPT Operating Partnership, L.P. (or any successor thereto) to be considered to Constructively Own after application of the constructive ownership rules of Section 856(d)(5) of the Code, as modified by the rules of Section 7704(d) of the Code, an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code for purposes of applying Section 7704(d) of the Code; (iv) no Person may Transfer shares of Capital Stock if such Transfer would result in shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation being owned by fewer than 100 Persons; and (v) no Person may Transfer any class or series of shares of Capital Stock if such Transfer would result in any of the Benefit Plan Investors, on any date, holding, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock. An "Excepted Holder" means a stockholder of the Corporation for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Board of Directors. Any Person who Beneficially Owns or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock which cause or will cause a Person to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess or in violation of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation. The term "Benefit Plan Investor" has the meaning provided in 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(f)(2), or any successor regulation thereto. If any of the restrictions on Transfer are violated, the shares of Capital Stock represented hereby will be automatically transferred to a Charitable Trustee of a Charitable Trust for the benefit (except as otherwise provided in the Charter of the Corporation) of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described above may be void ab initio. A Person who (i) attempts to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in violation of the Transfer restrictions described above or, (ii) if such Person is a Benefit Plan Investor, attempts to hold, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of any class or series of shares of Capital Stock in violation of the Transfer restrictions described above, shall have no claim, cause of action or any recourse whatsoever against a transferor of such shares of Capital Stock. All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the Corporation's Charter, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on Transfer, will be furnished to each holder of shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation on request and without charge. Instead of the foregoing legend, the certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement about certain restrictions on transferability to a stockholder on request and without charge. 6.3. Transfer of Shares of Capital Stock. 6.3.1. Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 6.2.1(b) that would result in a transfer of shares of Capital Stock to a Charitable Trust, such shares of Capital Stock shall be deemed to have been transferred to the Charitable Trustee as trustee of a Charitable Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries (except to the extent otherwise provided in Section 6.3.5). Such transfer to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of 11
business on the Business Day prior to any purported Transfer or other event that otherwise results in the transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.2.1(b). The Charitable Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 6.3.7. 6.3.2. Shares of Capital Stock held by the Charitable Trustee shall be issued and outstanding shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the shares of Capital Stock held by the Charitable Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any shares of Capital Stock held in trust by the Charitable Trustee (except to the extent otherwise provided in Section 6.3.5), shall have no rights to dividends or other distributions, and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust. The Prohibited Owner shall have no claim, cause of action or other recourse whatsoever against the purported transferor of such shares of Capital Stock. 6.3.3. The Charitable Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributions with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary (except to the extent otherwise provided in Section 6.3.5). Any dividend or other distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be paid with respect to such shares of Capital Stock to the Charitable Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Charitable Trustee. Any dividends or distributions so paid over to the Charitable Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Charitable Trustee, the Charitable Trustee shall have the authority (at the Charitable Trustee's sole discretion) (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Charitable Trustee and (ii) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Charitable Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible action, then the Charitable Trustee shall not have the power to rescind and recast such vote. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VI, until the Corporation has received notification that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred into a Charitable Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its stock transfer and other stockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies, and otherwise conducting votes of stockholders. 6.3.4. Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of or any distribution of the assets of the Corporation, the Charitable Trustee shall be entitled to receive, ratably with each other holder of shares of Capital Stock of the class or series of shares of Capital Stock that is held in the Charitable Trust, that portion of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the holders of such class or series (determined based upon the ratio that the number of shares of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock held by the Charitable Trustee bears to the total number of shares of Capital Stock of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock then outstanding). The Charitable Trustee shall distribute any such assets received in respect of the shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust in any liquidation, dissolution or winding up or distribution of the assets of the Corporation, in accordance with Section 6.3.5. 12
6.3.5. (a) Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Charitable Trust, the Charitable Trustee of the Charitable Trust shall sell the shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust (together with the right to receive dividends or other distributions with respect to such shares of Capital Stock as to any shares of Capital Stock transferred to the Charitable Trustee as a result of the operation of Section 6.2.1(b)) to a person, designated by the Charitable Trustee, whose ownership of the shares of Capital Stock will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 6.2.1(a). Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares of Capital Stock sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 6.3.5. (b) A Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (1) the net price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the shares of Capital Stock or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the shares of Capital Stock in connection with the event causing the shares of Capital Stock to be held in the Charitable Trust (e.g., in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Market Price of the shares of Capital Stock on the day of the event causing the shares of Capital Stock to be held in the Charitable Trust, and (2) the net sales proceeds per share received by the Charitable Trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Charitable Trustee, such shares of Capital Stock are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (i) such shares of Capital Stock shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Charitable Trust and (ii) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such shares of Capital Stock that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 6.3.5, such excess shall be paid to the Charitable Trustee upon demand. 6.3.6 Shares of Capital Stock transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in such transfer to the Charitable Trust (or, in the case of a devise, gift or other such transaction, the Market Price of the shares of Capital Stock on the day of the event causing the shares of Capital Stock to be held in the Charitable Trust) and (ii) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Charitable Trustee has sold the shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.3.5. Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares of Capital Stock sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner. 6.3.7 By written notice to the Charitable Trustee, the Corporation shall designate from time to time one or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Charitable Trust such that (i) shares of Capital Stock held in the Charitable Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 6.2.1(a) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary and (ii) each such organization must be described in Sections 501(c)(3), 170(b)(1)(A) and 170(c)(2) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code. 6.4. Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer of Shares of Capital Stock by Benefit Plans. 13
6.4.1. (a) Notwithstanding any other provisions herein, if and to the extent that any class or series of shares of Capital Stock do not constitute Publicly Offered Securities, then Benefit Plan Investors may not, on any date, hold, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock. For purposes of determining whether Benefit Plan Investors hold, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock, the value of shares of Capital Stock of such class held by any director or officer of the Corporation, or any other Person who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the assets of the Corporation, or any Person who provides investment advice for a fee to the Corporation in connection with its assets, or an "affiliate" of such person, as defined in 29 C.F.R. Section 2510.3-101(f)(3), or any successor regulation thereto, shall be disregarded. (b) If and to the extent that any class or series of shares of Capital Stock do not constitute Publicly Offered Securities, then no Person shall Transfer any shares of such Capital Stock if, as a result of the Transfer, the Benefit Plan Investors, on any date, hold, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock in violation of 6.4.1(a). 6.4.2. (a) If any Transfers of shares of Capital Stock (whether or not such Transfer is the result of a transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system) occurs which, if effective, would result in any of the Benefit Plan Investors, on any date, holding, individually or in the aggregate, 25 percent or more of the value of such class or series of shares of Capital Stock in violation of 6.4.1 or would otherwise result in the underlying assets and property of the Corporation becoming assets of any ERISA Investor: (i) then that number of shares of Capital Stock the holding of which otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.4.1 (rounded upward to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 6.3, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock; or (ii) if the transfer to the Charitable Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 6.4.1, then the Transfer of that number of shares of Capital Stock that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.4.1 shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock. (b) If the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof shall at any time determine in good faith that (i) a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 6.4.1 or will otherwise result in the underlying assets and property of the Corporation becoming assets of any ERISA Investor or (ii) that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire or hold shares of Capital Stock in a manner that will result in a violation of Section 6.4.1 or will otherwise result in the underlying assets and property of the Corporation becoming assets of any ERISA Investor, the Board of Directors or a committee thereof shall take such action as it deems advisable to mitigate, prevent or cure the consequences that might result to the Corporation from such Transfer or other event, including without limitation, refusing to give effect to or preventing such Transfer or event through redemption of such shares of Capital Stock or refusal to give effect to the Transfer or event on 14
the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided, however, that any Transfer or attempted Transfer or other event in violation of Section 6.4.1 shall automatically result in the transfer to the Charitable Trust described above, and, where applicable under Section 6.4.2(a)(ii), such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof. 6.4.3. Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire or hold shares of Capital Stock that may violate Section 6.4.1, or any Person who would have owned shares of Capital Stock that resulted in a transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.4.2, shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request in order to determine whether such acquisition or holding has resulted or will result in a violation of Section 6.4.1 or otherwise has resulted or will result in the underlying assets and property of the Corporation becoming assets of any ERISA Investor, including the name and address of any Person for whom a nominee holds shares of Capital Stock and whether the underlying assets of such Person include assets of any Benefit Plan Investor. 6.4.4 The Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, may exempt an ERISA Investor from the restrictions set forth in Section 6.4.1, provided that the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such ERISA Investor as are reasonably necessary to ascertain that, as a result of such exemption, the underlying assets and property of the Corporation will not become assets of any ERISA Investor under ERISA. 6.5. NYSE. Nothing in this Article VI shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction takes place shall not negate the effect of any other provision of this Article VI and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article VI. 6.6 Enforcement. The Corporation is authorized specifically to seek equitable relief, including injunctive relief, to enforce the provisions of this Article VI. 6.7. Non-Waiver. No delay or failure on the part of the Corporation or the Board of Directors in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of any right of the Corporation or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, except to the extent specifically waived in writing. 6.8. Enforceability. If any of the restrictions on transfer of shares of Capital Stock contained in this Article VI is determined to be void, invalid or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Prohibited Owner may be deemed, at the option of the Corporation, to have acted as an agent of the Corporation in acquiring such shares and to hold such shares on behalf of the Corporation. 6.9. Amendments. Notwithstanding any other provisions of the MGCL or the Charter to the contrary, the affirmative vote of stockholders holding at least two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast thereon shall be required to amend, alter, change, repeal, or adopt any provisions inconsistent with, the provisions of this Article VI. 15
ARTICLE VII DIRECTORS 7.1. General. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. 7.2. Election of Directors. Directors of the Corporation shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected and at which a quorum is present. Election of directors need not be by written ballot. 7.3. Number and Terms of Directors. The number of directors of the Corporation shall initially be fixed at 3, which number may be increased or decreased by the directors pursuant to the Bylaws, but shall never be less than 1. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders and each director shall be elected to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is duly elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal. The names of the persons who will serve as directors of the Corporation until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualified are Edward K. Aldag, Jr., William G. McKenzie and Emmett E. McLean. 7.4. Removal. A director may be removed from office, with or without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the Capital Stock then outstanding and entitled to vote generally for the election of directors; provided, however, that, in the case of any director elected solely by holders of one or more classes of preferred stock, the director will be subject to removal in the manner set forth in the Charter provisions establishing the class or classes of preferred stock. For the purposes of this Section 7.4, "cause," with respect to the removal of any director, shall mean only (i) conviction of a felony, (ii) declaration of unsound mind by order of a court, (iii) gross negligence or gross dereliction of duty or (iv) commission or omission of an act that constitutes willful misconduct or a willful violation of law if such omission or action results in injury to the Corporation. 7.5. Determinations by Board. The determination as to any of the following matters, made in good faith by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors consistent with the Charter and in the absence of actual receipt of an improper benefit in money, property or services or active and deliberate dishonesty established by a court, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Corporation and every holder of shares of its stock: the amount of the net income of the Corporation for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption of its stock or the payment of other distributions on its stock; the amount of paid-in surplus, net assets, other surplus, annual or other net profit, net assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on sale of assets; the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any asset owned or held by the Corporation; any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Corporation; or any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Corporation. 7.6. Rights of Objecting Stockholders. Holders of shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation shall not be entitled to exercise any rights of an objecting stockholder provided for under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the Maryland General Corporation Law unless the Board of Directors of the Corporation, upon the 16
affirmative vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors, shall determine that such rights shall apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of Capital Stock, to a particular transaction or all transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such shares of Capital Stock of the Corporation would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights. ARTICLE VIII LIMITATION OF LIABILITY 8.1. Limitation of Director Liability. To the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, no director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article VIII, nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of the Charter or the Bylaws inconsistent with this Article VIII, shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption. ARTICLE IX INDEMNIFICATION The Corporation shall have the power, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to obligate itself to indemnify, and to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to, (a) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of the Corporation or (b) any individual who, while a director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as director, officer, partner or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise from and against any claim or liability to which such person may become subject or which such person may incur by reason of his status as a present or former director or officer of the Corporation. The Corporation shall have the power, with the approval of the Board of Directors, to provide such indemnification and advancement of expenses to a person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (a) or (b) above or to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation. ARTICLE X APPLICABILITY OF CERTAIN STATUTES 10.1. Business Combination Statute. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or any contrary provision of law, the Maryland Business Combination Statute, found in Title 3, subtitle 6 of the MGCL, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto, shall not apply to any "business combination" (as defined in Section 3-601(e) of the MGCL, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto) of the Corporation and any Person. 10.2. Control Share Acquisition Statute. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or any contrary provision of law, the Maryland Control Share Acquisition Statute, found in Title 3, subtitle 7 of the MGCL, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto shall not apply to any acquisition of securities of the Corporation by any Person. 10.3. Unsolicited Takeover Statute. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or any contrary provision of law, Title 3, subtitle 8 of the MGCL, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto, shall not apply to the Corporation. 17
ARTICLE XI AMENDMENT OF CHARTER 11.1. Amendment. The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment of the Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment which alters the contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any of its outstanding stock, and all rights conferred by the Charter on stockholders, directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation. ARTICLE XII DEFINITIONS Except as otherwise defined in Article VI, for purposes of the Charter, the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) "Affiliate" and "Associate" shall have the respective meanings set forth in Rule 12b-2 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any subsequent provisions replacing such Act, rules and regulations. (b) "Business Day" shall mean each day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York, New York are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close. (c) "Group Acting in Concert" shall mean Persons seeking to combine or pool their voting or other interests in the securities of the Corporation for a common purpose, pursuant to any contract, understanding, relationship, agreement or other arrangement, whether written, oral or otherwise, or any group of Persons as described under Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (or any subsequent provisions replacing such Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder). When Persons act together for any such purpose, their group is deemed to have acquired their stock as a "Group Acting in Concert". (d) "Person" shall mean an individual or Group Acting in Concert, a corporation, a partnership, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a business trust, a government or political subdivision, any unincorporated organization, or any other association or entity. THIRD: The foregoing Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement, and the amendments set forth therein, were declared to be advisable by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law. FOURTH: The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is set forth in Article IV. FIFTH: The name and address of the Corporation's current resident agent are as set forth in Article IV. SIXTH: The number of directors and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article VII. 18
SEVENTH: There has been no change in the total number of shares of Capital Stock which the Corporation had authority to issue or in the aggregate par value of such shares. EIGHTH: The undersigned President acknowledges these Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned President acknowledges that, to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under penalties of perjury. {Signatures to appear on the following page.} 19
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its President and, pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors authorizing such attestation, attested to by its Treasurer on this 29 day of March, 2004. MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. By:/s/ Edward K. Aldag, Jr. ------------------------ Edward K. Aldag, Jr. Its President ATTEST: By:/s/ Emmett E. McLean -------------------- Emmett E. McLean Its Treasurer 20
EXHIBIT 10.30 EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT This Employment Agreement (the "Agreement"), dated as of April 28, 2005 (the "Effective Date"), among Medical Properties Trust, Inc. (the "REIT"), MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the "Operating Partnership") (the REIT and the Operating Partnership being herein referred to collectively as the "Company"), and Michael G. Stewart (the "Executive"). WHEREAS, the REIT is a limited partner and, through its wholly-owned limited liability company, Medical Properties Trust, LLC (the "LLC"), is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership; WHEREAS, the Executive has experience serving as general counsel for healthcare companies; WHEREAS, the Executive provided services to the Company pursuant to that certain Employment Agreement dated October 25, 2004 (the "Original Agreement"), which Original Agreement shall be terminated contemporaneously herewith; and WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Executive and the Executive desires to accept such employment, upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. NOW, THEREFORE, the Company and the Executive, in consideration of the respective covenants set out below, hereby agree as follows: 1. EMPLOYMENT. (a) POSITIONS. The Executive shall be employed by the Operating Partnership as its Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. The Executive shall also serve as the Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of the REIT. (b) DUTIES. The Executive shall report to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and his principal employment duties and responsibilities shall be those duties and responsibilities customary for the positions of Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, along with such other executive duties and responsibilities as the Chief Executive Officer and the Board of Directors of the REIT (the "Board") shall from time to time reasonably assign to the Executive. (c) EXTENT OF SERVICES. Except for illnesses and vacation periods, the Executive shall devote substantially all of his business time and attention and his good faith reasonable efforts to the performance of his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Executive (i) shall be permitted to continue to manage, operate and devote time and attention to those companies and businesses he owned, operated or controlled as of the date of the Original Agreement (collectively referred to herein as the "Excluded Businesses"), provided that such
activities do not materially detract from Executive's performance of his duties hereunder, (ii) may make any passive investment where he is not obligated or required to, and shall not in fact, devote any material managerial efforts, (iii) may participate in charitable, academic or community activities, and in trade or professional organizations, and (iv) may hold directorships in other companies consistent with the Company's conflict of interest policies and corporate governance guidelines as in effect from time to time. 2. TERM. This Agreement shall be effective as of the Effective Date and shall continue in full force and effect thereafter for a term of three (3) years following the Effective Date, and shall be automatically extended for an additional one (1) year period on each one (1) year anniversary of the Effective Date, including an anniversary that occurs within the initial three (3) year term (the last day of each such one (1) year period ending on an anniversary of the Effective Date is referred to herein as a "Term Date"), unless either party gives notice of non-renewal not later than sixty (60) days prior to a Term Date by providing written notice to the other party of such party's intent not to renew (in which case the Agreement shall not be so automatically extended for such additional one (1) year period and shall terminate at the conclusion of the remaining unextended Term), or it is sooner terminated pursuant to Section 7. For purposes of this Agreement, "Term" shall mean the actual duration of the Executive's employment hereunder, taking into account any extensions pursuant to this Section 2 or early termination of employment pursuant to Section 7, but for purposes of all compensation and benefits payable pursuant to Sections 3 through 6 hereof the Term shall be deemed to commence as of January 1, 2005. 3. BASE SALARY. The Company shall pay the Executive a Base Salary that shall be payable in periodic installments according to the Company's normal payroll practices, but no less frequently than monthly. The initial Base Salary shall be $250,000 per year. The Board or its compensation committee (the "Compensation Committee") shall review the Base Salary at least once a year to determine whether and to what extent the Base Salary should be increased, effective January 1 of any year during the Term; provided, however, that on each January 1 during the Term beginning January 1, 2006, the Base Salary shall be increased at a minimum by a positive amount equal to the Base Salary in effect on January 1 of the prior year multiplied by the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for such year. The amount of the increase shall be determined before March 31 of each year and shall be retroactive to January 1 of such year. The Base Salary, including any increases, shall not be decreased during the Term. For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Base Salary" shall mean the amount established and adjusted from time to time pursuant to this Section 3. 4. INCENTIVE AWARDS: ANNUAL INCENTIVE BONUS. The Executive shall be entitled to receive an annual cash incentive bonus for each fiscal year during the Term of this Agreement consistent with such bonus policy as may be adopted by the Board or its Compensation Committee ("Bonus Policy") in an amount of not less than 40% of the Executive's Base Salary (the "Minimum Bonus") or more than 100% of the Executive's Base Salary unless, in the opinion of the Compensation Committee, the Executive deserves a higher amount (the "Maximum Bonus"). If the Executive or the 2
Company, as the case may be, satisfies the performance criteria contained in such Bonus Policy for a fiscal year, he shall receive an annual incentive bonus (the "Incentive Bonus"), consistent with the provisions relating to the Minimum Bonus and the Maximum Bonus, in an amount determined by the Compensation Committee and subject to ratification by the Board, if required. If the Executive or the Company, as the case may be, fails to satisfy the performance criteria contained in such Bonus Policy for a fiscal year, the Compensation Committee may determine whether any Incentive Bonus shall be payable to the Executive for that year other than the Minimum Bonus, subject to ratification by the Board, if required. The Bonus Policy shall contain both individual and group goals. 5. STOCK BASED AWARDS. The REIT has established the 2004 Equity Incentive Plan ("Equity Incentive Plan") which provides for the grants of options to acquire shares of the Company's $.001 par value common stock (the "Common Shares"), awards of restricted Common Shares and awards of stock appreciation rights and performance units. The Company has reserved for issuance to the Company's executive officers and other employees two and six-tenths percent (2.6%) of the outstanding Common Shares on a fully-diluted basis for awards of restricted Common Shares ("Restricted Share Grants"). The Executive shall be eligible to receive Restricted Share Grants as approved by the Compensation Committee, and if the Compensation Committee approves Restricted Share Grants to executives of the Company, then, as appropriate in the context, the Executive will receive Restricted Share Grants consistent with, and appropriate in respect of, his position as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Restricted Share Grants awarded to the Executive shall be subject to vesting at the rate of 8.33% of the underlying Common Shares on the last day of each fiscal quarter thereafter until fully vested; provided, however, that the Executive will be 100% vested and all restrictions will lapse upon (i) a Change of Control (as defined herein), (ii) a termination by the Company without Cause (as defined herein), (iii) a termination by the Executive for Good Reason (as defined herein), (iv) his death, or (v) his becoming Permanently Disabled (as defined herein). The Executive will forfeit all unvested Restricted Share Grants if he is terminated for Cause or he terminates for other than Good Reason. The Common Shares issued as Restricted Share Grants will have voting and dividend rights, and, following the restriction period, shall be registered and fully transferable by the Executive. 6. BENEFITS. (a) VACATION. The Executive shall be entitled to three (3) weeks of vacation per full calendar year. Any unused vacation time shall accrue through the first quarter of the following year. (b) SICK AND PERSONAL DAYS. The Executive shall be entitled to sick and personal days on an as needed basis. 3
(c) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS. (i) PARTICIPATION IN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS. The Executive and his spouse and eligible dependents, if any, and their respective designated beneficiaries where applicable, will be eligible for and entitled to participate, at the Company's expense, in any Company sponsored employee benefit plans, including but not limited to benefits such as group health, dental, accident, disability insurance and group life insurance as such benefits may be offered from time to time, on a basis no less favorable than that applicable to any other executive of the Company. In addition, Executive shall be entitled to participate, on the same basis as other Executives of the Company, in any 401(k) or other retirement plan sponsored by the Company. (ii) DISABILITY INSURANCE. The Company shall maintain, at its cost, supplemental renewable long-term disability insurance with such terms as agreed to by the Company and the Executive. (d) OTHER BENEFITS. (i) ANNUAL PHYSICAL. The Company shall provide, at its costs, a medical examination for the Executive on an annual basis by a licensed physician selected by the Executive. (ii) CAR ALLOWANCE. In lieu of mileage reimbursement and repairs and maintenance expense, the Company shall pay Executive a monthly car allowance of $750. (iii) TAX PREPARATION AND FINANCIAL PLANNING. The Company shall pay or promptly reimburse the Executive for costs incurred by him in connection with tax preparation and financial planning assistance, to be furnished by such advisors, including, but not limited to, auditors and attorneys, as chosen by the Executive, up to a maximum aggregate of $10,000 annually. The amount shall be paid by the Company promptly upon presentation by the Executive of copies of any bills due to such tax and financial planning advisors. The amount paid by the Company shall be imputed as income to the Executive, and the Company will pay to the Executive such additional amount as necessary to pay any federal, state or local tax liability with respect to such imputed income and the payment of such additional amount. (iv) DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS INSURANCE. During the Term and the Severance Period (as defined herein), the Executive shall be entitled to director and officer insurance coverage for his acts and omissions while an officer and director of the Company on a basis no less favorable to him than the coverage provided to any other then current officers and directors. (v) LIFE INSURANCE. The Company will pay the Executive an amount of up to $10,000 per year for life insurance policies for his benefit and beneficiaries of his choosing. Such amount shall increase on January 1st of each year 4
under the term hereof by multiplying by the percentage increase in the Consumer Price Index for such year. The amount shall be paid by the Company promptly upon presentation by the Executive of copies of the premium notices. The amount paid by the Company shall be imputed as income to the Executive, and the Company will pay to the Executive such additional amount as necessary to pay any federal, state or local tax liability with respect to such imputed income and the payment of such additional amount (the "Executive Life Insurance Program"). (vi) EXPENSES, OFFICE AND SECRETARIAL SUPPORT. The Executive shall be entitled to reimbursement of all reasonable expenses, in accordance with the Company's policy as in effect from time to time and on a basis no less favorable than that applicable to any other executive of the Company, including, without limitation, telephone, travel and entertainment expenses incurred by the Executive in connection with the business of the Company, promptly upon the presentation by the Executive of appropriate documentation. The Executive shall also be entitled to appropriate office space, administrative support, and such other facilities and services as are suitable to the Executive's positions and adequate for the performance of the Executive's duties. 7. TERMINATION. The employment of the Executive by the Company pursuant to this Agreement shall terminate upon the occurrence of any of the following: (a) DEATH OR PERMANENT DISABILITY. Immediately upon death or a determination of Permanent Disability of the Executive. As used in this Agreement, "Permanent Disability" shall mean an inability due to a physical or mental impairment to perform the material services contemplated under this Agreement for a period of six (6) months, whether or not consecutive, during any 365-day period. A determination of Permanent Disability shall be made by a physician satisfactory to both the Executive and the Company, provided that if the Executive and the Company do not agree on a physician, the Executive and the Company shall each select a physician and these two together shall select a third physician, whose determination as to Permanent Disability shall be binding on all parties. The appointment of one or more individuals to carry out the offices or duties of the Executive during a period of the Executive's inability to perform such duties and pending a determination of Permanent Disability shall not be considered a breach of this Agreement by the Company. (b) FOR CAUSE. At the election of the Company and subject to the provisions of this Section 7(b), immediately upon written notice by the Company to the Executive of his termination for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, "Cause" for termination shall be deemed to exist solely in the event of (i) the conviction of the Executive of, or the entry of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere by the Executive to, a felony (exclusive of any felony relating to negligent operation of a motor vehicle and also exclusive of a conviction, plea of guilty or nolo contendere arising solely under a statutory provision imposing criminal liability upon the Executive on a per se basis due to the Company offices held by the Executive, so long as any act or omission of the Executive with respect to such matter was not taken or omitted in contravention of any applicable policy or directive of the Board), (ii) a willful breach of his duty of loyalty 5
which is materially detrimental to the Company, (iii) a willful failure to perform or adhere to explicitly stated duties that are consistent with the terms of this Agreement, or the Company's reasonable and customary guidelines of employment or reasonable and customary corporate governance guidelines or policies, including, without limitation, any business code of ethics adopted by the Board, or to follow the lawful directives of the Board (provided such directives are consistent with the terms of this Agreement), which, in any such case, continues for thirty (30) days after written notice from the Board to the Executive, or (iv) gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of the Executive's duties. For purposes of this Section 7(b), no act, or failure to act, on the Executive's part will be deemed "gross negligence" or "willful misconduct" unless done, or omitted to be done, by the Executive not in good faith and without a reasonable belief that the Executive's act, or failure to act, was in the best interest of the Company. (c) WITHOUT CAUSE; WITHOUT GOOD REASON. At the election of the Company, without Cause, and at the election of the Executive, without Good Reason, in either case upon thirty (30) days prior written notice to the Executive or the Company, as the case may be. (d) FOR GOOD REASON. At the election of the Executive, for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, "Good Reason" shall mean any of the following actions or omissions, provided the Executive notifies the Company of his determination that Good Reason exists within sixty (60) days of the action or omission on which such determination is based: (i) failure of this Agreement to be automatically renewed, on at least comparable terms, as a result of the Company giving notice pursuant to Section 2, (ii) the Company's failure to maintain a Bonus Policy in Section 4 hereof or to continue in effect the Equity Incentive Plan, unless comparable alternative compensation arrangements (embodied in ongoing substitute or alternative plans) have been provided to the reasonable satisfaction of the Executive, (iii) a reduction or loss of employee benefits or material fringe benefits, both in terms of the amount of the benefit and the level of the Executive's participation therein, enjoyed by the Executive under the employee benefit and welfare plans of the Company, including, without limitation, such benefits as group health, dental, 401(k), accident, disability insurance, or group life insurance, that is caused by the Company except as is required by applicable law, or (iv) a breach by the Company of any provision of this Agreement that continues for a period of thirty (30) days after Executive provides written notice to the Company of such breach. 6
8. EFFECTS OF TERMINATION. (a) TERMINATION ON PERMANENT DISABILITY; BY THE COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE; BY THE EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON. If the employment of the Executive should terminate by reason of his becoming Permanently Disabled, a termination by the Company for any reason other than Cause, or by the Executive for Good Reason, then the Company shall pay all compensation and benefits for the Executive as follows: (i) any Base Salary, Incentive Bonus, expense reimbursements and all other compensation related payments that are payable as of the effective date of the termination of his employment that are related to the period of his employment preceding the effective date of the termination of his employment, including pay in lieu of accrued, but unused, vacation, and (ii) the prorated amount of the Incentive Bonus for the year in which the termination of employment occurs, pro rated for the portion of such year during which the Executive was employed prior to the effective date of the termination of his employment, and (iii) an amount equal to the product of (A) the sum of (1) the Executive's Base Salary as of the effective date of termination of his employment, and (2) the average cash bonus received by Executive for the past three (3) fiscal years preceding the effective date of termination (or such shorter period, if applicable), multiplied by (B) three (3). The sum of the amount payable under subsections (ii) and (iii) hereof is referred to herein as his "Severance Payment". (iv) The Severance Payment shall be made in a single, lump sum cash payment no later than thirty (30) days after the effective date of the termination of the Executive's employment. Such Severance Payment shall be reduced, in the case of a termination due to Permanent Disability, by the present value of the amount of disability proceeds to be received by Executive under the long term disability insurance policy carried by the Company. (v) The Company shall allow the Executive and his spouse and dependants to continue to participate during the three (3) year period following the effective date of his termination of employment (the "Severance Period") in any and all of the employee benefit and welfare plans and programs of the Company, excluding any 401(k) plan, in which the Executive was entitled to participate immediately prior to his termination, to the same extent and upon the same terms as the Executive participated in such plans prior to his termination, provided that the Executive's continued participation is permissible or otherwise practicable under the general terms and provisions of such benefit plans and programs. During the Severance Period, the Company shall pay for the Executive's and his spouse's and dependants' continued participation in said employee 7
benefit and welfare plans, including but not limited to premiums for group health, dental, accident, disability insurance, director's and officers insurance, group life insurance, and his car allowance, but excluding any 401(k) plan. To the extent that continued participation is neither permissible nor practicable, the Company shall take such actions as may be necessary to provide the Executive, his spouse, and his dependants with substantially comparable benefits (without additional cost to the Executive, including any additional taxes) outside the scope of such plans including, without limitation, reimbursing the Executive for his costs in obtaining such coverage, such as COBRA premiums paid by the Executive and/or his eligible dependents. If the Executive engages in regular employment after his termination of employment (whether as an executive or as a self-employed person, but excluding his management or operation of the Excluded Businesses), any employee benefit and welfare benefits received by the Executive in consideration of such employment which are similar in nature to the employee benefit and welfare benefits provided by the Company will relieve the Company of its obligation under this Section 8(a)(v) to provide comparable benefits to the extent of the benefits so received. (vi) The Executive's stock options awarded under the Equity Incentive Plan (or any other or successor plan) shall immediately become 100% vested and he shall have whatever remaining period under the options following the effective date of his termination of employment in which to exercise his vested stock options, including those stock options that vested upon his termination of employment. (vii) The Executive's restricted Common Shares awarded under the Equity Incentive Plan (or any other or successor plan) shall immediately become 100% vested and all restrictions shall lapse. (b) TERMINATION ON DEATH. Upon a termination of employment due to the Executive's death, the Executive shall become 100% vested in his stock options and restricted Common Shares awarded under the Equity Incentive Plan. The Executive's personal representative shall have whatever remaining period under the options following the Executive's death in which to exercise his vested stock options, including those stock options that vested on death. The Company shall pay to the Executive's personal representative any Base Salary, Incentive Bonus, expense reimbursements and all other compensation related payments that are payable as of his date of death and that are related to his period of employment preceding his date of death. Within sixty (60) days after the Executive's death, the Company shall pay to the Executive's personal representative the prorated amount of the Incentive Bonus for the year in which the Executive's death occurs, prorated for the portion of the year during which the Executive was employed prior to his death. The Executive's spouse and each of his dependants shall be covered under the Company's health insurance program until the earlier to occur of (i) such spouse or dependant reaching the age of sixty-five (65) or (ii) such spouse or dependant obtaining full-time employment. The Company shall pay for such coverage for a period of three (3) years and after that the Executive's spouse or dependant's shall pay for such coverage. 8
(c) BY THE COMPANY FOR CAUSE OR BY THE EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON. In the event that the Executive's employment is terminated by the Company for Cause or by the Executive without Good Reason, the Company shall pay the Executive his Base Salary, Incentive Bonus, expense reimbursements and all other compensation related payments that are payable as of his termination of employment date and that are related to his period of employment preceding his termination date. The Executive shall be entitled to exercise his vested stock options, determined as of his termination date, pursuant to the terms of the option grant. All unvested options and unvested restricted Common Shares shall be forfeited on his termination date. The Executive shall also be entitled to all benefits accrued and vested under any employee benefit plan of the Company. The Executive, the Executive's spouse and each of his dependants shall be allowed to be covered by the Company's health insurance plan, at the Executive's costs, for a period of three (3) years or until such time as such spouse or dependant obtains full-time employment, whichever period is shorter. (d) TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY. Immediately upon the Executive terminating or being terminated from his employment with the Company for any reason, notwithstanding anything else appearing in this Agreement or otherwise, the Executive will stop serving the functions of his terminated or expired positions, and shall be without any of the authority or responsibility for such positions. On request of the Board at any time following his termination of employment for any reason, the Executive shall resign from the Board if then a member. 9. CHANGE OF CONTROL. (a) CHANGE OF CONTROL. For purposes of this Agreement, a "Change of Control" will be deemed to have taken place upon the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) any person, entity or affiliated group, excluding the REIT or any employee benefit plan of the REIT, acquiring more than 50% of the then outstanding voting shares of the REIT, (ii) the consummation of any merger or consolidation of the REIT into another company, such that the holders of the voting shares of the REIT immediately prior to such merger or consolidation own less than 50% of the voting power of the securities of the surviving company or the parent of such surviving company, or (iii) the complete liquidation of the REIT or the sale or disposition of all or substantially all of the REIT's assets, such that after the transaction, the holders of the voting shares of the REIT immediately prior to the transaction own less than 50% of the voting securities of the acquiror or the parent of the acquiror. (b) CERTAIN BENEFITS UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL. In the event of a Change of Control, the Executive shall become 100% vested in the stock 9
options and restricted Common Shares awarded under the Equity Incentive Plan (or any other or successor plan) and, if the Executive voluntarily terminates his employment without Good Reason after the Change of Control, then the Executive shall have whatever remaining period under the options following the Change of Control in which to exercise his vested stock options, including those stock options that vested upon the Change of Control. In addition, if the Executive's employment with the Company is terminated by the Company for Cause or by the Executive without Good Reason in connection with a Change of Control, the Executive shall receive (in addition to the applicable benefits described in Section 8 hereof) a lump sum payment equal to the largest cash compensation from the Company for any twelve (12) month period during the Executive's tenure with the Company, multiplied by three (3). (c) EXCISE TAX. (i) In the event that any payment or benefit received or to be received by the Executive in connection with a termination of the Executive's employment (whether pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other plan, arrangement or agreement with the Company, any person whose actions result in a change in control or any person affiliated with the Company or such person) (all such payments and benefits being hereinafter called "Total Payments"), such that the Executive will be subject (in whole or in part) to the excise tax imposed under Code Section 4999 ("Excise Tax") on such payments and benefits, then the Company shall pay to the Executive an additional amount (the "Gross-Up Payment") such that the net amount retained by the Executive, after deduction of the Excise Tax and any federal, state and local tax on the Gross-Up Payment, will be equal to the Total Payments. For purposes of determining the amount of the Gross-Up Payment, the Executive shall be deemed to pay federal income taxes at the highest marginal rate of federal income taxation in the calendar year in which the Gross-Up Payment is to be made and state and local income taxes at the highest marginal rate of taxation in the state and locality of the Executive's residence on such date, net of the maximum deduction in federal income taxes which could be obtained from deduction of such state and local taxes. (ii) The Executive or the Company may request, prior to the time any payments under this Agreement are made, a determination of whether any or all of the Total Payments will be subject to the Excise Tax and, if so, the amount of such Excise Tax and the federal, state and local tax imposed on the Gross-Up Payment. If such a determination is requested, it shall be made promptly, at the Company's expense, by tax counsel selected by the Executive and approved by the Company (with such approval not being unreasonably withheld), and such determination shall be conclusive and binding on both parties. The Company agrees to provide any information reasonably requested by such tax counsel. Tax counsel may engage accountants or other experts, at the Company's expense, to the extent deemed necessary or advisable for them to reach a determination. For these purposes, the term "tax counsel" shall mean a law firm with expertise in federal income tax matters. 10
(iii) In the event that the Excise Tax is subsequently determined to be less than the amount taken into account hereunder, the Executive will repay to the Company, at the time that the amount of such reduction in Excise Tax is finally determined, the portion of the Gross-Up Payment attributable to such reduction plus that portion of the Gross-Up Payment attributable to the Excise Tax and federal, state and local income tax imposed on the Gross-Up Payment, without any interest thereon. In the event that the Excise Tax is determined to exceed the amount taken into account hereunder, the Company will make an additional Gross-Up Payment in respect of such excess and in respect of any portion of the Excise Tax with respect to which the Company had not previously made a Gross-Up Payment (plus any interest, penalties or additions payable by the Executive with respect to such excess and such portion) at the time that the amount of such excess is finally determined, without any interest thereon. (iv) Each party agrees to notify the other party, in writing, of any claim that, if successful, would require the payment by the Company of a Gross-Up Payment or might entitle the Company to a refund of all or part of any previous Gross-Up Payment. Such notification shall be given as soon as practicable but no later than ten (10) business days after the Executive or Company is informed in writing of such claim or otherwise becomes aware of such claim. If notice of the claim arose as a result of a claim made against the Executive by a taxing authority, Executive shall not pay such claim prior to the expiration of the thirty (30) day period following the date on which he gives notice to the Company. If the Company notifies the Executive in writing prior to the expiration of such period that it desires to contest such claim, the Executive shall: (A) give the Company any information reasonably requested by the Company relating to such claim, (B) take such action in connection with contesting such claim as the Company shall reasonably request in writing from time to time, including, without limitation, accepting legal representation with respect to such claim by an attorney selected by the Executive and approved by the Company (with such approval not being unreasonably withheld), (C) cooperate with the Company in good faith in order to effectively contest such claim, and (D) permit the Company to reasonably participate in any proceedings relating to such claim. The Company shall bear and pay directly all costs and expenses (including legal fees and additional interest and penalties) incurred in connection with such contest and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax (including interest and penalties with respect thereto) imposed as a result of such representation and payment of costs and expenses. (v) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall control all audits and proceedings taken in connection with any claim, audit or proceeding involving Excise Taxes or Gross-Up Payments and, at its sole option, may pursue or forego any and all administrative appeals, proceedings, hearings and conferences with the taxing authority in respect of any such claim, audit or proceeding and may, at its sole option, either direct the Executive to pay the tax claimed and sue for a refund or contest the tax in any permissible manner, and the Executive agrees to prosecute such contest to a determination before any administrative tribunal, in a court of initial jurisdiction and in one or more appellate courts, as the Company shall determine; provided, however, that if the Company directs the Executive to pay such tax and sue for a refund, the Company 11
shall advance the amount of such payment to the Executive, (including interest or penalties with respect thereto) and shall indemnify and hold the Executive harmless, on an after-tax basis, for any Excise Tax or income tax (including interest or penalties with respect thereto) imposed with respect to such advance or with respect to any imputed income with respect to such advance. The Company shall be required to consult with and keep the Executive fully apprised of developments and actions being considered or taken with respect to such claim, audit or proceeding. The Company's control of the contest shall be limited to issues with respect to which such a Gross-Up Payment would be payable or refundable hereunder and the Executive shall be entitled to settle or contest, as the case may be, any other issue. Each party agrees to keep the other party fully apprised of developments concerning such claim, audit or proceeding and to cooperate with the other in good faith in order to effectively resolve such claim, audit or proceeding. (vi) For purposes of this Subsection (c), a determination of whether a payment is subject to Excise Taxes, including but not limited to, a determination of Change in Control, shall be made pursuant to Code Section 280G. 10. CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. The Executive recognizes and acknowledges that certain assets of the Company constitute Confidential Information. The term "Confidential Information" as used in this Agreement shall mean all information which is known only to the Executive or the Company, other employees of the Company, or others in a confidential relationship with the Company, and relating to the Company's business including, without limitation, information regarding clients, customers, pricing policies, methods of operation, proprietary Company programs, sales products, profits, costs, markets, key personnel, formulae, product applications, technical processes, and trade secrets, as such information may exist from time to time, which the Executive acquired or obtained by virtue of work performed for the Company, or which the Executive may acquire or may have acquired knowledge of during the performance of said work. The Executive shall not, during Term and for a period of three (3) years thereafter disclose all or any part of the Confidential Information to any person, firm, corporation, association, or any other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, directly or indirectly, except as may be required pursuant to his employment hereunder, or as otherwise required by law, unless and until such Confidential Information becomes publicly available other than as a consequence of the breach by the Executive of his confidentiality obligations hereunder by law or in any judicial or administrative proceeding (in which case, the Executive shall provide the Company with notice). In the event of the termination of his employment, whether voluntary or involuntary and whether by the Company or the Executive, the Executive shall deliver to the Company all documents and data pertaining to the Confidential Information and shall not retain any documents or data of any kind or any reproductions (in whole or in part) or extracts of any items relating to the Confidential Information. The Company acknowledges that prior to his employment with the Company, the Executive has lawfully acquired extensive knowledge of the industries and businesses in which the Company engages in business, and that the provisions of this Section 10 are not intended to restrict the Executive's use of such previously acquired knowledge. 12
In the event that the Executive receives a request or is required (by deposition, interrogatory, request for documents, subpoena, civil investigative demand or similar process) to disclose all or any part of the Confidential Information, the Executive agrees to (a) promptly notify the Company in writing of the existence, terms and circumstances surrounding such request or requirement, (b) consult with the Company on the advisability of taking legally available steps to resist or narrow such request or requirement, and (c) assist the Company in seeking a protective order or other appropriate remedy. In the event that such protective order or other remedy is not obtained or that the Company waives compliance with the provisions hereof the Executive shall not be liable for such disclosure unless disclosure to any such tribunal was caused by or resulted from a previous disclosure by the Executive not permitted by this Agreement. 11. NON-COMPETITION AND NONSOLICITATION. During the Term and for a period of eighteen (18) calendar months after the termination of the Executive's employment (the "Non-Compete Period"), the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, either as a principal, agent, employee, employer, stockholder, partner or in any other capacity whatsoever: (a) engage or assist others engaged, in whole or in part, in any business which is engaged in a business or enterprise involving the ownership, leasing or management of healthcare real estate (it being understood that engaging in the activity of operating a healthcare operating company which owns its own healthcare real estate is not so prohibited), or (b) without the prior consent of the Board, solicit the employment of, or assist others in soliciting the employment of, any individual employed by the Company (other than the Executive's personal assistant or Executive's secretary) at any time while the Executive was also so employed; provided, however, that the provisions of this Section 11 shall not apply in the event the termination is by the Company without Cause or by the Executive for Good Reason. Nothing in this Section 11 shall impede, restrict or otherwise interfere with Executive's management and operation of the Excluded Businesses. Further, nothing in this Section 11 shall prohibit Executive from making any passive investment in a public company, where he is the owner of five percent (5%) or less of the issued and outstanding voting securities of any entity, provided such ownership does not result in his being obligated or required to devote any managerial efforts. The Executive agrees that the restraints imposed upon him pursuant to this Section 11 are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates, and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, length of time and geographic area. The parties further agree that, in the event that any provision of this Section 11 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. 12. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY. During the Term, the Executive shall promptly disclose to the Company or any successor or assign, and grant to the Company 13
and its successors and assigns without any separate remuneration or compensation other than that received by him in the course of his employment, his entire right, title and interest in and to any and all inventions, developments, discoveries, models, or any other intellectual property of any type or nature whatsoever ("Intellectual Property"), whether developed by him during or after business hours, or alone or in connection with others, that is in any way related to the business of the Company, its successors or assigns. This provision shall not apply to books, stories, screenplays, manuscripts or articles, or any electronic recordings of same, authored by the Executive during non-work hours, consistent with his obligations under this Agreement, so long as such books, stories, screenplays, manuscripts or articles, or any electronic recordings of same, (a) are not funded in whole or in part by the Company, and (b) do not contain any Confidential Information or Intellectual Property of the Company. The Executive agrees, at the Company's expense, to take all steps necessary or proper to vest title to all such Intellectual Property in the Company, and cooperate fully and assist the Company in any litigation or other proceedings involving any such Intellectual Property. 13. DISPUTES. (a) EQUITABLE RELIEF. The Executive acknowledges and agrees that upon any breach by the Executive of his obligations under Sections 10, 11, or 12 hereof, the Company will have no adequate remedy at law, and accordingly will be entitled to specific performance and other appropriate injunctive and equitable relief. (b) LEGAL FEES. The Company shall pay or promptly reimburse the Executive for the reasonable legal fees and expenses incurred by the Executive in successfully enforcing or defending any right of the Executive pursuant to this Agreement even if the Executive does not prevail on each issue. 14. INDEMNIFICATION. The Company shall indemnify the Executive, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, against all costs, charges and expenses incurred or sustained by the Executive, including the cost of legal counsel selected and retained by the Executive in connection with any action, suit or proceeding to which the Executive may be made a party by reason of the Executive being or having been an officer, director, or employee of the Company. 15. COOPERATION IN FUTURE MATTERS. The Executive hereby agrees that for a period of eighteen (18) months following his termination of employment he shall cooperate with the Company's reasonable requests relating to matters that pertain to the Executive's employment by the Company, including, without limitation, providing information or limited consultation as to such matters, participating in legal proceedings, investigations or audits on behalf of the Company, or otherwise making himself reasonably available to the Company for other related purposes. Any such cooperation shall be performed at scheduled times taking into consideration the Executive's other commitments, and the Executive shall be compensated at a reasonable hourly or per diem rate to be agreed upon by the parties to the extent such cooperation is required on more than an occasional and limited basis. The Executive shall not be required to perform such 14
cooperation to the extent it conflicts with any requirements of exclusivity of services for another employer or otherwise, nor in any manner that in the good faith belief of the Executive would conflict with his rights under or ability to enforce this Agreement. 16. GENERAL. (a) NOTICES. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing or by written telecommunication, and shall be deemed to have been duly given if delivered personally or if sent by overnight courier or by certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid or sent by written telecommunication or telecopy, to the relevant address set forth below, or to such other address as the recipient of such notice or communication shall have specified in writing to the other party hereto, in accordance with this Section 16(a). If to the Company, to: 1000 Urban Center Drive Suite 501 Birmingham, Alabama 35242 If to Executive, at his last residence shown on the records of the Company. Any such notice shall be effective (i) if delivered personally, when received, (ii) if sent by overnight courier, when receipted for, (iii) if mailed, five (5) days after being mailed, and (iv) on confirmed receipt if sent by written telecommunication or telecopy, provided a copy of such communication is sent by regular mail, as described above. (b) SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this Agreement is or becomes invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any law, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired. (c) WAIVERS. No delay or omission by either party hereto in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall impair such right, power or privilege, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such right, power or privilege preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. (d) COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. In making proof of this Agreement, it shall not be necessary to produce or account for more than one such counterpart. (e) ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company's successors and the Executive's personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. This Agreement shall not be assignable by the Executive, it being understood and agreed that this is a contract 15
for the Executive's personal services. This Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company except that the Company shall assign it in connection with a transaction involving the succession by a third party to all or substantially all of the Company's business and/or assets (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise). When assigned to a successor, the assignee shall assume this Agreement and expressly agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform it in the absence of such an assignment. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term "Company" shall include any successor to the Company's business and/or assets that executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in the immediately preceding sentence or that becomes bound by this Agreement by operation of law. (f) ENTIRE AGREEMENT. This Agreement contains the entire understanding of the parties, supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, relating to the subject matter hereof and may not be amended except by a written instrument hereafter signed by the Executive and a duly authorized representative of the Company (other than the Executive). (g) GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement and the performance hereof shall be construed and governed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law. (h) CONSTRUCTION. The language used in this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any party. The headings of sections of this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not affect its meaning or construction. Whenever any word is used herein in one gender, it shall be construed to include the other gender, and any word used in the singular shall be construed to include the plural in any case in which it would apply and vice versa. (i) PAYMENTS AND EXERCISE OF RIGHTS AFTER DEATH. Any amounts payable hereunder after the Executive's death shall be paid to the Executive's designated beneficiary or beneficiaries, whether received as a designated beneficiary or by will or the laws of descent and distribution. The Executive may designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries for all purposes of this Agreement, and may change at any time such designation, by notice to the Company making specific reference to this Agreement. If no designated beneficiary survives the Executive or the Executive fails to designate a beneficiary for purposes of this Agreement prior to his death, all amounts thereafter due hereunder shall be paid, as and when payable, to his spouse, if she survives the Executive, and otherwise to his estate. (j) CONSULTATION WITH COUNSEL. The Executive acknowledges that he has had a full and complete opportunity to consult with counsel or other advisers of his own choosing concerning the terms, enforceability and implications of this Agreement, and that the Company has not made any representations or warranties to the 16
Executive concerning the terms, enforceability and implications of this Agreement other than as are reflected in this Agreement. (k) WITHHOLDING. Any payments provided for in this Agreement shall be paid net of any applicable income tax withholding required under federal, state or local law. (l) CONSUMER PRICE INDEX. For purposes of this Agreement, the terms "Consumer Price Index" or "CPI" refers to the Consumer Price Index as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor, U.S. City Average, All Items for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (1982-1984=100). If the CPI is hereafter converted to a different standard reference base or otherwise revised, the determination of the CPI adjustment shall be made with the use of such conversion factor, formula or table for converting the CPI, as may be published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, or, if the bureau shall no longer publish the same, then with the use of such conversion factor, formula or table as may be published by an agency of the United States, or failing such publication, by a nationally recognized publisher of similar statistical information. (m) SURVIVAL. The provisions of Sections 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 shall survive the termination of this Agreement. [Signatures to appear on the following page] 17
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written. OPERATING PARTNERSHIP: EXECUTIVE: MPT OPERATING PARTNERSHIP,L.P. By: /s/ Edward K. Aldag, Jr. /s/ Michael G. Stewart ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------ Name: Edward K. Aldag, Jr. Michael G. Stewart Title: Chairman, President and CEO Dated: April 28, 2005 Dated: April 28, 2005 REIT: MEDICAL PROPERTIES TRUST, INC. By: /s/ Edward K. Aldag, Jr. ----------------------------------- Name: Edward K. Aldag, Jr. Title: Chairman, President and CEO Dated: April 28, 2005 18
EXHIBIT 10.38 April 29, 2005 Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. M. Stephen Harrison G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. Bucks County Oncoplastic Institute, LLC Attn: Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D., Chief Manager 511 Union Street, Suite 1800 Nashville, Tennessee 37219 RE: BUCKS COUNTY PURCHASE AND SALE AGREEMENT Gentlemen: As you know, MPT Operating Partnership, L.P., MPT of Bucks County Hospital, L.P. (collectively, "MPT"), Bucks County Oncoplastic Institute, LLC (the "Seller"), Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D., M. Stephen Harrison and DSI Facility Development LLC are parties to that certain Purchase and Sale Agreement dated March 3, 2005 (the "Purchase Agreement"), relating to the development of a hospital and adjoining medical office building in Bucks County, Pennsylvania (the "Real Property"). Section 2.5 of the Purchase Agreement provides that, as an alternative to a lease arrangement, MPT may, at its option, elect an alternative structure for the transaction. Please let this letter serve as a notice of MPT's election to structure the transaction initially as a ground lease of land and a construction loan and mortgage. A separate MPT finance company will make the construction loan. The land will be ground leased by two different MPT landlords pursuant to two leases, one for the hospital and one for the medical office building. Seller will be the tenant under each lease. Each lease will also include the granting of an option to MPT to acquire the improvements for the loan balance allocable thereto at the end of the construction term. Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. and M. Stephen Harrison are defined to be "Principals" under the Purchase Agreement. We would like to amend the Purchase Agreement, in its entirety, by adding G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. as a Principal. Furthermore, Section 6.10 of the Purchase Agreement provides that MPT shall make cash advances to the Seller in amounts up to One Million Six Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($1,600,000.00) for costs associated with the acquisition and development of the Real Property. We would like to amend Section 6.10 of the Purchase Agreement by changing said amount from One Million Six Hundred Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($1,600,000.00) to One Million Nine Hundred Eighty-Five Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($1,985,000.00). We would like to further amend Section 6.10 of the Purchase Agreement to provide that Two Hundred Sixty-Two Thousand Five Hundred and No/100 Dollars ($262,500.00) of such cash advance amount may be used to fund the escrow deposit required under the Real Estate Sales Contract (as defined in the Purchase Agreement),
it being agreed that, from and after the date of such advance to fund said escrow deposit, MPT shall have all rights of Seller with respect to the return and application of such escrow deposit as are provided under the Real Estate Sales Contract and the documentation ancillary thereto. We would like to amend Section 6.11(d) of the Purchase Agreement to include a maximum liability amount for G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. of Three Hundred Eighty-Five Thousand and No/Dollars ($385,000.00). We would also like to amend Section 8.2(j) of the Purchase Agreement to include G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. as a person approved by MPT as a pro-rata personal guarantor of Seller's working capital line of credit, and, such pro-rata guarantee of G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. shall not exceed 33% of the Seller's working capital line of credit. Finally, we would like to clarify that any advances made pursuant to Section 6.10 of the Purchase Agreement shall bear interest as provided therein from the date of such advance. Section 8.1 of the Purchase Agreement provides that the Closing shall occur on April 30, 2005. We would like to amend the Purchase Agreement by extending said date from April 30, 2005 to June 30, 2005. Section 9.1 of the Purchase Agreement provides that the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement may be terminated by the Seller if certain conditions have not been satisfied on or before May 31, 2005 or by MPT if certain conditions have not been satisfied on or before by May 31, 2005. We would like to amend the Purchase Agreement by extending said dates from May 31, 2005 to June 30, 2005. Please indicate your acceptance of the election described in the first paragraph of this letter and the above-described amendments to the Purchase Agreement by signing a copy of this letter in the space below and returning it to us. Upon our receipt of your executed letter, the Purchase Agreement shall be amended as described above and the parties shall proceed with the alternative structure outlined above. This letter may be executed in multiple counterparts, all of which together shall constitute one instrument. Sincerely, MPT OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. By: /s/ R. Steven Hamner ----------------------------------- Its: Director, EVP & COO ------------------------------ MPT OF BUCKS COUNTY HOSPITAL, L.P. By: MPT OF BUCKS COUNTY HOSPITAL, LLC Its: GENERAL PARTNER By: MPT OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, L.P. Its: SOLE MEMBER By: /s/ R. Steven Hamner ----------------------------------- Its: Director, EVP & COO
ACCEPTED AND AGREED TO: BUCKS COUNTY ONCOPLASTIC INSTITUTE, LLC By: /s/ Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. ----------------------------- Name: Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. Its: Chief Manager Dated: -------------------------- DSI FACILITY DEVELOPMENT, LLC By: /s/ Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. ----------------------------- Name: Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. Its: Chief Manager Dated: -------------------------- /s/ Jerome S. Tannenbaum, M.D. - --------------------------------- JEROME S. TANNENBAUM, M.D. Dated: -------------------------- /s/ M. Stephen Harrison - ----------------------------- M. STEPHEN HARRISON Dated: -------------------------- The undersigned agrees to the election and amendments set forth in this letter. Upon execution hereof, the undersigned shall become a "Principal" as defined in the Purchase Agreement and agrees to be bound by all provisions of the Purchase Agreement applicable to Principals, including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 11 of the Purchase Agreement. /s/ G. Patrick Maxwell, M.D. - ----------------------------- G. PATRICK MAXWELL, M.D. Dated: --------------------------
EXHIBIT 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors Medical Properties Trust, Inc.: We consent to the use of our report included herein and to the references to our firm under the heading "Experts", "Summary Selected Financial Data" and "Selected Financial Data" in the prospectus. May 11, 2005 Birmingham, Alabama
EXHIBIT 23.2 [PARENTE RANDOLPH, LLC LETTERHEAD] CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Member Vibra Healthcare, LLC: We hereby consent to the incorporation in this Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement of Medical Properties Trust, Inc. on Form S-11 (333-119957), of our report dated March 8, 2005, except Note 11, as to which the date is March 31, 2005, relating to the consolidated financial statements of Vibra Healthcare, LLC and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and for the period from inception (May 14, 2004) through December 31, 2004. We also consent to the references to us under the heading "Experts" in such Registration Statement. /s/ Parente Randolph, LLC Parente Randolph, LLC Harrisburg, Pennsylvania May 11, 2005
May 13, 2005 VIA EDGAR United States Securities and Exchange Commission Division of Corporation Finance 450 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20549 Attention: Owen Pinkerton, Senior Counsel Ladies and Gentlemen: On behalf of Medical Properties Trust, Inc. (the "Company"), enclosed herewith is Amendment No. 3 (the "Amendment") to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-11, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 26, 2004 (the "Registration Statement"). The Company has amended the Registration Statement in response to comments contained in the letter from the Staff, dated April 26, 2005 (the "Comment Letter"), and addressed to Edward K. Aldag, Jr., Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer and Secretary of the Company. We will separately deliver copies of the amended Registration Statement, marked to show changes responsive to the Comment letter, to members of the Staff specified in the Comment Letter. The numbered responses below correspond to the numbered paragraphs of the Comment Letter. General 1.We have received your letter dated April 18, 2005 and the accompanying materials. We will provide comments, if any, on the opinions, directed share materials and supplemental materials in our next letter. 2. We note your response to prior comment 1. With respect to the probable acquisitions and developments for which you expect to use the net proceeds of this offering, please provide a supplemental analysis of whether the transaction agreements, including the letters of commitment, are binding on and enforceable by the parties thereto. In particular, please identify whether you or the seller may terminate these agreements at your discretion without legal consequence. Please include a statement as to whether or not you have conferred with your counsel with respect to the enforceability of these agreements. Furthermore, please confirm that you consider each of these acquisitions and developments probable for purposes of Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X. RESPONSE: We supplementally advise the Staff that the Company believes, and we concur, that the transaction agreements for the Pending Acquisitions and Developments, including the letters of commitment, are binding and enforceable in accordance with their terms. One of the transactions identified as probable is the subject of a definitive purchase and sale agreement, while the others are subject to letters of commitment. The letters of commitment are not mere statements of present intention and do not include the disclaimer of liability language that typically is present in a non-binding letter of intent. Rather, each of the letters of commitment contains the parties' agreement as to the purchase price or estimated development costs, as the case may be, rental rate, escalation rate, term of the lease, renewal options, expense sharing, security and options to purchase, as well as other material terms. Each letter of commitment contains the statement that the parties "will prepare, negotiate, and execute Definitive Documents consistent with the terms hereof. . ." The letters of commitment, as well as the definitive purchase and sale agreement, also include agreements of the seller and proposed tenant not to pursue any similar transaction with any other party. In addition, the Company has received commitment fees with respect to all of the probable acquisitions and developments covered by the transaction agreements. The Company has conferred with us as to the enforceability of these transaction agreements and we have advised the Company that we believe that they are enforceable in accordance with their terms. The transaction agreements, including the letters of commitment, do not permit the parties to
terminate them unless the closing does not occur by certain outside dates set forth therein. Accordingly, if a proposed seller/tenant attempted to terminate the transaction agreement or refused to proceed with the closing of the transaction, then, unless a condition to closing had failed to have been satisfied, the Company believes, and we concur, that the Company would have recourse to appropriate legal remedies to enforce its rights. As discussed above, all of the transaction agreements contain the material terms identified above and, in the case of the letters of commitment, provide for a duty of the parties to execute definitive closing documents consistent with these terms. Two of the proposed seller/tenants are parties with whom the Company has an ongoing relationship, i.e., the Company has either closed a previous transaction with that party or its affiliates or entered into an agreement addressing future opportunities. In the case of all of the transactions, the parties have for some time been moving forward toward a closing in a cooperative fashion, incurring considerable expense and dealing in a coordinated manner with current land owners, governmental authorities and other third parties. The Company has also completed a substantial portion of its internal diligence investigation with respect to these transactions and has not discovered any material impediments to closing. Accordingly, given all of the factors discussed above, the Company believes that all of the transactions subject to the transaction agreements are probable for purposes of Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X. 3. We have read and considered your response to comment 3. Please address the following comments. a. We will await the inclusion of pro forma per share information in the next amendment to the registration statement. b. Refer to the tax status of the dividends declared in 2004 and 2005 on page 43. Explain to us why you believe $0.21 per share of the distributions in 2004 represent ordinary income while the remaining $0.08 per share declared are undeterminable until the end of 2005. Also, please address the status of the $0.11 per share distribution you declared in March 2005 in your revised disclosure. RESPONSE: a. The Company will include information regarding pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share in the amendment to the Registration Statement on Form S-11 that presents the number of shares of common stock expected to be offered in this offering. b. We supplementally advise the Staff that distributions to REIT stockholders are taxable to the stockholders to the extent such distributions for the year are attributable to the REIT's earnings and profits ("E&P"). Under Internal Revenue Code Section 857(b)(8), distributions declared in October, November or December payable to stockholders of record in such months will be deemed to be paid on December 31 so long as the distributions are paid by January of the following year. However, these distributions will be deemed to be paid by December 31 only to the extent that the REIT has undistributed E&P. We are required to claim $0.03 per share of the $0.11 distribution paid in January, 2005 as part of our 2004 distributions paid deduction for federal and state income tax purposes. The $0.13 per share distributions paid deduction (which consists of the $0.10 per share paid in October 2004 and $0.03 per share from the distributions paid in January 2005) is taxable income to our stockholders, all of which has been reported to them as ordinary income in 2004. The remaining $0.08 per share paid in January 2005 will be used as part of our distributions paid deduction in 2005, and will be reported to our stockholders in 2005. However, the character of that distribution, as ordinary income, capital gains income, or a return of capital, cannot be determined until the end of 2005, depending on whether we have transactions which result in capital gains or whether we pay more in distributions than is our taxable income before deducting distributions paid. We have revised the Registration Statement to clarify this point. See pages 13, 45 and 56. 2
Cover Page 4. We have reviewed your response to Comment 6 from our last comment letter regarding the potential that the debt payments by Vibra may be recharacterized as equity which could have the effect of causing you to violate the REIT requirements. We believe that the risk is sufficiently material to warrant disclosure on the cover page. Please revise. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See the cover page. Summary Our Company, page 1 5. We refer to your statement that you lease your facilities to "experienced healthcare operators." This statement does not appear to be accurate in light of the fact that 6 of the 7 facilities you own are leased to Vibra who has limited operations and is newly formed. Please revise or remove your statement that you lease your properties to experienced operators. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See pages 1 and 57. Our Current Portfolio of Facilities, page 2 6. Since the 2005 and 2006 contractual base rent and the projected development costs for your development properties are estimates, please provide this information in a separate table. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See pages 2-3 and 72-73. Our Pending Acquisitions and Developments, page 4 7. Since the gross purchase price for your development properties and the Hammond, Louisiana property are estimates, please provide this information in a separate table. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See pages 4-5 and 83-84. Summary Risk Factors, page 7 8. We note your response to comment 5. Please revise the summary risk factor and the risk factor on page 37 to first state that Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. has interests in the offering other than underwriting discounts and commissions. Next, include a description of its share holdings and the engagement agreement. Finally, please include disclosure regarding the fact that FBR has an incentive, as a result of its position as a large shareholder, to ensure that the offering will go through which could affect the level of due diligence it conducts. RESPONSE: We have revised the registration statement in response to the Staff's comment. We supplementally advise the Staff that we expect that a "qualified independent underwriter" as defined by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. will be engaged in connection with this offering. Thus, in accordance with discussions with the Staff, we have not included disclosure in this risk factor regarding the level of due diligence any underwriter conducts. We have added disclosure regarding this underwriter's appointment and duties. See pages 39 and 151. Distribution Policy, page 12 9. Please disclose the estimated return of capital percentages for the dividends. RESPONSE: Please refer to our response to Comment 3(b). Also see pages 13, 45 and 56 of the Registration Statement. Risk Factors, page 16 10. We refer to the introductory paragraph on page 16. Please remove your statement that "additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or not identified below, may also materially affect 3
our business, liquidity, financial condition and results of operations." Your disclosure should include all known material risks. Please revise accordingly. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 17. Failure by our tenants to repay loans currently outstanding or loans we have committed to make or to pay us commitment or other fees that they are obligated to pay, in an aggregate amount of approximately $44.1 million, would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders, page 18. 11. Please disclose that Vibra failed to comply with the loan covenants and that you have recently amended the agreement. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 19. 12. Please disclose the amount of the Merrill facility. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 19. Our facilities are currently leased to only three tenants, two of which were recently organized, and have limited or no operating histories, and failure of any of these tenants and the guarantors of their leases to meet their obligations to us would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders, page 19. 13. Please clarify that nearly half of the assets of Vibra are goodwill, or intangible assets. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 20. Our tenants are subject to fraud and abuse laws, the violation of which by a tenant may jeopardize the tenants ability to make lease and loan payments to us, page 28. 14. Please revise this risk factor to include statements similar to those added to page 65 regarding your ability to comply with these regulations. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See pages 29-30. Use of Proceeds, page 39 15. Please revise to separately identify the amount of proceeds to be used for each pending acquisition and development. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 41. Distribution Policy, page 43 16. Since you have a limited operating history it is important for investors to understand the extent that your historical dividends represent a return of capital. The current disclosure does not provide such an understanding. Please disclose the actual or approximate percentage of your historical dividends that represent a return of capital or supplementally advise us why this is not possible. RESPONSE: Please refer to our response to Comment 3(b). Also see pages 13, 45 and 56 of the Registration Statement. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, page 46 Disclosure of Contractual Obligations, page 50 17. Please include your long term debt obligations in the table. Refer to Item 303 of Regulation S-K. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 52. 4
Our Portfolio, page 69 Vibra Facilities and Loans, page 70 18. Please briefly disclose the financial covenants with which Vibra was not in compliance when the leases were amended on March 31, 2005. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 74. Desert Valley Facilities -- Expansion Commitment page 75 19. Please provide additional detail regarding the commitment, including the interest rate and maturity of the loan. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 78. Our Pending Acquisitions and Developments, page 80 20. We note your use of the phrase "we expect" to describe the anticipated transaction terms. Please revise the disclosure in this section to distinguish between transaction terms that are provided for in a binding purchase contract or letter of commitment, and transaction terms you expect to negotiate but that are not subject to a binding agreement. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See pages 83 through 94. 21. Please supplementally provide us with your analysis with respect to the potential for integration of the offers and sales of operating partnership units that may be issued in the Covington and Denham Springs transactions. RESPONSE: We supplementally advise the Staff that the commitment letter for the Covington and Denham Springs transaction has been amended to remove the operating partnership unit component. The Registration Statement has been revised accordingly. See page 84. Other Letters of Commitment, page 88 22. Please update, as necessary, to indicate whether the definitive documents relating to the DSI development project have closed prior to April 30, 2005 or whether either party requested a 30-day extension. RESPONSE: We supplementally advise the Staff that we requested a 30-day extension on April 29, 2005. We have revised the Registration Statement accordingly. See page 92. United States Federal Income Tax Considerations, page 112 23. We note your response to comment 25. However, it is not clear from the new disclosure that your counsel has opined that you have satisfied the REIT operational requirements. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement to clarify this point. See page 130. 24. It appears that your estimate of the offering expenses you will pay excludes the amounts to be reimbursed to the selling stockholders and Friedman, Billings, Ramsey & Co., Inc. Please revise the estimate to include these amounts. RESPONSE: We have revised the Registration Statement as requested. See page 151. Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information 25. Refer to footnotes (2) and (3) regarding your pro forma adjustments for the Desert Valley and Gulf States acquisitions. Please clearly label on the face of the pro forma financial statements and the related footnotes, which of these acquisitions are completed and which are probable. As previously 5
requested, present the effect of completed acquisitions with a subtotal column before the adjustments for the probable transactions. RESPONSE: We have revised the pro forma balance sheet and income statement to clearly label the acquisition of the Desert Valley Facility as a completed transaction. We have revised the pro forma balance sheet and income statement to clearly label the Gulf States Health transaction as a probable acquisition. We have also placed a label in the Desert Valley Facility footnote which describes it as a completed transaction. We have placed a label in the Gulf States Health footnote which describes it as a probable acquisition. We have also labeled the Vibra acquisition as a completed transaction in the pro forma financial statements and footnotes. We have also shown a subtotal column for the completed transactions. See pages F-3 through F-11. 26. We note from pages 4 and 5 that you identify several pending acquisitions that are under contact or letter of commitment. Reconcile these acquisitions with the ones you indicated in footnote (3). In that regard, tell us and clarify which acquisitions are probable and how you applied Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X for these acquisitions. RESPONSE: We have revised footnote (3) to the pro forma consolidated financial information to show each of the three Gulf States Health properties which are probable acquisitions so that each of the three facilities can be referenced directly to the tables on pages 3 and 4. See page F-6. When applying Rule 3-14 of S-X, we have relied on the Division of Corporation Finance: Frequently Requested Accounting and Financial Reporting Interpretations and Guidance, Section III.A.1 Guidance About Financial Statement Requirements -- Financial Statements Of Operating Real Estate Properties Acquired -- Property Subject to a Long-term Net Lease. That section states in part that: "[T]he staff believes that information should include audited financial statements of the lessee or guarantor if the purchase price of the property exceeds 20% of the greater of total assets or the amount expected in good faith to be raised within the next twelve months pursuant to an effective registration statement." The three Gulf States facilities are individually and collectively less than 20% of total consolidated assets of the company. Therefore, they are not considered significant. We have provided summarized financial information about the Gulf States lessees and guarantors on page 85. 27. Refer to footnote (5). We note your pro forma adjustments to give effect to the compensation expense as a result of restricted stock awards issued to senior management and other employees upon the completion of the offering. In that regard, explain and disclose your methodologies in calculating the expense in the footnote. RESPONSE: We have revised footnote (4) (formerly footnote 5) to the pro forma consolidated financial information to state that the expense is calculated by multiplying the number of shares of stock awarded times the offering price per share of common stock in this offering. See page F-6. 28. In footnote (6) you state that depreciation was calculated as though "constructing and occupying the properties was completed on January 1, 2004." Please confirm and revise your disclosures as appropriate to clarify that you are not including the effects of property acquisitions prior to completion of the construction. RESPONSE: We have revised footnote (8) (formerly footnote 6) to the pro forma consolidated financial information to remove the phrase "constructing and occupying the properties was completed" to state that depreciation and amortization are calculated "as though the properties were occupied." See page F-10. 29. Refer to footnote (7). We cannot locate your pro forma adjustment to give effect to the loan made in the pro forma balance sheet. Please explain or revise accordingly. RESPONSE: The pro forma balance sheet does not show the $8 million loan made on the Gulf States -- Hammond facility even though the loan is shown in former footnote (7) (now footnotes (6) 6
and (9)) to the pro forma consolidated financial information. Footnotes (6) and (9) describes transactions shown in the pro forma income statement. In this case, it shows how the loan interest income is calculated. For the Gulf States transactions, we have shown the loan interest income in the pro forma income statement, referenced by footnotes (6) and (9). However, we have not shown the loan receivable in the pro forma balance sheet. Rather, we have shown the purchase price of the property on which the loan is made. The reason is that the Company has an option to purchase the property on which the Company will initially make the mortgage loan. We supplementally advise the Staff that we plan to exercise that option within 12 months of January 2005. The lessee/seller/borrower wants to have a loan with a purchase option for its own tax planning purposes. We intend to accommodate them by committing to a loan, but having an option to purchase the property soon after the one year capital gains holding period has elapsed. That period will end in approximately January 2006, at which time we will exercise our purchase option. We believe it appropriate to show the interest income earned on the loan in the pro forma income statement because we will earn that interest initially on the transaction. However, we believe it appropriate to show the acquisition of the facility in the pro forma balance sheet because it would accurately reflect a use of proceeds from this offering which is probable of occurring within one year from the date of the completion of the offering. 30. Explain why you did not include pro forma adjustments to give effect of your distribution of $0.11 per share declared in March 2005 or revise to provide the adjustments in your next amendment. Reference is made to SAB Topic 1.B.3. RESPONSE: We have added the distribution declared in March 2005 to the completed transactions section of the pro forma balance sheet. See page F-3. Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, page F-8 31. Revise to delete the legend included in your audit opinion and the similar wording in Exhibit 23.1 in your amendment to the registration statement. RESPONSE: The legends at the top of the KPMG audit opinion and on Exhibit 23.1 have been removed as previously discussed with the Staff and in connection with the supplemental issuance of the opinion on April 15, 2005. Financial Statements and Notes New Accounting Pronouncements, page F-17 32. You state that the adoption of SFAS 123(R) is expected to have material impact on the financial statements of the Company commencing with the third quarter of the year ending December 31, 2006. So we may better understand your disclosures, explain to us and disclose why the impact will become material beginning the third quarter of 2006. Revise the disclosure on page 50 to disclose the material impact you anticipate upon adoption. RESPONSE: We have revised the footnote to state that the Company does not expect SFAS No. 123(R) to have a material impact on its financial position or the results of its operations. The original footnote, which referenced a material effect in the third quarter of the year ended December 2006, was not correct. This error appears to have been a transcription error or printing error. As shown in Note 6, the effect of applying SFAS 123 in 2004 to the company's stock options would have the effect of reducing net income by $67,000, an amount which the company considers immaterial. On page 52, we state that we expect the effect of SFAS 123(R) to have an immaterial effect on our financial statements in the future. 7
Unbilled Rent Receivable and Unbilled Rent 33. Reference is made to Note 2 on page F-17. You state that the fair value of unbilled rent receivable has been estimated based on expected payment dates and discounted at a rate which the Company considers appropriate for such assets considering their credit quality and maturity. Please clarify the nature of the discounts recorded, whether they represent an allowance for credit losses and your basis in GAAP for discounting these amounts. Advise us and clarify your accounting policy for determining the amounts of unbilled rent receivable and unbilled rent revenue in the financial statements. Supplementally advise us why you have such a significant amount of unbilled revenue and confirm that it represents effect of straight-lined rents for the respective periods in the financial statements. RESPONSE: Note 2 on page F-27 states in part: "The fair value of unbilled rent receivable has been estimated based on expected payment dates and discounted at a rate which the Company considers appropriate for such assets considering their credit quality and maturity." The reference to discounting here does not refer to discounts granted to the lessee or recorded in the consolidated financial statements to reduce the balance of unbilled rent receivable. Rather, discounting in this context refers to the method of calculating the present value of amounts expected to be received in the future. The term discounting and the method that we have used in the Notes to the financial statements is based on SFAS No. 107, paragraph 27, which states: "[A]n estimate of the fair value of a loan or group of loans may be based on the discounted value of the future cash flows expected to be received from the loan or group of loans." While unbilled rent receivable is not a loan, it has the characteristics a loan in that we can calculate how much unbilled receivable is created each month over the term of a lease and when the unbilled receivable balance for each lease will be paid down by a tenant. Note 2 on page F-24 states our revenue recognition policy as follows: "The Company receives income from operating leases based on the fixed, minimum required rents (base rent) and from additional rent based on a percentage of tenant revenues once the tenant's revenue has exceeded an annual threshold (percentage rent). Base rent revenue is recorded on the straight-line method over the terms of the related lease agreements for new leases and the remaining terms of existing leases for acquired properties. Percentage rents are recognized in the period in which revenue thresholds are met. Differences between rental revenues earned and amounts due per the respective lease agreements are charged, as applicable, to unbilled rent receivable." This disclosure explains that base rent is the amount which we "receive" from the tenant but revenue in the income statement is recorded on the straight-line method over the life of the lease. The difference between amounts received and amounts earned on the straight-line method are recorded as unbilled rent receivable. The Company has recorded $3,206,853 of unbilled rent receivable at December 31, 2004. The unbilled rent receivable arises from two sources. Our leases with Vibra provide for annual scheduled increases in base rent payments of 2.5% over the fixed fifteen year term of each lease. Currently, Vibra pays $1,095,834 per month in base rent. However, the monthly straight-line revenue is $1,532,134, generating $436,300 in monthly unbilled rent receivable and revenue. Unbilled rent receivable from Vibra is $2,449,066 at December 31, 2004. (The Vibra leases began at July 1 and August 17, 2004). The second source of unbilled rent revenue is from the West Houston project, which consists of a community hospital and a medical office building. Our lease agreement with the lessee allows for what we term "construction period rent." The construction period rent is to be paid to us for the use and commitment of our funds to the project during the construction period. It is analogous to interest income that a bank would earn on a construction loan. We have recorded the "construction period rent" as unbilled rent receivable because the lessee is not required to pay the "construction period rent" until each building is occupied. In that regard, we have also recorded the "construction period rent" as deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheet. We will recognize this "construction period rent" on the straight-line basis over the period during which each building is occupied. The amount of such construction period rent at December 31, 2004 is $757,787. 8
We have revised our accounting policy note on revenue recognition to provide a more detailed explanation of how unbilled rent is calculated and reported in the consolidated financial statements. See page F-24. Note 4. Long-term Debt and Loan Payable 34. We have read and considered your response to comment 34. Please expand your disclosure to include your representation that the differences in using the intrinsic method and another fair value method as prescribed by SFAS 123 would not be materially different. RESPONSE: We have revised Note 4 to state that the company used the intrinsic method and to state that the Company considers any differences which would result between the intrinsic method and another fair value method to not be material to the Company's financial position, results of its operations or changes in its cash flows. See page F-29. Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies, page F-19 35. To provide transparency, tell us and disclose, if material, the amount of the provision you recorded related to the settlement offer to a former consultant pursuant to the terminated consulting agreement. RESPONSE: We supplementally advise the Staff that we have recorded $591,335 for the terminated consulting agreement. We have not disclosed this amount as we believe it is not material to the consolidated financial statements, representing substantially less than 1% of total assets. Note 7. Leasing Operations, page F-21 36. Reference is made to the last paragraph of your footnote. Are there two different lease rates in effect for these properties based on whether the property is in the development or operational phase? Please clarify the rental revenue recognition for properties during the construction and operating period and your basis in GAAP for your treatment. RESPONSE: Reference is made to our response to comment 33 above. In Note 7 on page F-32, there are two different lease rates, one for each of the two facilities being built. The medical office building (MOB) has a lease rate of 9.65% and the community hospital has a lease rate of 10.75%. For Note 7, we calculated a weighted average lease rate of 10.4%. As noted in response 33 above, the leases allow us to charge the tenant what is termed "construction period rent." This construction period rent is calculated by multiplying the funds spent to date on each of the two facilities by their respective lease rates. We have recorded the amounts as unbilled rent receivable and as deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheet. The amounts so calculated, which will continue up until the facilities are occupied, will be collected over the term of the lease. We have not recognized any revenue from this construction period rent and will not do so until each facility is occupied. At that time, the rent accrued during the construction period will be recorded as income on the straight-line method along with the regular monthly straight-line rents over the occupancy of the leased facilities. We have expanded Note 7 to describe the calculation of construction period rent and how it is recorded in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2004. We have also expanded Note 7 to describe how construction period rent will be recognized in revenue on the straight-line method only during the occupancy period of the leased facilities. See page F-32. Vibra Financial Statements 37. We have reviewed and considered your response to comment 35. In light of the brief operating history of the tenant, financial statements of the guarantors should also be included to satisfy the reporting requirements under Rule 3-14 of Regulation S-X. Further, expand your disclosures as appropriate to clarify the limitations to the resources available to the guarantors as described in your response. RESPONSE: In addition to the guaranty by Vibra whose audited financial statements are included in the Registration Statement, there are three guarantors of our investments in the Vibra leases and loans. We do not believe the financial statements of the Vibra guarantors other than Vibra would be 9
helpful to prospective investors. The assets and revenue sources of two of the guarantors are immaterial to our investments in the Vibra leases and loans, and in the case of Mr. Hollinger's guaranty, the guaranty is limited to $5.0 million. We have previously disclosed that Mr. Hollinger's guaranty liability is limited to $5.0 million. We have revised the Registration Statement to further disclose that the other two guarantors, Vibra Management, LLC and The Hollinger Group, do not have substantial assets. We have revised the Registration Statement to clarify the limitations to the resources available to the guarantors of the Vibra financial leases and loans. See page 74. Please do not hesitate to contact the undersigned or, in his absence, Thomas O. Kolb (205) 250-8321, if you have any questions or comments relating to the Company's response to the Comment Letter. Very truly yours, /s/ B. G. MINISMAN, JR. B. G. Minisman, Jr. of Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC cc: Andrew Mew Cicely Luckey Michael McTiernan Medical Properties Trust, Inc. Hunton & Williams, LLP 10